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J Hochberg

Publications and source records attributed to J Hochberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Stabilization of hand phalangeal fractures by external fixator.

The method of external fixation of phalangeal fractures provides a solution for extensive hand injuries where internal fixation may be prohibited due to compromised skin coverage or bone loss. Early mobilization of adjacent joints is possible with these devices and is fundamental for the preservation of hand function. This paper describes the proper selection of cases and the versatility of its application. Representative clinical uses are summarized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of calcified cephalohematoma.

This is a case report concerning the surgical treatment of a calcified cephalohematoma, which was possibly caused by an intrauterine fetal monitor. This is the first report of this particular entity as a complication of an intrauterine fetal monitor. As far as we can determine, there is no detailed information available about surgical decision making or surgical techniques for removing such lesions. We operated because of the size and persistence of the lesion. We developed a procedure in which we used the bony cap of the cephalohematoma for a cranioplasty, securing it with microplates.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1992

Inferring articulation and recognizing gestures from acoustics with a neural network trained on x-ray microbeam data.

This paper describes a method for inferring articulatory parameters from acoustics with a neural network trained on paired acoustic and articulatory data. An x-ray microbeam recorded the vertical movements of the lower lip, tongue tip, and tongue dorsum of three speakers saying the English stop consonants in repeated Ce syllables. A neural network was then trained to map from simultaneously recorded acoustic data to the articulatory data. To evaluate learning, acoustics from the training set were passed through the neural network. To evaluate generalization, acoustics from speakers or consonants excluded from the training set were passed through the network. The articulatory trajectories thus inferred were a good fit to the actual movements in both the learning and generalization conditions, as judged by root-mean-square error and correlation. Inferred trajectories were also matched to templates of lower lip, tongue tip, and tongue dorsum release gestures extracted from the original data. This technique correctly recognized from 94.4% to 98.9% of all gestures in the learning and cross-speaker generalization conditions, and 75% of gestures underlying consonants excluded from the training set. In addition, greater regularity was observed for movements of articulators that were critical in the formation of each consonant.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Immediate muscle flap coverage for repair of cardiac rupture associated with mediastinitis.

Sternal wound infection with mediastinitis is a dreaded complication of cardiac surgery. Even more devastating is perforation of the heart or great vessels secondary to advanced mediastinitis. The exsanguinating hemorrhage and presence of extensive infection usually lead to a poor salvage rate in these patients. Citations in the English literature of successful management of cardiac rupture associated with mediastinitis are, as expected, scare. Recently, the capability for immediate muscle flap coverage in the repair of associated rupture of the heart secondary to active mediastinal infection has been discussed in two reports. This article presents another report, in which bilateral pectoralis major muscle flaps were used successfully in salvage of a patient who sustained rupture of the right ventricle after debridement of an extensively purulent sternal wound and mediastinum.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Geometrical illusions in solid objects under ordinary viewing conditions.

The Müller-Lyer and Ponzo illusions were obtained under free binocular viewing of three-dimensional objects, and the function relating magnitude of illusion to fin angle, characteristic of converging-line versions of the Müller-Lyer pattern, was closely paralleled by volumetric (three-cone), line-free objects (but not with an erect, planar "walk-through" construction and moving observers). Illusions cannot be dismissed as artifacts of static, impoverished viewing, therefore, but must be explained within any general theory of perception. Perspective explanations have difficulties with such three-dimensional manifestations, and seem completely inapplicable to our further finding that approximately the same amount of illusion occurred in objects and patterns with no oblique lines or edges. Confusion or averaging theories, not themselves tested here, remain unthreatened by these data.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Muscle and musculocutaneous flaps of the foot.

This article describes the most common options available for reconstruction of the foot. The foot is considered a group of different regions, and it is helpful to classify it into four different anatomic and functional areas. The planning and final outcome of the reconstruction are based on the type of flap available for a specific defect in one of these four territories.

Foot↗
PubMed1989

Necessary considerations for a theory of form perception: a theoretical and empirical reply to Boselie and Leeuwenberg (1986)

Boselie and Leeuwenberg (1986) recently defended their version of the minimum principle, called structural information theory or SIT, against a varied set of criticisms. Two of the most notable of these criticisms are (i) that perceptual organization can proceed as a piecemeal, rather than as a global, process (as demonstrated by partially-biased Necker cubes and 'impossible' figures), and (ii) that perceptual organization is influenced by subjective variables as well as by stimulus variables (Peterson and Hochberg 1983). The second criticism was acknowledged by Boselie and Leeuwenberg but not addressed. The first criticism was addressed by the introduction of two new variables into SIT in order to argue that the perceived organization of partially-biased Necker cubes and impossible figures can be predicted by a global coding scheme, thereby supporting rather than refuting global minimum principles. It is argued here that the criticisms cannot be dismissed by this rebuttal, which is focused narrowly on single examples rather than on the general principles embodied by the demonstrations. The implications of piecemeal perception and subjective mediation are spelled out, and both old and new data showing that the applicability of global minimum principles must be reexamined, not merely defended, are discussed. Finally, the argument for a richer, more interacting, theory of form perception is presented.

