Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Holmquist

Publications and source records attributed to J Holmquist.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Facial nerve paralysis following repair of the external ear canal with ionomeric cement.

A 20-year-old man developed a complete facial nerve paralysis following surgical reconstruction of the posterior ear canal with ionomeric cement. The paralysis developed gradually during the second and third postoperative weeks. Six weeks following the complete removal of the cement, the facial nerve recovered completely. The literature contains reports of diffusion of aluminum ions, which can reach toxic levels in tissue fluid and adjacent bone as the cement hardens. This side effect has been reported to cause an inflammatory response in the dura and brain and has led to fatalities. To our knowledge, there has been no other report of an ionomeric cement having a direct toxic effect on peripheral nerve transmission. Because ionomeric cements are used routinely in otosurgery, especially in canal reconstructions where the proximity to the facial nerve is evident, it is important to use caution when introducing ionomeric cements into near-nerve anatomic locations.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hyaluronic acid in middle ear surgery.

The efficacy of hyaluronic acid when utilized in tympanoplasty was investigated in a multicenter, randomized, prospective patient blinded study. Of the 117 patients who completed the study, a majority (76) were treated with myringoplasty, 26 with myringoplasty combined with ossiculoplasty, and 15 with ossiculoplasty alone. The patients were evaluated by the operating surgeon up to 3 months following surgery, when the final assessment was made. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 was treated with hyaluronic acid, 1 percent; group 2 with hyaluronic acid, 1.9 percent; and group 3 constituted the control where no hyaluronic acid was used at all. In the two test groups, utilizing hyaluronic acid, no gelatinous sponge was allowed to be left in the middle ear after surgery, whereas the control group was operated according to standard principles. The three groups were compared after the termination of the study as regards quality of healing and their hearing results. It could be concluded that the healing process within the middle ear and the tympanic membrane, as well as the hearing ability, was similar in all three groups. Thus no statistically significant differences could be obtained between the patient groups in which hyaluronic acid had been utilized in any concentration and the control group operated according to standard routine. This finding does not exclude, however, that hyaluronic acid might have a place in tympanoplastic surgery of today, since the long-term results were not evaluated here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Eustachian tube function and tympanoplasty.

104 ears with preoperative poor Eustachian tube (ET) function were analyzed 1-2 years after surgery in order to find out whether or not the ET function improves as a result of the surgical procedure. The majority of ears with poor preoperative ET function (77%) continue to have poor ET function after surgery as judged by tympanometry and ET function testings.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1988

Eustachian tube function in ears with cholesteatoma.

Eustachian tube (ET) function was measured before and after surgery in patients with acquired cholesteatoma. The cholesteatoma group and a group of patients without cholesteatoma but with dry tympanic membrane perforations (TM-Perf) were compared in this respect. ET function was measured by the air pressure equalization technique; if necessary, a transmyringeal tube was inserted to establish direct communication between the external ear canal and the middle ear cleft. No difference in ET function was found before and after surgery in the cholesteatoma group. The ET testing results in the cholesteatoma group were inferior to those in the group with TM-Perf. These findings are discussed in relation to proper surgical procedure in ears with cholesteatoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevalence of secretory otitis media among school children in Kuwait.

Tympanometry and otoscopy were performed by the authors on 893 school-children in Kuwait during early 1983. Based on tympanometry 31.3 per cent were found to have tympanograms indicating secretory otitis media. The otoscopic findings confirmed this high prevalence (30.0 per cent). At re-examination three months later, the point prevalence had decreased by almost 5 per cent which is well in accordance with the seasonal variation of this disease.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Eustachian tube function and healing after myringoplasty.

The function of the eustachian tube (ET) was measured preoperatively among patients with dry, chronic, tympanic membrane perforations. Tympanograms were obtained 1 to 2 years postoperatively. A significantly better healing rate was found in the group classified as "good" ET-function. Also, a significantly greater number of tympanograms with no deflections were found in the "bad" ET-function group. Thus, the ET-testing allows an identification of patients who must be followed up with extra care during the postoperative period, in order that complications such as reperforation of the tympanic membrane may be avoided.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Mastoid volume and eustachian tube function in ears with cholesteatoma.

Eustachian tube function, as measured by the pressure equalizing technique, and the mastoid air cell area were compared among ears with traumatic eardrum perforations, ears with chronic otitis media, and cholesteatomatous ears. A statistically significant difference among the three groups was found regarding the residual positive pressure after swallowing, with the poorest function found in the cholesteatoma group. Also, the ability to reduce a negative pressure was found to be inferior in the cholesteatoma group compared with the others. The mean mastoid air cell area measured on the x-ray film was smallest among ears with cholesteatoma and differed significantly among the groups. These disturbances in the active eustachian tube function as well as the volume of the middle ear cleft, including the mastoid air cell system, were found to be characteristic among ears with acquired cholesteatomas.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1985

Biochemical characterization of collagenase activity from middle ear effusions.

