Biomedical subjects

J Hinz

Publications and source records attributed to J Hinz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Regional filling characteristics of the lungs in mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to determine regional pulmonary filling characteristics in 20 mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury. METHODS: Regional filling characteristics were calculated from tracings of regional tidal volumes vs. global tidal volumes measured by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). These plots were fitted to a polynomial function of the second degree. Regional polynomial coefficients of the second degree characterized the curve linearity of the plots. Near-zero values of the polynomial coefficient indicated a homogeneous increase in regional tidal volumes during the whole inspiration. Positive values hinted at initial low regional tidal volume change suggesting lung volume recruitment. Negative values indicated late low regional tidal volume change implying hyperinflation of this lung region. RESULTS: We found a broad heterogeneity of regional lung filling characteristics. The minimal regional polynomial coefficients varied from -2.80 to -0.56 (median -1.16), while the maximal regional polynomial coefficients varied from 0.58 to 3.65 (median 1.41). CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of regional filling characteristics by EIT may be a helpful tool to adjust the respiratory settings during mechanical ventilation to optimize lung recruitment and to avoid overdistension. It applies a non-pressure-related assessment to the mechanics of lung inflation and gives a view of the real problems underlying ventilatory strategies dependent on global characteristics.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Imaging pathologic pulmonary air and fluid accumulation by functional and absolute EIT.

The increasing use of EIT in clinical research on severely ill lung patients requires a clarification of the influence of pathologic impedance distributions on the validity of the resulting tomograms. Significant accumulation of low-conducting air (e.g. pneumothorax or emphysema) or well-conducting liquid (e.g. haematothorax or atelectases) may conflict with treating the imaging problem as purely linear. First, we investigated the influence of stepwise inflation and deflation by up to 300 ml of air and 300 ml of Ringer solution into the pleural space of five pigs on the resulting tomograms during ventilation at constant tidal volume. Series of EIT images representing relative impedance changes were generated on the basis of a modified Sheffield back projection algorithm and ventilation distribution was displayed as functional (f-EIT) tomograms. In addition, a modified simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) was applied to quantify the resistivity distribution on an absolute level scaled in Omega m (a-EIT). Second, we applied these two EIT techniques on four intensive care patients with inhomogeneous air and fluid distribution and compared the EIT results to computed tomography (CT) and to a reference set of intrathoracic resistivity data of 20 healthy volunteers calculated by SIRT. The results of the animal model show that f-EIT based on back projection is not disturbed by the artificial pneumo- or haematothorax. Application of SIRT allows reliable discrimination and detection of the location and amplitude of pneumo- or haematothorax. These results were supported by the good agreement between the electrical impedance tomograms and CT scans on patients and by the significant differences of regional resistivity data between patients and healthy volunteers.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

Regional pulmonary pressure volume curves in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure measured by electrical impedance tomography.

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized, that in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure, regional pressure volume curves differ markedly from conventional global pressure volume curves of the whole lung. METHODS: In nine mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure during an inspiratory low-flow manoeuvre, conventional global pressure volume curves were registered by spirometry and regional pressure volume curves in up to 912 regions were assessed simultaneously using electrical impedance tomography. We compared the lower (LIP) and upper (UIP) inflection points obtained from the conventional global pressure volume curve and regional pressure volume curves. RESULTS: We identified from the conventional global pressure volume curves LIP [3-11 (8) cmH2O] in eight patients and UIP [31-39 (33) cmH2O] in three patients. Using electrical impedance tomography (EIT), LIP [3-18 (8) cmH2O] in 54-264 (180) regions and UIP [23-42 (36) cmH2O] in 149-324 (193) regions (range and median) were identified. Lung mechanics measured by conventional global pressure volume curves are similar to the median of regional pressure volume curves obtained by EIT within the tomographic plane. However, single regional pressure volume curves differ markedly with a broad heterogeneity of lower and upper inflection points. CONCLUSION: Lower and upper inflection points obtained from conventional global pressure volume curves are not representative of all regions of the lungs.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2006

Outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the intensive care units of a university hospital.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics of patients who suffered cardiac arrest in our ICUs and to identify those factors influencing outcome after resuscitation following cardiac arrest. We reviewed the records of all patients who underwent CPR in the two ICUs at the Georg-August University Hospital Goettingen, Germany from 1 January, 1999 to 31 December, 2003. During the study period 169 patients underwent CPR and 80 of the 169 patients survived to hospital discharge, giving a survival to hospital discharge rate of 47.3%. The initial monitored rhythm recorded at the time of arrest was asystole in 99 (58.6%) patients, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in 59 (34.9%) and pulseless electrical activity in 7 (4.1%) patients. The respective survival rates were 46 (54.8%), 31 (36.9%) and 5 (6.0%) to hospital discharge. Of the 80 patients that survived to hospital discharge 75 (93.8%) achieved good cerebral recovery (CPC 1 or 2) and were alert and fully oriented on discharge; 4 patients (5.0%) were severely disabled (CPC 3), while 1 (1.2%) remained unconscious and was reported dead five days after discharged to another local hospital. Illness severity as assessed by SAPS II score on admission was 38.8 +/- 16.0. None of our patients with > 40 SAPS II score 24 hours after CPR survived to be discharged from the ICU. Our study showed that nearly half the patients that had cardiac arrest in our hospital ICUs had a favourable outcome despite initial rhythms that are traditionally associated with a poor outcome. This confirms that good results are achievable in these groups of patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Recruitment maneuvers for patients with lung failure. When, how, whether or not?].

Recruitment maneuvers have been proposed as an adjunct to mechanical ventilation to re-expand collapsed lung regions. Although, in most patients recruitment maneuvers improve gas exchange a controversial discussion on recruitment maneuvers remains. This article reviews the physiological and patho-physiological backgrounds of recruitment maneuvers. The different recruitment maneuvers and possible monitoring are discussed as well as the influence of recruitment on other organs. Furthermore, we discuss whether recruitment maneuvers are useful if patients with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome are ventilated with a lung-protective strategy.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Effects of mivacurium on the diaphragm evaluated by cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents have differential effects on the diaphragm and skeletal muscles. We employed a new method to study the effects of mivacurium on the diaphragm and compared the results obtained with this method with published data. METHODS: Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and alfentanil and the trachea was intubated after topical anaesthesia. Contractions of the diaphragm were induced by cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves and quantified by measuring airway pressure responses. The neuromuscular effects on skeletal muscles were measured by acceleromyography of the adductor pollicis muscle. Mivacurium (0.15 mg kg(-1)) was injected and neuromuscular responses were recorded until the effects had waned. RESULTS: Eleven male and 10 female patients (ASA I-II; 57 +/- 16 yr; 78 +/- 13 kg; mean +/- standard deviation) participated. Median maximal reduction of twitch response was less (P < 0.05) for the diaphragm (89%) than for the adductor pollicis (100%). Time to 25% recovery was shorter for the diaphragm than for the adductor pollicis (8.8 +/- 2.2 min vs. 22.6 +/- 5.0 min, P < 0.05). The difference between the recovery index of the diaphragm (7.3 min (3.6-18.4)) and the adductor pollicis (8.2 min (4.4-20.9) (median (range)) just missed our chosen level of statistical significance (P = 0.06). The recovery time to train-of-four 0.8 was shorter for the diaphragm (median and 95% confidence interval 25.1 +/- 10.2 min) than for the adductor pollicis (median and 95% confidence interval 37.5 +/- 9.4 min, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of the clinical effect of mivacurium on the diaphragm is markedly shorter than on the adductor pollicis muscles but there was only a small difference in the recovery index of the two muscles. These effects and the time courses determined with the new method closely resemble the results obtained with different methods in other studies.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Effect of positive end-expiratory-pressure on regional ventilation in patients with acute lung injury evaluated by electrical impedance tomography.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: For the treatment of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury bedside measurements of regional lung ventilation should be considered for optimizing ventilatory settings. The aim was to investigate the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on regional ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients at the bedside by electrical impedance tomography. METHODS: Eight mechanically ventilated patients were included in the study. PEEP levels were increased from 0 to 5, 10, 15 mbar and back to 0 mbar. Regional ventilation in 912 regions of the thorax was investigated at each PEEP by electrical impedance tomography. The obtained regions were divided in four groups: none (none and poorly ventilated regions including chest wall and mediastinum), bad, moderate and well-ventilated regions. RESULTS: Increasing the PEEP stepwise from 0 to 15 mbar decreased the non-ventilated regions (none: 540 regions at PEEP 0 and 406 regions at PEEP 15). In contrast, the other regions increased (bad: 316 regions at PEEP 0 and 380 regions at PEEP 15; moderate: 40 regions at PEEP 0 and 100 regions at PEEP 15; well: 0 region at PEEP 0 and 34 regions at PEEP 15 (median values)) indicating an improvement of regional ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing PEEP in mechanically ventilated patients reduces none ventilated regions (atelectasis). Furthermore, it leads to a shift from none and bad ventilated regions to moderately and well-ventilated regions. Electrical impedance tomography is a bedside technique and might be an alternative to computed tomography scan to assess aerated lung regions.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of rocuronium on the diaphragm, musculus adductor pollicis and orbicularis oculi in two groups of different age].

