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Biomedical subjects

J Hoffer

Publications and source records attributed to J Hoffer.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Backing up business.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1992

Ethical decision making for nurse administrators.

The authors' purpose is to offer a theoretical perspective to help the nurse administrator make ethical decisions congruent with social policies in allocating scarce resources. The goal is approached in two ways: by exploring the philosophical principle of morality on which decisions to distribute scarce resources can be made and by clarifying the principles of justice and distributive justice in two classic moral theories. Principles of distributive justice that serve as guidelines for social justice policy are delineated. A case study illustrates the dilemma.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1989

Nicotine-induced inhibition of cerebellar Purkinje neurons: specific actions of nicotine and selective blockade by mecamylamine.

The specificity and pharmacological characteristics of the effects of local administration of nicotine on cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat were examined electrophysiologically. Local application of nicotine, whether by pressure-ejection or by iontophoresis, depressed the spontaneous discharge of Purkinje neurons in a reversible and dose-dependent manner. This action could not be mimicked by local application of vehicle alone. The inhibitory effects of (-)-nicotine were several-fold more potent than that of the (+)-enantiomer. Systemic administration of the ganglion blocker mecamylamine reliably and reproducibly antagonized the nicotine-induced inhibitions of Purkinje cells whereas nicotine-induced excitation of interneurons was not altered. Local pressure-ejection of mecamylamine also antagonized the inhibitory actions of nicotine, administered by iontophoresis. Since the central effects of nicotine on behavior are stereospecific and sensitive to mecamylamine, the data in this study further support the hypothesis that the actions of nicotine on Purkinje neurons are mediated by ganglionic-like receptors. These findings also suggest that the Purkinje cell may serve as a good cellular model for studies on central pharmacology of nicotine.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type I in patients with leukemia.

Among 211 adults with leukemia who received multiple transfusions, 6 were found to be seropositive for human T-cell leukemia virus Type I (HTLV-I). Before the positive serum specimens were obtained, these patients received a mean of 14 units of red cells and 78 units of platelets. Seroconversion could be documented in three patients. None of the 6 patients seropositive for HTLV-I had a T-cell leukemia, other illnesses attributable to HTLV-I infection, or risk factors for HTLV-I infection other than transfusion: none were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. Patients with leukemia who receive multiple transfusions appear to be at risk for HTLV-I infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

Human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with leukemia.

Eighteen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients were found among 211 previously treated adult patients with a variety of leukemias who had been multiply transfused before April 1985. Patients known to be homosexual or intravenous drug users were excluded from this study. The spouse of one HIV-seropositive patient became HIV infected and subsequently developed the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Patients with leukemia who were multiply transfused before the availability of screening of blood products for HIV antibody should be counseled regarding their individual risks of HIV infection and the risk to sexual contacts.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Nutritional status of Quebec Indians.

The nutritional status of more than 80% of adult Indians in three bands in a remote area of Quebec was studied during the summer of 1978 and the findings were compared with the results of the 1970 and 1972 Nutrition Canada national and Indian surveys in which the Indian participation rate was 30%. In the present study, hematocrit, serum iron, transferrin saturation, serum vitamin E, serum folic acid, and urine thiamin excretion patterns showed only minor differences from Nutrition Canada's national and Indian survey. Serum total protein values were slightly higher in Indians than in the national sample, consistent with previous findings. A higher percentage of subjects had low serum concentrations of vitamin A and ascorbic acid than in the previous Indian survey, but not to such a marked degree.

Adult↗