Biomedical subjects

J Hodson

Publications and source records attributed to J Hodson.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Pinch strength norms for 5-to 12-year-olds.

Functional performance evaluations and intervention planning for children and youth is informed by comparisons of their performance to normative standards. The literature contains little data regarding the developmental norms for children on pinch strength. A random sample of 414 children was assessed on three separate measures of pinch strength. Pad-to-pad, three-jaw chuck, and lateral pinch were evaluated using the B & L Engineering pinch gauge while utilizing the standard positioning recommended by the American Society of Hand Therapists. The results were divided into distinct categories for 5-to 12-year-olds. The resulting normative data provide standards for pinch strength in children to be used in the clinical setting.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2000

Headache at menopause and in hormone replacement therapy users.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of headache in menopausal women and to assess factors that may influence headache at menopause and in women using hormone replacement therapy (HRT). METHOD: A questionnaire survey was performed on 1000 consecutive women attending Leicester Royal Infirmary menopause clinics. Weight, blood pressure and smoking status were also recorded. RESULTS: Recurrent headache was common and reported by 850 women; 240 women reported a history of migraine. Most women (n = 617) had headaches more frequently than once monthly and 520 women had had at least one headache in the preceding week. Stress was the most common trigger factor (n = 704). A group of 'hormone-sensitive' women was identified (n = 259) whose headaches became worse at menopause and showed variable response to HRT. Logistic regression models showed reported history of migraine and more difficulty coping with stress to be strong predictors for worse headache at menopause and with HRT. Headache improved with age and increasing diastolic blood pressure. No other significant factors were identified. CONCLUSION: Headache is a substantial problem at menopause and in HRT users. It is difficult to predict which women will develop worse headaches at menopause and with HRT, but a history of migraine and reduced coping with stress were significant factors in this group.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1991

Children with mild learning difficulties in an integrated and in a special school: comparisons of behaviour, teasing and teachers' attitudes.

Comparisons were made between children and teachers in two schools, one a mainstream school with an integrated resource unit for children with mild learning difficulties, the other a special school. Seventeen children with mild learning difficulties from the special school and ten children with mild learning difficulties from the mainstream school, matched with ten mainstream children for age and sex, took part in the study. Observations were made on children in the playground and their social proximity and positive and negative behaviours were categorised. Self-reports on teasing, bullying and friendships were also collected from children in the mainstream school. Teachers from both schools completed a questionnaire on their attitudes to integration. There was no difference in amount of social contact children with mild learning difficulties had in the mainstream and special school nor were there significant differences in total positive and negative behaviours. Mainstream children, however, played significantly less frequently with children with mild learning difficulties and this was more marked in the older than the younger children. Self-reports from children in the integrated school indicated that the children with mild learning difficulties were teased/bullied more and made fewer friends than the mainstream children. Teachers in the mainstream were more positive and teachers in the special school were more negative towards integration. The special school teachers' expectations fitted more with the findings of the study than did those of the mainstream teachers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1986

Hemorrhagic focal bacterial nephritis: findings on gray-scale sonography and CT.

Five patients with acute focal bacterial nephritis and hematuria had sonographic and CT findings atypical for renal infection. Sonographically, each presented with an echogenic focus in the renal parenchyma. Noncontrast CT images showed an area of increased density in the corresponding segment of the kidney in three patients, mixed high and low density in one patient, and low density alone in the remaining patient. It is proposed that these appearances result from the presence of hemorrhage at different stages, associated with focal infection. Venous compromise is suggested as the etiology.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Acute focal bacterial nephritis (acute lobar nephronia).

Acute lobar nephronia (ALN) refers to a renal mass caused by acute focal infection without liquefaction. The radiological findings in 12 patients with 13 episodes of ALN are described. A characteristic combination of uroradiological findings is (a) a relatively sonolucent mass which disrupts corticomedullary definition on ultrasonography; (b) a solid-appearing mass on other uroradiological studies; and (c) a positive gallium image in the region of the mass, which may be associated with increased activity elsewhere in the same or opposite kidney. The angiographic finding of significant venous narrowing within the mass associated with only minor arteriographic abnormalities is characteristic of ALN as well.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1978

Reflux nephropathy.

The whole subject of reflux nephropathy, which may affect 1 in every 300 of the white female population, and is the second most common disease of the kidney in the young, is still bedevilled by a lack of information regarding many of its important aspects, and the absence of any coordinated action to obtain it. What is required above all else is a means of its early detection in very young children, so that it may be prevented, at least in its more severe forms. Its financial cost can only be surmised, but the treatment of its end-stages is likely to be in the region of a hundred million dollars a year. The cost in wastage involving, as it does, young people, particularly females, is incalculable.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976