OBJECTIVE: Onset time and recovery from non depolarising neuromuscular blockade depends on the tested muscle and is influenced by the age of the patient. This study compares the neuromuscular blocking effect of rocuronium on the diaphragm, adductor pollicis and orbicularis oculi muscle in young and elderly patients. METHODS: After institutional ethics committee approval and written informed consent, 20 adult patients (ASA I - II), age 18 - 59 and > 65, have been included. Neuromuscular response was measured by accelerography for the adductor pollicis and orbicularis oculi muscle. Monitoring of the diaphragm consisted of measurement of the airway pressure against an occluded tracheal tube during magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation. Onset time and recovery were measured after injection of 0.6 mg/kg Rocuronium. RESULTS: The adductor pollicis had the fastest onset time ( young 2.3 min, old 2.2 min), followed by diaphragm ( young 3.6 min, old 3.4 min) and orbicularis oculi muscle ( young 3.7 min, old 4.8 min). There was a complete blockade of the diaphragm in 50 % of all patients (Adductor pollicis 100 %, orbicularis oculi 40 %). Neuromuscular recovery, recovery index and TOF 0.8 differed significantly between young and elderly patients. Onset of recovery was earlier at the diaphragm ( young 15.9 min, old 22.0 min) compared to the peripheral muscles (adductor pollicis young 25.6 min, old 37.9 min, orbicularis oculi young 23.8 min, old 27.5 min). CONCLUSION: 2 fould ED95 of rocuronium often results in an incomplete neuromuscular blockade of the diaphragm. Therefore monitoring of the peripheral muscles in patients given a single dose of rocuronium often overestimates the degree of diaphragmatic relaxation, but is a save predictor of recovery. Especially in elderly patients were prolonged neuromuscular blockade should be expected, a neuromuscular monitoring is recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Hemodynamic effects of spontaneous breathing in the post-operative period.

BACKGROUND: During mechanical ventilatory support, spontaneous breathing has been linked to improved hemodynamics. These findings may be explained by a decrease in intrathoracic pressure which may improve venous return to the heart. Such a mechanism should result in a dose-response relation between the amount of spontaneous breathing and an increase in the global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and cardiac output (Q(t)). METHODS: To test this hypothesis, 15 patients were studied after major elective surgery during weaning from mechanical ventilation using bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP). BIPAP allows unrestricted spontaneous breathing during every phase of the respiratory cycle. Thus, ventilatory support was modified by changing the mechanical respiratory rate only, whereas inspiratory airway pressure and PEEP were kept constant. GEDV and Q(t) were measured by transpulmonary thermodilution. RESULTS: GEDV (P = 0.055), stroke volume (P = 0.027) and subsequently also Q(t) (P < 0.001) increased when spontaneous breathing increased. In contrast, no difference was observed for central venous pressure (P = 0.19). CONCLUSION: The beneficial hemodynamic effects of spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilatory support can partially be explained by improved venous return to the heart which increases stroke volume and Q(t).

