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Biomedical subjects

J Hopkins

Publications and source records attributed to J Hopkins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Hyperactives as young adults: a controlled prospective ten-year follow-up of 75 children.

This study reports on a variety of outcome variables from 75 hyperactive and 44 matched control subjects aged 17 to 24 years (mean ages, 19.5 and 19.0 years, respectively). All hyperactive subjects have been followed up for 10 to 12 years; they were first evaluated at 6 to 12 years of age. None of the hyperactive subjects was treated with methylphenidate, although a subgroup received chlorpromazine or a mixture of drugs (excluding methylphenidate). The hyperactive subjects had less education than the controls and a history of more car accidents and more geographical moves. However, only a minority were still engaged in continued antisocial behavior or had evidence of severe psychopathology. No subjects were found to be psychotic, but two were diagnosed as borderline psychotic. There was evidence that hyperactive subjects had some continued symptoms from the hyperkinetic child syndrome, including impulsive personality traits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Superinduction of alpha 2u globulin by actinomycin D: evidence for drug-mediated increase in alpha 2u mRNA.

Actinomycin D, an inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis, increased the hepatic concentration of alpha 2u globulin, an androgen-inducible protein in the rat. Spayed female rats with a marginally induced state of alpha 2u synthesis showed an approximately 5-fold increase in hepatic alpha 2u globulin within 3-6 hr after treatment with actinomycin D. Initial treatment of these animals with 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, followed by actinomycin D, resulted within 2-3 hr in a more than 2-fold increase in hepatic alpha 2u globulin compared to animals treated with the androgen alone. In spite of inhibition of hepatic synthesis of poly(A)-containing RNA to less than 25% of control, superinduction with actinomycin D resulted in a parallel increase in the translatable mRNA for alpha 2u globulin. These results showing increase in both alpha 2u globulin and its translatable mRNA after superinduction with actinomycin D support the concept of post-transcriptional repression of alpha2u synthesis.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1979

Fitness test profiles and trainng intensities in skilled race-walkers.

A broad profile of national standard race-walkers was obtained. Subjects were taller and had more body fat than competitive runners of comparable distance as found in the literature. Pulmonary function, blood pressure and maximal heart rates were similar to normal sedentary values. The group's somatotype was 2.5 : 3 : 4, low mesomorphy being reflected in inferior strength measures. Haematological status corresponded to the runners of Brotherhood et al (1975). Predicted VO2 max (x = 70 ml kg min-1) was not related to performance. Time to exhaustion on a treadmill test correlated with 20 km race time (R = -.94; p less than .001). Multiple regression equations derived to predict race performance from combinations of 4 to 6 personality traits were non-significant. Mean heart rate in typical training regimes was 167 beats min-1 for interval training at 13 kmh-1 on the track and 134 beats min-1 over a 2.1 h road walk at 10.3 kmh-1. Physiological strain was greater in uphill than in level or downhill walking (P less than .001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Phenacetin and analgesic nephropathy.

A prospective survey of 322 autopsies of adults conducted some months after phenacetin was removed from a popular compound analgesic showed to reduction in the incidence of advanced or earlier forms of analgesic nephropathy from levels noted in an earlier survey. Apparently active nephropathy was seen in persons taking two different compound analgesics, neither now containing phenacetin. Crystals observed in early and intermediate analgesic nephropathy had no diagnostic significance and represented a tissue breakdown product.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the lymphocytes of sheep. III. Destination of lymph-borne immunoblasts in relation to their tissue of origin.

Lymph-borne immunoblasts were labeled in vitro with 125I[]iodo-deoxy-uridine, washed and returned by intravenous injection to the sheep from which they had been collected. Twenty h later the sheep were killed and the distribution of the immunoblasts was determined by assaying the radioactivity in various organs. Immunoblasts from the efferent lymph of peripheral somatic lymph nodes (PSLN) went mainly to the spleen, lungs and other PSLN, while immunoblasts from intestinal lymph went mainly to the small gut. This ability of intestinal immunoblasts to home to the gut was demonstrated also in the sterile environment of fetuses in utero; apparently the migratory behavior of immunoblasts, like that of small lymphocytes, is not primarily "antigen-driven". A technique was devised for the collection of peripheral (i.e. afferent to the mesenteric node) intestinal lymph which was found to contain 10-20 times the numbers of small lymphocytes that occur in the peripheral lymph from other tissues. Immunoblasts from peripheral intestinal lymph also homed to the gut. The immunoglobulin content of immunoblasts was studied by making detergent extracts of lymph cells, by applying immuno-peroxidase techniques to cell films and by investigating the incorporation of 14C-labeled amino acids into immunoglobulins by immunoblasts in vitro. Immunoblasts from both somatic and intestinal lymph contained and made IgG and IgM, but many intestinal immunoblasts contained and made IgA. It is not known whether this immunoglobulin mediates the extravasation of immunoblasts into the gut. Nonetheless, there is compelling evidence that there are two major migratory pathways for lymphoid cells; one through the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the other through the somatic-splenic lymphoid tissues.

Animals↗