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Biomedical subjects

J Harrison

Publications and source records attributed to J Harrison.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The mannosylation of dolichol-diphosphate oligosaccharides in relation to the formation of oligosaccharides and glycoproteins in pig-liver endoplasmic reticulum.

In the chain-lengthening of the oligosaccharide chains of endogenous dolichol-diphosphate oligosaccharides (DOL-P-P-oligosaccharides) by a pig liver microsomal preparation dolichol-monophosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) was a more efficient donor of mammose (a maximum of 35% transferred by 5 min) than was GDP-Man (reaching 16% by 45 min). The effects of an excess of GDP, an excess of GDP-Man, a lack of Mn2+ and an excess of EDTA showed that the transfer from GDP-Man was via Dol-P-Man. The evidence also indicated the presence of two pools of Dol-P-Man one of which was difficult to extract and which was possibly closely associated with the Dol-P-P-oligosaccharides and the appropriate transferase. After 1 h of incubation transfer of 14C to 'insoluble polymer' from GDP-[14C]Man, Dol-P-[14C]Man and Dol-P-P-[14C]oligosaccharides reached approximately 3%, 3% and 13% respectively, of that available. The result of adding excess unlabelled GDP-Man to an incubation with GDP-[14C]Man in progressconfirmed the sequence GDP-Man leads to Dol-P-Man leads to Dol-P-P-oligosaccharide leads to insoluble polymer. Solubilisation with sodium dodecyl sulphate of the radioactive 'insoluble polymer' followed by gel chromatography showed the presence of radioactive glycoprotein and oligosaccharide when either GDP-[14C]Man or Dol-P-P-[14C]oligosaccharide was used as donor. The proportion of oligosaccharide formed rose sharply when excess EDTA was present and GDP-[14C]Man was the donor. Under these conditions the oligosaccharide contained 5--6 units and all of the radioactivity could be released by alpha-mannosidase. The glycoprotein was susceptible to proteolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Measurement of the immune response to an allograft: amino acid incorporation by peripheral white blood cells in man.

The uptake in vitro of 3H-thymidine and of 3H-uridine by white blood cells freshly taken from the recipients of renal transplants has been followed at regular intervals during the period of the patients' hospitalization. In addition, groups of subjects without renal failure undergoing operation and of patients on chronic dialysis have been studied. Of 33 patients undergoing rejection of their kidney, 28 showed a marked rise in the incorporation of thymidine over the period of rejection. However, a similar rise appears to accompany episodes of inter-current infection.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1975

Heterologous reactions involving parasites, blood group antibodies and tissue components.

The sera of many patients with malaria and filariasis, and also anti-A and B blood group sera, were found to react by immunofluorescence with the somatic musculature of nematodes, especially Ascaris, and human and rat muscle, especially the skeletal type. These reactions were attributed to a polysaccharide related to AB substance in adult nematodes and to raised AB antibodies in malaria. Similar heterologous reactions were found to involve the integument of schistosome adult worms and the microfilariae of Loa loa, which were attributed to the incorporation of host AB blood group substances into the parasite. Other parasites and sera gave mainly negative results. These heterologous reactions constitute a potential hazard in immunofluorescence tests, against which skeletal muscle provides a control. The antibodies concerned were not operative in complement fixation tests, but there was a relationship to anti-complementary activity which suggested the transient presence of a circulating antigen.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

Variation in the properties of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated over three months from a single hospital.

A strain of Staphylococcus aureus has been isolated from a hospital environment over 3 months. Every isolate was lysed by phage 77, had high-level resistance to streptomycin, and was resistant to about 250 pg per ml of both tetracycline and sulphonamide; a combination of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim produced little bacteristatic synergy towards each isolate. All These organisms were thus considered to be "the same"; the variation in other properties was probably due to rapid evolutionary change in vivo. the variation in senxitivity to methicillin and neomycin, and the absence of penicillinase production in some isolates, probably indicated loss of the relevant genes. Several isolates had probably acquired resistance to lincomycin by a one-step mutatuon in vivo. The usefulness of lincomycin and analogues in treating staphylococcal infections seems limited.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1975

Simian hemorrhagic fever: Studies of coagulation and pathology.

Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHF) was induced in three species of monkeys (Macaca mulatta, M. radiata and M. fascicularis) using plasma from animals that died with SHF in the 1967 outbreak at the California Primate Research Center. The disease was uniformly fatal in all three species with death occurring by day 5 in M. radiata and M. fascicularis and by day 7 in M. mulatta. Serial studies of hemostasis were consistent with the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, particularly in the M. mulatta. Studies of pathology were typical of previously reported findings in SHF and support the possibility of intravascular coagulation. The role of intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis and outcome of SHF remains uncertain but studies of the influence of heparin on the disease are in progress.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Simian Plasmodium knowlesi malaria: studies of coagulation and pathology.

Uniformly fatal simian malaria was induced in ten rhesus monkeys by injection of Plasmodium knowlesi. The results of serial studies of platelet and blood coagulation factor levels suggested the occurrence of intravascular coagulation during the last 48 hours of the disease, concurrent with a marked fall in hematocrit levels. Fibrinogen survival was slightly decreased (two animals), but quantitative fibrinogen levels were elevated. Pathologic studies revealed only minimal evidence of fibrin deposition without indication of resultant tissue damage. The results are consistent with terminal intravascular coagulation possibly triggered by massive destruction of parasitized red blood cells.

Animals↗