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Assessment of diaphragmatic function with cervical magnetic stimulation in critically ill patients.

The objective of this study was to evaluate a non-volitional measurement to assess diaphragmatic function in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in a prospective pilot interventional clinical trial. The study was conducted in an 18-bed postoperative intensive care unit based at a university hospital. Patients were prospectively assigned to two groups. Group 1 consisted of eight patients with ventilator weaning failure. Group 2 consisted of eight intubated and ventilated patients who were studied shortly after major surgery and were successfully extubated there-after The twitch pressure response after cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves was measured at the endotracheal tube at different PEEP levels. In group 2 the twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure, defined as the difference between twitch gastric and twitch oesophageal pressure was also evaluated. In group 1 the mean twitch pressure at the endotracheal tube on PEEP 0, 5 and 10 cmH2O was 5.2, 4.5 and 2.6 cmH2O: In group 2 this was significantly higher (15.1 cmH2O on PEEP 0 and 12.2 cmH2O on PEEP 5). A good correlation was found between twitch diaphragmatic pressure and twitch pressure at the endotracheal tube (r2 = 0.96) and between twitch oesophageal pressure and twitch pressure at the endotracheal tube (r2 = 0.98). Patients with weaning failure have significantly lower twitch pressure at the endotracheal tube suggesting diaphragmatic dysfunction. Twitch pressure at the endotracheal tube may be a useful parameter to screen for diaphragmatic dysfunction in intubated critically ill patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

End-expiratory lung impedance change enables bedside monitoring of end-expiratory lung volume change.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of lung volume changes on end-expiratory lung impedance change (ELIC) in mechanically ventilated patients, since we hypothesized that ELIC may be a suitable parameter to monitor lung volume change at the bedside. DESIGN: Clinical trial on patients requiring mechanical ventilation. SETTINGS: Intensive care units of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Ten mechanically ventilated patients were included in the study. INTERVENTION: Patients were ventilated in volume-controlled mode with constant flow and respiratory rate. In order to induce changes in the end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), PEEP levels were increased from 0 mbar to 5 mbar, 10 mbar, and 15 mbar. At each PEEP level EELV was measured by an open-circuit nitrogen washout manoeuvre and ELIC was measured simultaneously using Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) with sixteen electrodes placed on the circumference of the thorax and connected with an EIT device. Cross-sectional electro-tomographic measurements of the thorax were performed at each PEEP level, and a modified Sheffield back-projection was used to reconstruct images of the lung impedance. ELIC was calculated as the average of the end-expiratory lung impedance change. RESULTS. Increasing PEEP stepwise from 0 mbar to 15 mbar resulted in an linear increase of EELV and ELIC according to the equation: y =0.98 x -0.68, r(2)=0.95. CONCLUSION: EIT is a simple bedside technique which enables monitor lung volume changes during ventilatory manoeuvres such as PEEP changes.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Neuromuscular effects of rapacuronium on the diaphragm and skeletal muscles in anaesthetized patients using cervical magnetic stimulation for stimulating the phrenic nerves.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents have a shorter duration of action on the diaphragm than on skeletal muscles. It was to be tested if this also held true for rapacuronium, a short-acting, amidosteroid non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, lately withdrawn from the market, using a novel technique for stimulating the diaphragm and assessing its function. METHODS: Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg kg(-1) and remifentanil 1 microg kg(-1), and the trachea was intubated after topical anaesthesia. Rapacuronium was given at a dose of 1.5 mg kg(-1). The diaphragm was stimulated by cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves (2 Tesla, single coil) and airway pressure responses were measured at the endotracheal tube connector. The neuromuscular effects at the adductor pollicis and orbicularis oculi muscles were measured by acceleromyography. RESULTS: Fifteen males and five females (ASA I and II; 27 +/- 8 yr; 73 +/- 13kg; mean +/- SD) were recruited. Median maximal relaxation was less (P < 0.01) for the diaphragm (89%) than for the adductor pollicis or orbicularis oculi muscles (each 100%). The time to 25% recovery was shorter for the diaphragm than for adductor pollicis or orbicularis oculi (7.5 +/- 3.1 versus 14.1 +/- 3.7 and 15.1 +/- 3.5 min, respectively, P < 0.01). Recovery from 25 to 75% was identical for the diaphragm and adductor pollicis (9.4 +/- 2.9 versus 9.1 +/- 3.5 min), but longer for orbicularis oculi (13.4 +/- 4.2 min, P < 0.01). The median recovery time to TOF0.8 was shorter for the diaphragm (23.9 min) than for the adductor pollicis or orbicularis oculi muscles (31.5 and 28.4 min, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As with other non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, the duration of the clinical effect of rapacuronium was shorter for the diaphragm than for skeletal muscle. The recovery index was identical for the diaphragm and adductor pollicis.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Gravity effects on regional lung ventilation determined by functional EIT during parabolic flights.

