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Biomedical subjects

J Hess

Publications and source records attributed to J Hess.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Porcine-valved Dacron conduits in Fontan procedures.

From a series of 52 Fontan procedures between 1976 and 1984, the cases of the 27 consecutive patients who received a porcine-valved conduit were reviewed. There were 5 hospital deaths among these 27 patients. Follow-up ranges from 11 years 9 months to 3 years 9 months. At follow-up, no conduit-related complications could be demonstrated. There were no signs of valvular stenosis, exuberant peel formation, or calcification of the conduit in any of the patients. To date, there has been no need to replace any of the porcine-valved conduits. Cumulative survival (including hospital deaths) is 71% at 10 years. In conclusion, we believe that the porcine-valved conduits have functioned very satisfactorily over time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Serological evidence for expression of the polymerase gene of human hepatitis B virus in vivo.

Human sera were examined by immunoblotting for antibodies against the polymerase (reverse transcriptase) believed to be encoded in the P open reading frame (ORF) of human hepatitis B virus (HBV). Sera from patients with self-limited and chronic hepatitis reacted specifically with fusion proteins containing different domains of the P ORF. The results indicate that this ORF is expressed, and that the corresponding proteins contain at least two immunogenic domains. In contrast to human immunodeficiency virus, induction of antibodies against reverse transcriptase appears to be less common for HBV, and may depend on long persistence of infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Albumin binding of MADDS--a measure of bilirubin binding--in women during pregnancy and after delivery and in their infants.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the binding potential of MADDS (monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl sulphone) to albumin, a measure for binding of unconjugated bilirubin, in healthy women during pregnancy, during and after delivery, and in their infants. The serum concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin, reserve albumin for binding of MADDS and total albumin were measured in: (a) 21 non-pregnant women; (b) 16 pregnant women in the 16th-24th, 28th-32nd, and 36th-38th gestational weeks, and at the time of delivery from both mother and infant; and (c) 15 women at the time of delivery, and 24 and 72 hours after delivery. The bilirubin concentrations did not change during pregnancy or at delivery and were very small compared with the concentrations of reserve albumin for binding of MADDS and total albumin. Therefore, the ratio of reserve albumin to total albumin was an expression of the binding potential of the albumin for MADDS in women. During pregnancy, the reserve albumin decreased equal to total albumin, so that the ratio was not significantly changed (p greater than 0.05). In contrast, at delivery the reserve albumin was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than in the 36th-38th gestational weeks, without any significant difference in total albumin, i.e. the ratio was significantly lower than during pregnancy (p less than 0.01). During the first 3 days after delivery the reserve albumin increased significantly (p less than 0.05), also without any significant change in total albumin, so that the ratio increased significantly (p less than 0.05) and was normalized. The binding potential for MADDS to albumin in newborn infants was even lower than that of their mothers. Since the binding-potential is reduced in both mother and infant at delivery, a relation is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Sudden death in hydrocephalic spina bifida aperta patients.

Twelve patients of 146 hydrocephalic spina bifida aperta patients, treated with a ventricular drainage system, died suddenly. In 7 of them the cause of death was most probably related to the use of a ventriculovascular shunt, causing pulmonary embolism. Thromboembolic complications were not seen in the 26 hydrocephalic spina bifida patients treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In 4 other patients shunt malfunction was considered as the cause of sudden death. The case reports of these 11 patients are presented. Pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed and measures for prevention of these two potentially lethal complications are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cytomegalovirus but not human T lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy associated virus detected by in situ hybridisation in retinal lesions in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Paraffin sections of retinal tissue from five patients who died from the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and retinopathy were examined by in situ hybridisation experiments with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) labelled with sulphur-35 of lentivirus, human T lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), and cytomegalovirus. HTLV-III/LAV ribonucleic acid (RNA) was not detected in any of the tissue sections. Cytomegalovirus RNA was identified, however, in three of the five patients. Retinopathy induced by cytomegalovirus may thus be one of the many syndromes potentiated by the immunosuppression caused by HTLV-III/LAV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor in rat and man.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a peptide which stimulates cell mitotic activity and differentiation, has a cytoprotective effect on the gastroduodenal mucosa, and inhibits gastric acid secretion. The immunohistochemical localization of EGF in the Brunner's glands and the submandibular glands is well documented. The localization of EGF in other tissues is still unclarified. In the present study, the immunohistochemical localization of EGF in tissues from rat, man and a 20 week human fetus were investigated. In man and rat, immunoreaction was found in the submandibular glands, the serous glands of the nasal cavity, Brunner's glands of the duodenum, the Paneth cells of the small intestine, and the tubular cells of the kidney. In the fetus EGF was found in the kidney and in the intestinal Paneth cells. Antisera raised against rat submandibular EGF did not recognize EGF in human tissues, whereas antisera against human urinary EGF worked in rat as well as man. EGF was found only in cells with an exocrine function.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty in restenosis of coarctation of the aorta.

Percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty was performed in five children with coarctation restenosis. After angioplasty the pressure gradient had decreased considerably in four patients. In all patients aortography showed an increase in the diameter of the lumen at the site of the restenosis. All patients were normotensive the day after angioplasty. There were no complications during or after the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Characterization of vasopressin receptors in cerebral endothelial cells].

In target cells with receptors of the V2 type, vasopressin activates the adenylate cyclase and induces, finally, a clustering of intramembranous particles in the plasma membrane. Both characteristic effects, however, could not be observed at hippocampal capillaries of the rat. The presumed vasopressin receptors at cerebral capillaries that represent the blood-brain barrier are, therefore, probably not of the V2 type.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Procedure for the biological testing of substances in the guinea pig subcutaneous test. II. The results of mathematical evaluation and modelling of the morphometric data on the area of reaction].

The extent of the reaction area around implanted materials (connective tissue capsule) was measured by the electronic device system Densitron and was represented in its temporal dependence after implantation. A histocompatibility index (referring to titanium as reference material) was deduced from the course of the connective tissue adaptation (healing in process). Linear regression calculation shows that the healing in process can be described very well by means of a power function for the most of the investigated materials. A clear demarcation and classification of the tissue tolerance of the different materials was managed for the histocompatibility index and also by the obvious integral values of the experimentally found out and mathematically modelled subsidence curves of the connective tissue reaction (selected period: 90th to the 200th day after the implantation).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of an unique RNA initiated immediately upstream from human alpha 1 globin gene in vivo and in vitro: polymerase II-dependence, tissue specificity, and subcellular location.

We have identified an abundant transcript initiated upstream from the canonical cap site of human alpha 1 globin gene in bone marrow cells and in COS-7 cells transfected with an alpha 1 globin gene-containing plasmid. Similar to the major alpha 1 globin transcript, this upstream RNA is present almost exclusively in the cytoplasm of the transfected COS-7 cells. It is also synthesized efficiently in vitro by RNA polymerase II in the nuclear extracts prepared from a Hela cell line and an erythroleukemia cell line, K562. RNAs isolated from these cell lines, however, do not contain this upstream transcript. The putative 5' end of the alpha 1 globin upstream RNA is mapped by primer extension to base -45, which is located in between the CCAAT and TATA boxes. The synthesis of this RNA in vitro and in vivo, and the close proximity of its 5' end to the promoter of the alpha 1 globin gene suggest a common mechanism regulating the transcriptional initiation of both the upstream and the major alpha 1 globin RNAs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

End-to-end transcription of an Alu family repeat. A new type of polymerase-III-dependent terminator and its evolutionary implication.

Four or more consecutive thymidine residues on the non-template strand and G + C-richness of flanking DNA are the two necessary characteristics of efficient RNA polymerase-III-dependent transcriptional terminators. We have identified, from the study of in vitro transcription of a human Alu family repeat, a new type of RNA polymerase-III-dependent transcriptional terminator. A 258 base-pair Alu repeat located on the 3' side of the human alpha 1 globin gene can be transcribed in a HeLa S-100 extract to generate three RNA species of lengths 404 to 408, 252 to 255 and 173 to 174 nucleotides, respectively. Kinetics, pulse-chase and RNA incubation experiments showed no significant internal processing of the longer transcripts into shorter ones. These data plus detailed RNA mapping demonstrated conclusively that the multiple Alu RNA species resulted from accurate initiation at the first base (5' end) of the repeat, and multiple termination downstream. The 3' end(s) of the major transcript (252 to 255 nucleotides) maps at the 3' end of the Alu repeat sequence where there are not four or more consecutive thymidine residues on the non-template strand. The functional domain of the terminator has been mapped to a 45 base-pair segment that includes 36 base-pairs of the 3' end sequence of the Alu repeat plus nine base-pairs downstream. The high efficiency of termination (greater than 90%), the lack of consecutive T residues, the richness in A + T content, and the proposed ability of the RNA to form an imperfect hairpin structure in the 3' region of the transcript, thus identify a new type of eukaryotic class III terminator. We compare the structure of this class III terminator with that of the bacterial rho-dependent terminator. We also discuss its implication in the mechanism(s) of amplification and dispersion of Alu sequences in the primate genomes.

Base Sequence↗