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Biomedical subjects

J Hassoun

Publications and source records attributed to J Hassoun.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Breast tissue: estrogen receptors. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis of normal and hyperplastic tissue and carcinoma in situ. Apropos of 86 cases].

Estrogen receptors (ER) were investigated using immunohistochemical techniques in 54 cases and biochemical techniques in 38 cases on a series of biopsy specimens of normal, hyperplasic and malignant mammary tissue (intraductal carcinoma). Immunohistochemical data were submitted to quantitative and semi-quantitative analysis (SAMBA 200, TITN). On normal tissue, immunostaining is bright and evenly distributed in galactophores and ductulo-lobular junctions; it is unevenly distributed but consistently present in lobules and increasing after menopause. On hyperplasic tissue, immunostaining of papillary cystadenomas and epitheliosis and fibroadenosis zones was similar to normal tissue with respect to the intensity and heterogeneity. Conversely, their immunohistochemical features are close to blunt duct adenosis and atypical lobular hyperplasia of ductulo-lobular junctions. On malignant tissue, immunostaining is unpredictable, it can be evenly distributed, unevenly distributed in patches or gradients, or totally absent. Immunohistochemical techniques can only be used to assess the intensity and distribution of ER in function of cell type in normal tissue and during a cancerous process. Thus strong receptivity of ductulo-lobular junctions may reinforce the claim that these structures are the targets for estrogen co-carcinogenic substances. The heterogeneity of ER at the onset of carcinoma suggests the possibility of several pathway of development. The fact that myoepithelial cell never seem to display estrogen type receptivity makes it logical to seek a special sensitivity for them.

Breast↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnostic problems posed by inflammatory pseudotumors of the orbit: study of 3 cases].

Orbital inflammatory pseudo-tumor is a rare benign condition not always very well known by pathologists. Clinical characteristics and laboratory data were reviewed in 3 affected patients (one child, two adults). Changes in orbital tissues were described according to various histopathological classifications reported in literature. The authors stressed the difficulties to diagnose such a lesion and to eliminate the possibility of either eosinophilic granuloma or rhabdomyosarcoma in infants. As in most cases the disease responded favourably to steroids and its etiology was unknown. Relapses, bilateralization and bad effect of biopsy should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Microsurgical management of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Results in 28 consecutive cases.

A series of 28 cases of meningioma of the tuberculum sellae is reviewed. This tumor was most frequent in the fifth decade, with a clear predominance in women. Neurological and endocrine deficits were minimal, whereas ophthalmologic signs were always present. Visual deficits were bilateral in cases with more than a 1-year history. Osteoma of the tuberculum sellae was rare and had no correlation with tumor size. Angiography of the internal carotid artery was found useful in demonstrating vascular displacements and tumor blush. Computed tomography was the most reliable diagnostic tool. All patients underwent a unilateral pterional craniotomy using the operating Outside of patients with total blindness, improvement of visual acuity was the rule, even in cases of long-term duration. Best results were obtained in patients operated upon within 1 year of the onset of visual symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Thyroid-stimulating hormone pituitary adenomas and hyperthyroidism.

Six cases of hyperthyroidism secondary to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-hypersecreting pituitary adenomas are presented (five females and one male). Hyperthyroidism presenting with diffuse goiter was associated with hyperprolactinemia in three cases. Elevation of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) plasma levels was associated with TSH levels ranging between 2 and 2,000 microU/mL. Polytomography and computed tomography scanning with coronal views revealed four invasive and two enclosed tumors. Two patients underwent transfrontal operations, four underwent transsphenoidal operations, and one underwent both. Two cases of enclosed adenoma were cured primarily by a transsphenoidal approach without additional pituitary deficit. In four cases of invasive adenomas, operations and radiation therapy resulted in three failures and one cure. In cases presenting with hyperthyroidism and detectable TSH, early neuroradiological studies are indicated, as biological cure can be achieved by the transsphenoidal approach. Early treatment is also advocated because of the tendency for these tumors to become invasive (four out of six tumors).

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Role of the blood-brain barrier in the establishment of the immune response against polyoma virus-induced cerebral tumours in hamsters.