Gravity-dependent changes of regional lung function were studied during normogravity, hypergravity, and microgravity induced by parabolic flights. Seven healthy subjects were followed in the right lateral and supine postures during tidal breathing, forced vital capacity, and slow expiratory vital capacity maneuvers. Regional 1) lung ventilation, 2) lung volumes, and 3) lung emptying behavior were studied in a transverse thoracic plane by functional electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The results showed gravity-dependent changes of regional lung ventilation parameters. A significant effect of gravity on regional functional residual capacity with a rapid lung volume redistribution during the gravity transition phases was established. The most homogeneous functional residual capacity distribution was found at microgravity. During vital capacity and forced vital capacity in the right lateral posture, the decrease in lung volume on expiration was larger in the right lung region at all gravity phases. During tidal breathing, the differences in ventilation magnitudes between the right and left lung regions were not significant in either posture or gravity phase. A significant nonlinearity of lung emptying was determined at normogravity and hypergravity. The pattern of lung emptying was homogeneous during microgravity.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Determination of functional residual capacity (FRC) by multibreath nitrogen washout in a lung model and in mechanically ventilated patients. Accuracy depends on continuous dynamic compensation for changes of gas sampling delay time.

OBJECTIVE: Validation of an open-circuit multibreath nitrogen washout technique (MBNW) for measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC). The accuracy of FRC measurement with and without continuous viscosity correction of mass spectrometer delay time (TD) relative to gas flow signal and the influence of baseline FIO2 was investigated. DESIGN: Laboratory study and measurements in mechanically ventilated patients. SETTING: Experimental laboratory and anesthesiological intensive care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: 16 postoperative patients with normal pulmonary function (NORM), 8 patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and 6 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were included. INTERVENTIONS: Change of FIO2 from baseline to 1.0. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: FRC was determined by MBNW using continuous viscosity correction of TD(TDdyn), a constant TD based on the viscosity of a calibration gas mixture (TD0) and a constant TD referring to the mean viscosity between onset and end of MBNW (TDmean). Using TDdyn, the mean deviation between 15 measurements of three different lung model FRCs (FRCmeasured) and absolute volumes (FRCmodel) was 0.2%. For baseline FIO2 ranging from 0.21 to 0.8, the mean deviation between FRCmeasured and FRCmodel was -0.8%. However, depending on baseline FIO2, the calculation of FRC using TDmean and TD0 increased the mean deviation between FRCmeasured and FRCmodel to 2-4% and 8-12%, respectively. In patients (n = 30) the average repeatability coefficient was 6.0%. FRC determinations with TDmean and TD0 were 0.8-13.3% and 4.2-23.9% (median 2.7% and 8.7%) smaller than those calculated with TDdyn. CONCLUSION: A dynamic viscosity correction of TD improves the accuracy of FRC determinations by MBNW considerably, when gas concentrations are measured in a sidestream. If dynamic TD correction cannot be performed, the use of constant TDmean might be suitable. However, in patient measurements this can cause an FRC underestimation of up to 13%.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[Prevention of extravasation necroses as a complication following intravenous cytostatic drug therapy. Results of an open pilot study].