Attention↗
PubMed1987

Piecemeal organization and cognitive components in object perception: perceptually coupled responses to moving objects.

In three experiments, observers who were instructed to perceive one of two alternative depth arrangements of a three-dimensional wire cube fixated near one of two intersections that differed in the degree to which they specified the cube's veridical depth organization. In order to separate perceptual effects from experimenter effects, we measured indirect reports about variables perceptually coupled to perceived depth rather than direct reports about perceived depth. In all three experiments, reversal durations at the two intersections differed, even though the two were parts of a single object. In addition, reversals varied with viewers' intentions. Thus, the unit of perceptual organization may be smaller than the entire object, and viewers' intentions can influence the perception of real moving objects. In additional analyses, reversal durations were separated into two components: nonelective instability and malleability; the question of whether these two components of ambiguity are functionally distinct could not be decided.

Depth Perception↗
PubMed1985

Day Center experience in rehabilitation of craniocerebral injured patients.

The Day Center for head-injured patients specialises in treating patients at later stages following brain trauma. The goal of therapy is social reintegration as measured by the quality of family and social life and by actual occupational status. At this later stage, a year or more since injury, the cognitive and behavioral aspects of brain damage determine the outcome of rehabilitation. The therapy aims at preserving as well as improving patients' overall performance including family life and therefore their families are treated as well. As the patients are not hospitalised at this stage, the asset of this model is that it constitutes an arresting factor in preventing regressive attitudes acquired during hospitalisation which is a sheltered framework. The Day Center System encourages the patients to cope "in vivo" with reality, while the therapy given strives at providing them with the instruments needed for coping in actual life situations. We present here our experience in 38 patients admitted consecutively during the course of a year. The results show that the therapeutic milieu was of great help in preserving as well as improvement patients' performance; furthermore, it is evident that some improvement was achieved even after several years post trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap to restore elbow flexion and axillary burn contracture: a report on two pediatric patients.

The transposition of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap is described in 2 pediatric patients: one with complete loss of elbow flexion, and the other with severe axillary burn contracture. A simplified, secure, one-stage reconstruction with the myocutaneous flap resulted in an excellent substitute of biceps function and skin coverage. The axillary reconstruction allowed immediate full over-the-head abduction, without recurrence of the contracture. In any nonforcible shoulder activity, the function of the latissimus dorsi muscle will not be missed, because of the numerous substitute muscles.

Axilla↗
PubMed1979

Skin abnormalities of the back in diastematomyelia.

The presence of congenital skin abnormalities on the back may be associated with a serious underlying spinal anomaly, diastematomyelia. The significance of the progressive development of neurological deficits, due to the presence of a bony or cartilaginous spur in the spinal cord, is stressed. An awareness of this condition should lead to an early diagnosis with a neurological evaluation and, if necessary, prophylactic surgery before irreversible nerve damage develops.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The effect of outside work on the menopausal woman.

1,148 women between the ages of 45 and 54 from five different ethnic groups in Israel, representing a traditional-modern continuum were investigated with regard to the relationship of their menopausal symptomatology with their work situations now and what they were when the women were aged 40. A relatively low symptomatology was found among European Jews, North African Jews and Arabs in the peri- or postmenopause where their work load was unchanged or somewhat more than before. On the other hand, the Persian Jews showed a remarkable contrast, namely: those who had never worked at all outside the home suffered less than all the others in all the stages of menopause. These results cannot be explained only by the socioeconomic differences between the five groups, as the North Africans and Persians both belong to the lower urban socioeconomic class and the Arabs to the low rural socioeconomic class, with the Europeans belonging to the middle urban class. Nor can the results be explained merely by the difference in modernity and traditionalism. The matter is more complicated, and additional factors such as physical health, marital relationships and general stability are almost certainly involved. The advice to "go out and work" which is so often given by medical practitioners to menopausal women is thus not always correct, and should not be given automatically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Perceptual analysis of moving patterns.

Configurations of moving points are often perceptually analyzed into relative and common vectors that are different from the actual motions. If a movement configuration is abruptly replaced by a test point whose objective velocity continues the apparent (but illusory) course of one of the original points, observers perceive that course as uninterrupted and colinear. This finding provides a quantitative measure of the vector extraction phenomenon and was used to show that neither of the two current models adequately fits that phenomenon.

Discrimination, Psychological↗