The existence of an immunological blood-brain barrier (BBB) is well established but its role in cerebral tumour immunology is less well defined. Attempting to clarify this problem we tested the graft rejection of polyoma virus-induced central nervous (CNS) tumours in hamsters after systemic or intracerebral immunization with polyoma virus. Animals were immunized by intracerebral or subcutaneous inoculations of polyoma virus before tumours were induced by intracerebral or intramuscular graft of polyoma-transformed hamster neuroglial cells. The growth of cerebral and muscular tumours was significantly inhibited in animals immunized subcutaneously. In animals immunized intracerebrally the inhibition of growth was highly significant for cerebral tumours and only very slight for intramuscular tumours. These results suggest that the blood-brain barrier allowed immunocompetent effector cells to penetrate inside the CNS but prevented the locally elicited cell-mediated immune response from diffusing outside the CNS. The ability of the brain to develop a local immune response and the partial lack of circulation of immunocompetent cells to cross the BBB could be mainly responsible for the special immune status of the CNS and may greatly interfere with the establishment of an efficient immune response toward brain tumours.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Intracranial malignant lymphoma. Report of 30 cases and review of the literature.

Although primary malignant lymphoma is a rare entity in the gamut of intracranial tumors, it is more frequently seen than the secondary intracranial spread of a primary extracranial lymphoma. In general, the occurrence of lymphomas seems to be provoked by immunosuppression, as with medication (predominantly after transplantation) or with immunodepressive disease such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The usual age of onset of this disease is 55 to 65 years; and the male:female patient distribution is roughly 2:1. Characteristically, computerized tomography (CT) scans of lymphomas show a mass which is often large with regular contours, moderate mass effect, and hyper- or isodensity with marked and often homogeneous enhancement. In the series of 30 patients reported, the locations of lesions, in order of decreasing frequency, were the frontocallosal and temporal regions, the basal ganglia, and the cerebellum. Multiple lesions were present in 15% of these cases (20% to 40% in the literature). The following features should raise the suspicion of intracranial lymphoma: mirror lesions of the basal ganglia, bilateral subependymal infiltration, and leptomeningeal involvement contiguous with an intracerebral mass. According to the literature, the angiographic finding typical of lymphoma is an avascular tumor. A blush or vascular encasement of the mass seems to be rare, and the present series was in accordance with other reports in this respect. Differential diagnostic consideration should include meningioma, glioblastoma, metastatic disease, and focal infectious lesions such as toxoplasmosis or multifocal progressive leukoencephalitis, particularly in immunodepressed subjects. Diagnosing lymphoma from CT scans offers the alternative of substituting stereotaxic biopsy and neuropathological diagnosis for the more aggressive open surgical approach, since radiation therapy and possibly chemotherapy usually prove to be the treatment of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cylindromas of the base of the skull. Report of four cases.

Cylindromas are rarely encountered in the neurosurgical field. Four cases of this rare tumor are presented. Conventional and computerized tomography scanning were most useful in establishing the diagnosis; angiography did not provide any further information. Because these tumors are well demarcated from surrounding structures, even in cases of recurrence, surgery is the treatment of choice. Radiation therapy is useful in the postoperative management. Long survival times with multiple recurrences are the rule.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Study of 2 markers, keratin and neuron-specific enolase, in bronchial cancers].

In an immunohistochemical study 31 patients with bronchial cancer (squamous cell 9, large cell 4, small intermediate cell 11 and oat cell 7) were investigated for keratin and NSE. Keratin seems to be a valuable marker since only oat cell cancers and 45% of small intermediate cell cancers were negative. In contrast, marking with NSE seems to be non-discriminating. The low value of NSE as marker was confirmed by 133 serum NSE assays performed in 39 bronchial cancer patients. Although NSE values were significantly higher in oat cell cancer, in any given patient serum assays can, at best, detect relapses.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Adenocarcinoid of the stomach. Histochemical and immunohistochemical study using optical and electron microscopy].

A case of gastric adenocarcinoid was described by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The tumor contained exocrine, endocrine and amphicrine cells. In endocrine cells, serotonin and pancreatic polypeptide were demonstrated. It was suggested that these gastric adenocarcinoid cells originate from totipotent immature cells of endodermal origin.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1985

Neuroradiological study of hemangiopericytomas.

