Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Henrichsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Henrichsen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Isolation of Streptococcus suis using a selective medium.

A selective medium containing tryptic soy agar, 5% defibrinated bovine blood, crystal violet, nalidixic acid and gentamicin significantly improved the isolation rate of Streptococcus suis from tonsilar tissue of slaughtered pigs. Ninety-five percent of the S. suis isolates identified in Guelph were confirmed as S. suis in Copenhagen, but only six out of 21 isolates typed as capsular serotype 2 in Guelph were confirmed to possess serotype 2 antigen in Copenhagen. Sixty-four percent of the S. suis isolates were not typable within the current scheme of capsular serotypes from 1 to 13 and type 1/2.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A national survey of severe group B streptococcal infections in neonates and young infants in Denmark, 1978-83.

During a six-year period, 1978-83, 80 cases of culture proven group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteraemia and meningitis were identified in neonates and young infants up to 12 weeks of age in a national retrospective survey. Two thirds (68%) were early onset disease (EOD) while one third was late onset disease (LOD) occurring later than the seventh day of life. The overall incidence for the period was 0.24 per 1,000 live-born with a trend towards decline through the period. EOD was associated with low birthweight, twin delivery and congenital anomalies as well as with obstetric risk factors like premature or prolonged rupture of membranes and intrapartum fever. The overall case fatality rate was 23%, both in EOD and LOD. Seven (11%) of the surviving infants, six of whom had had meningitis, developed neurological sequelae. Newborns that showed signs of infection with 12 hours of delivery were at a significantly higher risk of running a fulminant course than newborns whose infections developed later (p = 0.02). Nosocomial transmission of GBS seemed limited and most hospital-acquired cases were unconnected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Immune response to pneumococcal vaccine in mothers to infants with group B streptococcal septicemia: evidence for a divergent IgG/IgM ratio.

Eight women who had given birth to infants contracting neonatal septicemia with group B streptococci (GBS) were immunized with a 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax). Type-specific IgM and IgG antibodies against 6 pneumococcal types were determined before and after vaccination. Ten healthy age-matched women were also vaccinated and served as controls. The study group showed significantly higher preimmune IgM levels against 3 of the 6 pneumococcal antigens, and lower IgG levels against 1 antigen. However, 6 weeks as well as 11/2 years after the immunization, no significant differences in IgG or IgM antibody levels could be demonstrated between the 2 groups. Before vaccination, significantly more study group women showed an arbitrary IgG/IgM ratio below 10 against pneumococcal types 1, 6A, 7F, 14 and 23F. 11/2 years after vaccination, the ratio was significantly lower for antibodies against 2 other types, 6A and 7F. We suggest, as a working hypothesis, that mothers of GBS-infected infants differ in their capacity to switch from IgM to IgG production.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1984

Beneficial effect of pneumococcal vaccination on otitis media in children over two years old.

The effect of immunization with a 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax) was studied in a double-blind trial in which 405 children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years were matched in vaccine/control pairs according to age and history of otitis media. The fact that all the children attended day-care centres ensured that both vaccinees and controls were similarly exposed to upper respiratory tract pathogens. The total incidence of acute otitis media was reduced during a 2-year follow-up period by 24% (P less than 0.05) among those vaccinated between the ages of 2 and 5. For recurrent episodes a decrease by 40% was noted. Protective efficacy was demonstrable during the first post-vaccinational year, but not when more than 1 year had lapsed after the vaccination. These findings suggest that, while the vaccine had not effect on children under 2 years old, it may be a useful aid in preventing recurrent attacks of otitis media in children between 2 and 5 years of age.

Bacterial Vaccines↗
PubMed1984

C-polysaccharide in a pneumococcal vaccine.

The 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine, Pneumovax, was found to contain approximately 25o micrograms per ml of the cell-wall antigen, C-polysaccharide (C-Ps), in addition to 100 micrograms per ml of each of the 14 capsular polysaccharides. Rabbit anti-C-Ps antiserum recognized four components of this C-Ps with different antigenic determinants, corresponding to four fragments with different molecular sizes. By lectin affinity chromatography it was demonstrated that some of the C-Ps in the vaccine contained cell-wall residues. The methods used in this study can also be used for the characterization of other polysaccharide preparations.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

The bacteriology of endocarditis in slaughter pigs.

Streptococcus suis was isolated from 11 (10 per cent) out of 107 cases of endocarditis in slaughter pigs from which bacteria of any kind were isolated. Seven of the isolates belonged to the capsular serotypes 1, 2 and 1/2. Four were non-typable owing to lack of capsule. The organism isolated most often was Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, which was found in 68 (64 per cent) cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Phosphorylcholine determinants in six pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides detected by monoclonal antibody.