Collagenolytic enzyme activity has been demonstrated in middle ear effusions from patients suffering from otitis media with effusion. Collagenase activity was characterized using different biochemical techniques. The enzyme was found to have a higher specific activity in mucoid effusions and had characteristics similar to granulocyte derived collagenase from human leucocytes.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1985

Otoscopic findings in a group of schoolchildren in Kuwait.

Middle ear diseases are the most common cause of hearing impairment in children. Therefore, we found it important to conduct a study to reveal the frequency of different middle ear conditions. Using an otoscope with a magnifying lens 826 children in their second grade of primary school were examined. Various kinds of ear canal and middle ear pathology were found. An extremely high percentage (41%) of the 1,652 examined ears did show significant pathology. The different findings will be presented and comparison with other similar studies will be done.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Otoscopy and tympanometry in screening for middle ear disorders in children.

In this study tympanometry and otoscopy were conducted in 893 children in Kuwait. Otoscopic examination revealed pathologic findings in 41.7%, while 30.6% had type B or C tympanograms. Based on referral criteria commonly used in tympanometry 31% of the children should be referred for further evaluation. Using the combined otoscopic and tympanometric evaluation of the ears the referral rate could be reduced to 18%.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1984

Ear drum mobility and middle ear volume measured with tympanometry.

Tympanometry was evaluated as a measure of the volume of the air-containing space of the middle ear cleft as well as of tympanic membrane displacement in persons with intact tympanic membranes. Static compliance reduced with compliance of ear canal volume at -400 mm H2O, was determined with 0.22 kHz probe tone frequency. Further the difference in compliance obtained at +/- 400 mm H2O was regarded as a measure of ear drum mobility. The volume of the middle ear cleft including the mastoid air cell system was measured indirectly by X-ray of the ear in a lateral projection. No relation was found to exist between static compliance and mastoid air cell area measured on the X-ray film. Nor was there any relation found between ear drum mobility measured with tympanometry and size of the mastoid air cell system.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1984

Toynbee phenomenon and middle ear disease.

Most kinds of acute otitis media are caused by bacteria transported from the nasopharynx to the middle ear through the eustachian tube. In this investigation the middle ear pressure after Toynbee 's maneuver--swallowing against occluded nostrils--has been registered. Two percent of normal individuals without middle ear disease developed a positive middle ear pressure, while 56 percent of patients with middle ear disease got a positive middle ear pressure. We suggest that the positive pressure created in the nasopharynx at the time of Toynbee 's maneuver is a factor in middle ear disease.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1982

Volume measurement of middle ear and mastoid air cell system with impedance audiometry on patients with eardrum perforations.

The usefulness of the electroacoustic impedance bridge with a probe tone frequency of 0.22 kHz in the determination of the middle ear and mastoid volumes was evaluated in patients with dry eardrum perforations. The values obtained were compared with the volumes determined by an aspiration technique utilizing the gas laws. Also, a comparison was made between the impedance volumes and the size of the mastoid air cell system as measured on x-ray film in a lateral projection. A significant agreement between the two methods of direct volume determination was found. A good relationship was found between the impedance volume and the mastoid air cell area. The impedance audiometry enables a rapid and valuable estimation of the air reservoir in the middle ear in patients with eardrum perforations.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1981

The size of the mastoid air cell system among black and white children with middle ear effusion.

The incidence of middle ear disease among black American children is lower than among white children. Many factors may contribute to this difference. The possibility of an anatomical variation regarding the cellularity of the mastoid process was investigated. The size of the mastoid air cell system was measured in black and white children with and without middle ear effusion. A significantly smaller mastoid air cell system was found in the groups with middle ear disease compared to those without disease. No difference between white and black children in diseased as well as non-diseased ears could be demonstrated.

Black People↗
PubMed1981

Middle ear effusion among children after acute otitis media. A diagnostic problem.

Acute suppurative otitis media is a common childhood disease. A frequent complication is a non-purulent middle ear effusion. The diagnosis of this disturbance is by no means simple. The sensitivity and the specificity of tympanometry, stapedial reflex measurement and audiometric pure tone screening at two frequencies were compared to the oto-microscopic findings in a follow-up study among children treated for acute suppurative otitis media. Tympanometry with a pressure limit of -100 mm H2O can be used as a simple screening procedure after the initial treatment to help select those patients requiring further treatment.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