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Biomedical subjects

J Hettiarachchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Hettiarachchi.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Elevation of hemoglobin and work tolerance in iron-deficient subjects.

Selected parameters related to work tolerance were measured in 31 adult subjects with hemoglobin (Hb) concentration from 2.5 to 14.0 g/100 ml. Work tolerance was closely related to Hb concentration (r = 0.74) regardless of the adequacy of storage iron level. One male and six females with a mean Hb of 3.5 g/ml (27-55 years old) were studied before and 24h after transfusing 570ml of whole blood. The mean maximal work load tolerated increased 83% within 24h after transfusion in these seven subjects. Post-exercise venous blood lactate was markedly lower after transfusion. Work tolerance of these subjects within 24h after transfusion was the same as in other subjects who had had the equivalent Hb level as the post-transfusion subjects presumably for at least several weeks. These data suggest that the decrement in work performance capacity in iron-deficient and anemic subjects is, in a large part, a reflection of the level of anemia rather than other non-Hb related biochemical changes that could accompany prolonged iron deficiency anemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Amiloride, spironolactone, and potassium chloride in thiazide-treated hypertensive patients.

Dose-response curves for amiloride and spironolactone were defined in 15 hypertensive patients treated with bendroflumethiazide (bendrofluazide). The relative potency amiloride:spironolactone in correcting hypokalemia was 2.8:1, an estimate significantly lower than the 5:1 potency currently accepted. The relative potency for reduction of plasma sodium was 3.9:1 (amiloride:spironolactone). Amiloride was disproportionately potent in lowering serum bicarbonate, and the data do not suggest that these drugs elevate plasma potassium simply by correcting metabolic alkalosis. Changes in blood pressure were confounded by the presence of carryover effect between treatment phases. Both drugs increased plasma angiotension II and aldosterone, but the rise in aldosterone with spironolactone was smaller than expected from concurrent plasma angiotension II and potassium concentrations. This was consistent with a partial block of aldosterone biosynthesis by spironolactone. The activity of spironolactone did not require the presence of hyperaldosteronism. In a smaller study potassium chloride induced a significant log dose-response on plasma potassium, but the effect was small in absolute terms. At least 64 mmole potassium chloride was needed to match the effect of 20 mg amiloride or 56 mg spironolactone.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Weight reduction in a blood pressure clinic.

Forty-nine hypertensive patients who were overweight were randomly allocated to one of three strategies for attaining weight reduction and were followed for one year. Those referred to a dietitian lost more weight (mean 5.1 kg) than those given a diet sheet (mean 2.64 kg) or simply advised by the doctor to reduce weight (mean 2.15 kg). One-third of all the patients lost 6 kg or more. Successful weight loss was associated with a highly significant and substantial improvement in blood pressure control and with less frequent increases in antihypertensive treatment.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1978

Bumetanide and frusemide: a comparison of dose-response curves in healthy men.

1 Log dose-responses for the loop diuretics bumetanide and frusemide in healthy subjects deviated significantly from parallelism as regards urine volume and sodium excretion. Ignoring the nonparallelism the best estimate of natriuretic potency (bumetanide: frusemide) was 46:1 in the bumetanide dose range 0.5-2 mg. 2 For a given natriuresis the urinary potassium excretion following bumetanide was significantly lower than that for frusemide within this dose range. 3 The data illustrate the limitations of studies comparing diuretics at a single dose level. Extrapolation of the observed log dose-response curves provides one possible explanation for the relative potency (bumetanide: frusemide) of 20:1 reported when the drugs are used at high dosage in patients with renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Amelioration of bendrofluazide-induced hypokalemia by timolol.

The beta adrenergic blocking drug, timolol, tended to correct the hypokalemia of short-term bendrofluazide treatment in 6 healthy male subjects and although the effect was small it was significant. Timolol also reduced the rise in plasma aldosterone and urine potassium excretion following bendrofluazide and increased the urine sodium/potassium ratio. There was no evidence of a shift of potassium from the intracellular to the extracellular space.

Bendroflumethiazide↗
PubMed1975

Presenting features and diagnosis of rabies.

The early clinical features important in the establishment of a diagnosis of rabies are described from experience of 23 fatal cases in Sri Lanka. The importance of the "fan test" as a diagnostic sign is stressed. The earliest features of the disease may suggest hysteria if a history of a bite from a rabid animal is not obtained. In a district in which there is an outbreak of rabies cases of rabies hysteria may also develop.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A comparative study of the relative efficacy of pyrantel pamoate, bephenium hydroxynaphthoate and tetrachlorethylene in the treatment of Necator americanus infection in Ceylon.

The clearance of hookworm (Necator americanus) ova by a single dose of tetrachlorethylene (T.C.E.) was compared with that produced by single and multiple dose regimes of bephenium hydroxynaphthoate and pyrantel pamoate. Single doses of bephenium and pyrantel were inferior to T.C.E. Three daily doses of bephenium or pyrantel produced effects comparable with a single dose of T.C.E. Because of the low cost and lack of side effects, T.C.E. remains the drug of choice in the treatment of N. americanus in infections; the only disadvantage of T.C.E. is its unnoticed deterioration under tropical conditions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1973

Assessment of the fluoride content of water in wells selected randomly and after examining schoolchildren for dental fluorosis.

The random sampling of well water for fluoride assumes that all the wells in an area are equally accessible and that there are no marked local variations in the concentration of fluoride. Both these assumptions were found to be incorrect. Another sampling method is described in which the teeth of schoolchildren are examined for evidence of dental fluorosis and the water drunk by those with different grades of dental mottling is collected for analysis. This method is more reliable than that of random sampling in that wells with a high concentration of fluoride are unlikely to be missed.

Adolescent↗