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J Holub

Publications and source records attributed to J Holub.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Tuberculosis in the Czech Republic in 2005].

BACKGROUND: The number of notified TB cases decreased in the year 2005, when 1007 new TB cases and relapses were reported (9.9/100,000 inhabitants). METHODS AND RESULTS: 838 cases were pulmonary TB (8.2/100,000) and from them 586 were definite pulmonary cases (5.7/100,000). The decreasing trend in TB incidence reported since 1998 has continued. The treatment of definite pulmonary cases notified in 2004 and evaluated in 2005 was effective. Treatment success was in 80.7 % of cases, but failures and interrupted treatment were only 2.5 % of cases. Only 14.7 % new cases of pulmonary TB were found by active case-finding. CONCLUSIONS: Next targets of TB control must be an active case-finding in high-risk groups and monitoring latent TB infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

European health systems and cancer care.

INTRODUCTION: Data on the survival of all incident cases collected by population-based cancer registries make it possible to evaluate the overall performance of diagnostic and therapeutic actions on cancer in those populations. EUROCARE-3 is the third round of the EUROCARE project, the largest cancer registry population based collaborative study on survival in European cancer patients. The EUROCARE-3 study analysed the survival of cancer patients diagnosed from 1990 to 1994 and followed-up to 1999. Sixty-seven cancer registries of 22 European countries characterised by differing health systems participated in the study. This paper includes essays providing brief overviews of the state and evolution of the health systems of the considered countries and comments on the relation between cancer survival in Europe and some European macro-economic and health system indicators, in the 1990s. OVERVIEW OF THE EUROPEAN HEALTH SYSTEMS: The European health systems underwent a great deal of reorganisation in the last decade; a general tendency being to facilitate expanding involvement of the private sector in health care, a process which occurred mainly in the eastern countries (i.e. the Czech Republic, Estonia, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). In contrast, organisational changes in the northern European countries (i.e. Denmark, Iceland, Finland and Sweden) tended to confirm the established public sector systems. Other countries, including the UK and some southern European countries (i.e. England, Scotland, Wales, Malta and Italy) have reduced the public role while the systems remain basically public, at least at present. Our findings clearly suggest that cancer survival (all cancer combined) is related to macro-economic variables such as the gross domestic product (GDP), the total national (public and private) expenditure on health (TNEH) and the total public expenditure on health (TPEH). We found, however, that survival is related to wealth (GDP), but only up to a certain level, after which survival continues to be related to the level of health investment (both TNEH and TPEH). According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the TNEH increased during the 1990s in all EUROCARE-3 countries, while the ratio of TPEH to TNEH reduced in all countries except Portugal. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer survival depends on the widespread application of effective diagnosis and treatment modalities, but our enquiry suggests that the availability of these depends on macro-economic determinants, including health and public health investment. Analysis of the relationship between health system organisation and cancer outcome is complicated and requires more information than is at present available. To describe cancer and cancer management in Europe, the European Cancer Health Indicator Project (EUROCHIP) has proposed a list of indicators that have to be adopted to evaluate the effects on outcome of proposed health system modifications.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed2001

Ten-vertex rhodadithiaborane chemistry:.

Neutral 8-(5-iodo-n-pentyl)-3-(eta(5)-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)-arachno-3-rhoda-7,8-dithiaundecaborane, [Rh(C(5)H(19)B(8)IS(2))(C(10)H(15))], obtained from the [arachno-7,8-S(2)B(9)H(10)](-) anion by treatment with I(CH(2))(5)I followed by [Rh(C(5)Me(5))Cl(2)](2) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,8-diaminonaphthalene, has the 11-vertex cluster geometry of [arachno-7,8-S(2)B(9)H(10)](-), but with an [Rh(C(5)Me(5))] unit in the 3-position instead of a [BH] unit, and with a -(CH(2))(5)I chain attached exo to an S atom.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Phosphacarborane chemistry: the 7,8,9,11-, 7,9,8,10- and 7,8,9,10-isomers of nido-P2C2B7H9--diphosphadicarbaborane analogues of 7,8,9,10-C4B7H11.

