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Biomedical subjects

J Hopkins

Publications and source records attributed to J Hopkins.

231 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Postpartum depression and postpartum adaptation: overlapping constructs?

In order to examine the course of normal postpartum adjustment compared to the symptomatology of postpartum depression, 25 postpartum women who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for either major or minor depression were compared to 24 non-depressed postpartum women. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to all subjects. Results suggest that sleep disturbances and loss of sexual interest are common concomitants of normal postpartum adjustment. A discriminant function analysis indicated that the cognitive-affective symptoms of loss of energy, guilt, difficulties in concentration, and loss of interest in usual activities discriminated between depressed and non-depressed women most efficiently. Finally, there was a lack of concordance between the BDI and the SADS interviews, which suggests that the BDI may not be an appropriate instrument for diagnosing depression in a postpartum sample.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variation of the amide I and amide II peak absorbance ratio in human hair as measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Human scalp hair samples were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the ratio of the amide I to amide II band absorbances was determined. The effects of hair oxidation, color, age of sample, and sex of source were examined. Scalp hair from 98 individuals was also analyzed. While there were differences in the amide absorption band ratios, these were difficult to relate to the individualization of the hair samples and did not appear to have a sufficient discriminatory value for routine forensic use.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myocardial tissue characterization by autocorrelation of two-dimensional ultrasonic backscatter.

To evaluate a novel method for determining the spatial distribution of echocardiographic information based on the two-dimensional autocorrelation function, echocardiographic images were obtained from specific regions of interest from 10 healthy volunteers, seven patients with genetically defined hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and nine patients with pressure-overload hypertrophy. The wavelength of distinct peaks from the two-dimensional autocorrelation of the images was compared between groups of patients and demonstrated a significant decrease in the mean length scale associated with distinct secondary correlation peaks in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or pressure-overload hypertrophy compared with healthy volunteers (p = 0.0009). With a discriminating wavelength of 3.3 mm, the sensitivity of this technique for detecting abnormal myocardium was 84% with a specificity of 89%. This study suggests that ultrasonic tissue characterization based on the two-dimensional autocorrelation function may have potential for distinguishing normal from abnormal myocardium and provides a rationale for textural approaches to ultrasonic tissue characterization.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized tomography in Reye's syndrome: evidence for pathological cerebral vasodilatation.

The authors present two children with Reye's syndrome who were studied with serial computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. Scans performed with contrast enhancement during the acute phase of this disease showed evidence of pathological cerebral vasodilatation. The possible mechanism for this vasodilatation and the increased intracranial pressure (ICP) seen in Reye's syndrome are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A double-blind evaluation of the activity of an anti-cellulite product containing retinol, caffeine, and ruscogenine by a combination of several non-invasive methods.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 46 healthy female volunteers in order to test an anti-cellulite product containing retinol, caffeine and ruscogenine. An evaluation of different parameters related to cellulite appearance, i.e., the skin macrorelief, the dermal and hypodermal structures, the skin mechanical characteristics, and the cutaneous flowmetry was assessed using several non-invasive methods. This combination of different evaluation methods resulted in the demonstration of significant activity of the anti-cellulite product versus baseline and showed its superiority versus the placebo in skin macrorelief (decrease of the "orange peel" effect) and an increase in cutaneous microcirculation. By using a combination of methods, it was possible to detail the activity of an anti-cellulite product and to show superiority of the product in comparison with the placebo.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Goiter in Tibetan medicine.

The visit of two Tibetan physicians provided a unique opportunity to gain insight into a practice of medicine very different from that of Western civilization. Initial discussions indicated that the practice of medicine and mysticism were inextricably interwoven in the Tibetan culture. Accordingly, the focus of the study was directed to goiter, which is both common in the Himalayas and easy to define.In Tibetan medical practice, illness is considered to be derived from both proximate and distant causes. Three humors, "wind," "bile," and "phlegm" are thought to be responsible for normal mental and physical functions when in balance, but disease when out of balance. Goiter was thought to be due to an imbalance of these humors. The Western discovery that endemic goiter in the Himalayas was due to iodine deficiency explained the proximate cause but did not explain why some individuals have goiter and others do not in the same iodine deficient village.

China↗