Extravasation of some cytostatics applied i.v. can often cause local edema with skin redness, thrombophlebitis and not infrequently skin necrosis with chronic ulcera. Local treatment is usually ineffective, and so far surgical excision of ulcera is the only curative approach. Tetrachlorodecaoxygen anion complex (TCDO) has shown high activity in healing chronic leg ulcera, by increasing pO2 in hypoxic wound tissue and stimulating phagocytosis as one of anti-inflammatory processes To study the local activity of TCDO in tissue necrosis and chronic ulcera caused by cytostatic extravasation, 23 patients with local skin complications underwent local treatment with TCDO, made as isotonic water solution. Seventeen patients experienced only local edema with redness, while 6 patients showed deep chronic ulcera. All the skin changes were complications after i.v. doxorubicin, cisplatinum, dactinomycin or vinblastine application. The treatments with TCDO followed 1-3 months after ulcera appeared, while skin inflammations were treated 1-8 days after they occurred. TCDO was applied locally twice a day by impregnated cotton tissue for 4-6 weeks. Evaluable were only measurable lesions. From 17 patients with only skin inflammation 3 patients obtained complete resolution, 8 partial resolution and 6 had stable lesions. Thus, overall response was recorded in 65% of patients (11/17). In 6 patients with deep chronic ulcera a longer treatment (6 weeks) was needed, and in 5 of them the complete epithelization and resolution occurred. One patient had a partial wound healing. No side effects of treatment were observed. The effect of locally applied TCDO in chronic ulcera seems to be preferable to surgical treatment. A controlled study will show the exact therapeutic value of this new anti-inflammatory compound.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Serum copper concentration as an index of lung injury in rats exposed to hemithorax irradiation.

Serum copper concentration was evaluated as an index of lung injury (monitored by lung prostacyclin production) with respect to the effects of time, dose, dose fractionation, and penicillamine dose modification in rats irradiated to the right hemithorax. Both lung PGI2 production and serum Cu concentration increased with increasing 60Co gamma-ray dose in animals sacrificed 2 or 6 months postirradiation, and the highest values for both responses were observed at the latter autopsy time. At 2 months postirradiation, the elevations in lung PGI2 production and serum Cu concentration also were spared similarly when total radiation doses were delivered in five equal daily fractions as compared to single doses. Finally, the ability of D-penicillamine to ameliorate the radiation-induced hyperproduction of PGI2 by rat lung was accompanied by an attenuation of the dose-dependent increase in serum Cu concentration at 2 months postirradiation in the drug-treated rats. In contrast, serum iron concentration was independent of time, dose, and penicillamine. At 2 months after irradiation, there also was a dose-dependent increase in lung hydroxyproline (collagen) content, the magnitude of which correlated closely with serum copper concentration in individual animals. Thus serum copper concentration is an accurate and minimally invasive index of lung injury in rats irradiated to the hemithorax and can predict lung hydroxyproline (collagen) content in individual irradiated rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Rationale for and results from a randomised, double-blind trial of tetrachlorodecaoxygen anion complex in wound healing.

Local tetrachlorodecaoxygen anion complex (TCDO) had three therapeutic effects in difficult wounds, substantiated on day 14 in a multicentre double-blind randomised clinical trial on 271 inpatients with 0.9% saline as control. Wound cleansing was intensified, the formation of new tissue (granulations, epithelium) was promoted, and, irrespective of the different wound types, wound surfaces decreased more quickly, by a factor of 2.4. A novel quantity (eta) was derived as an indicator of wound healing promotion. eta NaCl (= -0.14) did not differ among different wound diagnoses. eta TCDO values were significantly better in relation to wound diagnosis, to smear (detritus), and to epithelialisation. Local TCDO was well tolerated.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1986

Pitfalls of single radial immunodiffusion techniques used for the quantification of influenza haemagglutinin.

In the case of Tween-ether split vaccines the quantification of haemagglutinin is not achievable by the single radial immunodiffusion test alone. Aggregate formation of solubilized haemagglutinin frequently occurs when the applied detergent is removed and, therefore, a physico-chemical method including an effective disaggregation procedure like SDS treatment in combination with PAGE is recommended.

Animals↗