The reaction between the carborane arachno-4,6-C2B7H13 (1) and PCl3 in dichloromethane in the presence of a "proton sponge" (PS = 1,8-dimethylaminonaphthalene) resulted in the isolation of the eleven-vertex nido-diphosphadicarbaboranes 7,8,9,11-P2C2B7H, (2) and 3-Cl-7,8,11-P2C2B7H, (3-Cl-2) in yields of 54 and 7%, respectively. Replacement of the PS by NEt3 in the same reaction gave diphosphadicarbaboranes 2 and 3-CI-2 together with the isomeric species nido-7,9,8,10-P2C2B7H, (3) in yields of 28, 15 and 3%, respectively. The reaction between the isomeric carborane arachno-4,5-C2B7H13 (4) and PCl3 in dichloromethane in the presence of PS gave the asymmetrical isomer, nido-7,8,9,10-P2C2B7H, (5). along with the chloro derivatives 4-Cl-7,8,9,10-P2C2B7H8 (4-Cl-5) and 11-Cl-7,8,9,10-PC2B7,H8 (11-Cl-5) (yields of 21, 1 and 13%, respectively). The structures of the chlorinated derivatives 3-Cl2 and 11 -Cl-5 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, the structures of all compounds isolated were geometry-optimised and confirmed by comparison of experimental 11B chemical shifts with those calculated by the GIAO-SCF/II//RMP2(fc)/6-31G* method. The calculations also include the structure and 11B NMR shifts of the isomer nido-7,10,8,9-P2C2B7H9 (6) which has not yet been isolated.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Unusual 9-->10 rearrangement of the substituted cage carbon in the ferratricarbollide series. Synthesis of the isomeric complexes [2-eta 5-(C5H5)-10-X-closo-2,1,7,10-FeC3B8H10] (where X = H2N, MeHN, Me2N, and ButHN).

Treatment of the zwitterionic amine tricarbollides of general formula 7-L-nido-7,8,9-C3B8H10 (1) (where L = Me2HN (1c) and ButH2N (1d)) with [(eta 5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2]2 in refluxing mesitylene resulted in the formation of a mixture of the known compounds [2-(eta 5-C5H5)-9-X-closo-2,1,7,9-FeC3B8H10] (2) (where X = H2N (2a), Me2N (2c), and ButHN (2d)) and a series of new, isomeric ferratricarbollylamines [2-(eta 5-C5H5)-10-X-closo-2,1,7,10-FeC3B8H10] (3) (where X = H2N (3a), Me2N (3c), and ButHN (3d)) in moderate yields. Complexes of type 3 (where X = H2N (3a), MeHN (3b), Me2N (3c), and ButHN (3d)) were also obtained readily by heating complexes of type 2 (where X = H2N (2a), MeHN (2b), Me2N (2c), ButHN (2d), and Bu(t)(Me)N (2e)) at ca. 300 degrees C for 10 min. All the complexes of type 3 contain reactive amine functions in meta positions with respect to the metal center. The observed 9-->10 rearrangement of the substituted cluster carbon is quite unexpected and is believed to result from higher thermodynamic stability of the 10-substituted isomers. The structures of all compounds of type 3 were established by high-field NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and that of 3d was determined by an X-ray diffraction study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[1,1,2,2-]

The title compound, 1,1,2,2-tetracarbonyl-1,2-&mgr;-carbonyl-4, 11-dimethylsulfido-closo-1,2-dicobaltadodecaborane, [Co(2)(C(4)H(20)B(10)S(2))(CO)(5)], has a closo 12-vertex 1, 2-Co(2)B(10)H(8) structure with SMe(2) ligands at the exo-4- and 11-positions. The cluster displays close structural similarities to the SEt(2) analogue.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

[Hospitalization during pregnancy--the professional versus the economic viewpoint].

The high percentage of hospitalized pregnant women in the Czech Republic was analyzed form the cost benefit aspect within the framework of the current transformation of the health services which restricts in-patient care in favour of ambulatory care, as part of the developing market economy. Two internationally accepted indicators of quality of perinatal morbidity-maternal (rate of eclampsia) as well as neonatal (rate of low birth weight infants), i.e. partially preventable prenatal hospitalizations. In a comparative epidemiological study the incidence of these indicators in the Czech Republic was compared with the incidence in Hessen where there is a lower rate of prenatal hospital admissions, while there is a similar system of perinatal care and general perinatal mortality. In the Czech Republic where the cost of hospitalization of pregnant women is higher, the authors found as regards the benefit a lower incidence of the mentioned two indicators and from the economic aspect a lower cost of neonatal intensive care than in Hessen. This saving was fourfold as compared with the higher costs of prenatal hospitalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A method for studying total population morbidity in the Czech Republic in 1986].

The authors evaluate the method applied in an extensive investigation of the general morbidity of the Czech population implemented in 1986, based on treated morbidity, not combined with the method of actual medicinal examinations. The population sample was selected by one-stage selection, randomization was made by birth data (seventh day in odd month). In the investigation participated all health community and factory doctors, as well as paediatricians and adolescent medical officers in the Czech Republic. Morbidity was assessed retrospectively from the documentation of health community doctors. The investigation confirmed the hypothesis that this method can be used under local conditions for periodic examinations of the general morbidity of the population.

Czechoslovakia↗