The authors report four cases of hemangiopericytoma. The preoperative diagnosis is strongly suggested by the use of selective angiography and post-iodine CT scan which provide images often rather similar to highly vascularized meningiomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly--long-term results in 100 patients.

A series of 100 patients with acromegaly who were operated on using the transsphenoidal microsurgical approach is presented along with a review of the literature. Emphasis is placed on long-term follow-up to assess the value of the technique. The authors caution against early normalization of growth hormone as a criterion for biologic cure in that cases of late recurrence are presented. It is proposed that 5 ng/mL baseline growth hormone values with normal dynamic testing is the most reliable way to ascertain biologic cure. Using these criteria, a cure rate of 78% for enclosed and 33% for invasive adenomata was obtained. No long-term recurrence was seen in patients considered cured along these lines.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1985

Bromocriptine effects on cultured human prolactin-producing pituitary adenomas: in vitro ultrastructural, morphometric, and immunoelectron microscopic studies.

In an effort to better characterize the ultrastructural, morphometric, and immunocytochemical changes induced by 10(-8) M bromocriptine (BR), tumor cells from three surgically removed PRL-producing pituitary adenomas were cultured on an extracellular matrix in serum-free medium. In each instance, the treated cultures were compared to control cells at the end of 24 h and 16 days. PRL RIAs were performed on culture medium. A decrease in cell and nucleus surface area was found on day 16 in two cultures. This supports the well known shrinkage of BR-treated PRL-producing adenomas. BR induced no change in these parameters in the tumor from a third patient who was partly resistant to the drug. Changes in the secretory process were discernible as of day 1 in all three tumors, with a dramatic reduction of exocytosis and intracellular accumulation of PRL-immunoreactive granules. This induced delayed inhibition of protein synthesis, demonstrated by preembedding immunocytochemistry on day 16. These results, obtained for the first time in human PRL-producing adenomas, are informative as to the subcellular events subsequent to short term BR treatment and illustrate that secretory inhibition and tumor shrinkage are not necessarily linked.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Registry of cancers in children in the regions of Provence, the Alps, Côte d'Azur and Corsica. Setting up and evaluation of the year 1984].

Epidemiology is a promising clinical way for research on cancer. A population based pediatric cancer registry was opened since January 1984 in 2 regions of south-eastern France. Its purpose is to analyse childhood cancer incidence and possible variations. A case-control study on risk factors was set up at the same time. Registration procedures and 1984 data are reported. The observed incidence is 11.86 new cancer cases/10(5) children/year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Behavioral effects of selected opiates and phencyclidine in the nondependent and cyclazocine-dependent rhesus monkey.

Tolerance to the behavioral effects of selected opiate compounds (cyclazocine, ketocyclazocine, naloxone and the stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine) and phencyclidine was evaluated using cumulative dosing procedures in rhesus monkeys responding under a fixed-ratio (FR) schedule of food presentation. Initially, the i.v. injection of graded doses of each drug in 8-min time-out periods preceding sequential FR periods decreased responding after each time-out in dose-related fashion. Subsequently, daily administration of up to 11 mg/kg of cyclazocine led to an approximately 16 to 32-fold rightward shift in the dose-effect curves for cyclazocine and ketocyclazocine and an approximately 4-fold rightward shift in the dose-effect curves for phencyclidine and (+)-N-allynormetazocine. In contrast, the dose-effect curves for naloxone and (-)-N-allynormetazocine were generally unchanged or shifted leftward. Termination of daily cyclazocine administration produced signs of withdrawal which disappeared over several days in all monkeys. These included emesis, frequent aggressive display and disruption of schedule-controlled performance. Present results suggest that the rate-decreasing effects of racemic cyclazocine involve mechanisms distinct from those mediating the rate-decreasing effects of naloxone or (-)-N-allynormetazocine. The differing degrees of cross-tolerance produced to the rate-decreasing effects of ketocyclazocine and of phencyclidine and (+)-N-allynormetazocine also suggest that the latter compounds produce behavioral effects to some extent through mechanisms distinct from those through which ketocyclazocine is effective.

Animals↗