The presence of phosphorylcholine in pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides was examined by using monoclonal antiphosphorylcholine antibody. Of the 83 known capsular types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 6 types, viz., 24A, 27, 28F, 28A, 32F, and 32A, gave a positive capsular reaction (quellung) which could be inhibited by phosphorylcholine. The capsular polysaccharides of these six types, therefore, contain phosphorylcholine.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Capsular polysaccharides of nongroupable streptococci that cross-react with pneumococcal group 19.

The cross-reactivity and chemical characterization of the nongroupable streptococcal and pneumococcal group 19 polysaccharides (PS) have been studied. Extensive cross-reactions were observed between capsular PSs of streptococcal strains 14636/74, 4907, 4731 and pneumococcal type 19F and 19A antisera. Streptococcal 14636/74 PS had an identical composition to that of pneumococcal 19F PS. Type 19F and 14636/74 PS were composed of equimolar amounts of rhamnose, glucose, N-acetyl mannosamine, and phosphorus. The capsular PS of strains 4731 and 4907 contained rhamnose, glucose, ribose, N-acetyl mannosamine, and N-acetyl glucosamine in different molar ratios. Extensive immunologic reactivity was observed between the 19F and 14636/74 PS, as determined by light scattering rate nephelometry, passive immune hemolysis, and precipitin reaction. There was an identity reaction by immunodiffusion between type 19F and 14636/74 PS when reacted with rabbit antiserum against either organism. Biochemical studies showed that strain 14636/74 was not a pneumococcus, because it was optochin resistant, was bile insoluble, did not possess the C-carbohydrate antigen common to all pneumococci, and produced neither pneumolysin nor IgA protease. Furthermore, it grew in comparatively simple media in contrast to the complex nutritional requirements of pneumococci. The 13C-NMR spectra of the 19F and 14636/74 PS were identical. These two capsular PS can, therefore, be considered identical.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pneumococcal meningitis and bacteraemia in Danish children 1969-1978. Serotypes, incidence and outcome.

The incidence of pneumococcal meningitis in Danish children during 1969-1978 was estimated to be 2.1/year/100,000 children from 0 to 14 years old. Fifty-five per cent of 146 children with pneumococcal meningitis and 61% of 61 with bacteraemia were below 2 years of age. Mortality from meningitis was 13% and from bacteraemia 7%. Of the children with meningitis, 14% had sequelae at the time of discharge from the hospital. Sequelae were not seen after bacteraemia. Among 277 pneumococcal isolates from spinal fluid and blood from Danish children during 1969-1978, serotypes 14, 18C, 6A + 6B, 23F, 7F and 19F, in that order of frequency, were the most common ones, accounting for 69% of all isolates. Serotypes included in current 14-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines made of 80% of all types, when types 6A and 6B are considered together (because it has been shown that they offer cross-protection).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Serology of capsulated streptococci pathogenic for pigs: six new serotypes of Streptococcus suis.

A total of 138 capsulated strains of streptococci were isolated from pigs with various infections, notably septicemia and bronchopneumonia. Biochemically all strains were similar, and 31 strains were serologically identical to the previously described groups R, S, and RS streptococci, provisionally designated Streptococcus suis types 1, 2, and 1/2 by Elliot. The remaining 107 strains could be divided into six new capsular serotypes of S. suis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay for determination of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibodies.

Antibodies against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide types 1, 3, 6A, 7F, 8 and 9N were determined before and 4 weeks after pneumococcal vaccination by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 49 children, 42 of whom had been splenectomized. Using linear regression analysis a significant correlation between total antibody concentrations determined by ELISA and RIA was found for all 6 antigens (p less than 0.001 for each). The degree of correlation varied between types, antibodies against type 3 showing the best concordance, those against type 6A the poorest. In 84% of the samples assayed both the RIA and the ELISA determined antibody concentrations were either above (55%) or below (29%) the hypothetical protective antibody concentration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Survey of pneumococcal types in Israel, 1978-81.

The most common capsular types of Streptococcus pneumoniae that prevailed among 436 cultures isolated in Israel (1978 through 1981) were: 1, 14, 6B, 23F, 19A and 5. Among the 301 isolates from significant sources, 66.1% belonged to 14 capsular types that are included in available pneumococcal vaccines. Among those that were not included in these vaccines, the most frequent types were: 5, 19A and 6B. The addition of these three capsular polysaccharide types to the vaccine used in Israel would result in a vaccine coverage of approximately 85%.

Adolescent↗