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Biomedical subjects

J Harris

Publications and source records attributed to J Harris.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Comparative study of flurbiprofen and morphine for postsurgical gynecologic pain.

This single-dose, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the efficacy and safety of 50 mg of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) in the relief of postoperative pain following cesarean section, as well as vaginal or abdominal hysterectomies. Results show that both 50 mg of oral flurbiprofen and 10 mg of intramuscular morphine sulfate were significantly superior to placebo in 161 patients with respect to pain intensity after medication, pain relief scores, need for additional analgesia, and overall clinical evaluation of pain relief. By two hours after treatment, there were no significant differences between morphine sulfate and flurbiprofen in terms of pain intensity or degree of pain relief. According to investigators' global evaluations of efficacy, both active treatments were statistically superior to placebo. The only adverse reaction occurred in the morphine treatment group. Flurbiprofen administered orally for the relief of moderate to severe pain following major gynecologic surgery appears to be equal to morphine sulfate and superior to placebo in efficacy and safety. Unlike morphine, flurbiprofen is a nonparenteral, uncontrolled substance, and thus patient acceptance is improved while nursing time is decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Metabolic emergencies in cancer medicine.

This article describes the many metabolic complications encountered in the management of cancer patients. Pathogenetic mechanisms and therapy are discussed, with special emphasis on hypercalcemia, the most common of these disorders.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1986

Radiological evaluation of mid-third facial fractures.

Clinical assessment of patients with facial injuries can be difficult, particularly if there is extensive soft tissue swelling. The maxillofacial surgeon frequently must rely on radiographic images to confirm and delineate the presence of fractures. In particular, the mid-third of the face is a notoriously difficult area in which to delineate fracture lines in the severely injured patient. In this study, three radiographic techniques were compared for the evaluation of patients with mid-facial fractures treated in a major trauma center: plain films; panoramic zonography; and computed axial tomography. The results indicate that quality plain films are frequently difficult to obtain in the severely injured patient. In selected cases, panoramic zonography and computed axial tomography are important complementary methods for accurate assessment of mid-third facial fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of soft tissue sarcoma with fibroblast interferon (beta-interferon): an American Cancer Society/Illinois Cancer Council Study.

Twenty patients with soft tissue sarcoma were treated with iv human fibroblast interferon (beta-interferon). Each cycle of treatment involved 5 X 10(6) units over 10 minutes, then 5 X 10(6) units iv over 3 hours daily X 10 with cycles repeated every 20 days X 3. Maintenance therapy was given twice weekly if disease was stable or responsive after three therapy periods. One patient had a partial response to treatment and six patients experienced stable disease for variable periods of time. Toxicity (fever, fatigue, leukopenia, hepatic enzyme elevations) was moderate and tolerable; therapy (except in one case of profound granulocytopenia) was neither interrupted nor discontinued because of toxicity. We conclude that beta-interferon in the dose and schedule used has limited value for soft tissue sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Radiation therapy for thyroid eye diseases.

Sixty-two patients (28 men and 34 women, 26 to 84 years old) with thyroid ophthalmopathy were treated with approximately 20 Gy of fractionated photon irradiation. Eight of 14 patients with motility problems improved after treatment. Ten of 14 with thyroid optic neuropathy improved or stabilized, but four had recurrences within five months after completion of irradiation. Generally, patients who had disease durations of less than six months responded better than those with more long-term ocular changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Child abuse and neglect: ethical issues.

Children may be abused physically, sexually, emotionally and by omission or commission in any permutation under these headings. This is discussed in terms of the separate and overlapping responsibilities of parents, guardians, the community in which they live and the network of professional services developed to care for, protect and educate children. An attempt is made to place these issues within an ethical framework, with regard to the legislature of England and Wales. It is argued that professionals working within this field have an obligation either to keep up to date in respect of a large and growing body of research and practice knowledge or to consult 'experts' within the field when making complex and far-reaching decisions on behalf of abused children and their families. A representative, inevitably incomplete, bibliography is discussed and appended and there is brief reference to the role of expert witnesses concerning children involved in civil legal proceedings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Gamma-2MSH is natriuretic in the rat.

Previous reports suggest that peptides containing an amino acid sequence similar to that of ACTH-(4-10) increased Na excretion in the rat. gamma 2MSH contains such a sequence. An in vivo rat bioassay for natriuretic factors was employed to demonstrate the natriuretic action of gamma 2MSH. A significant natriuretic effect was observed, with a peak response 30-50 min following the bolus injections of 0.64, 6.4 or 64 pmol, but not with smaller or larger amounts of gamma 2MSH. A kaliuretic and diuretic action of gamma 2MSH was not consistently evident. gamma MSH may represent an endogenous compound involved in the physiological regulation of Na excretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Biogenic amine/metabolite response during in-flight emergencies.

Urine excretion of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5HT) and the metabolites vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), 4-hydroxy-3 methoxyphenylglycol (MHPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was determined for students (n = 19) and instructors (n = 21) involved in flying training in-flight emergencies. Timed urine samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Basal excretion rates were determined at a later date. Four indices showed significant alteration during the emergencies. Epinephrine and the sum of epinephrine plus norepinephrine increased, the ratio dopamine/norepinephrine decreased and the ratio norepinephrine/serotonin increased. Instructors and students differed only in that VMA and the sum VMA plus MHPG were higher in students. Among the emergencies monitored, smoke and fumes in the cockpit and mechanical problems caused the greatest stress responses.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Megestrol acetate used as primary hormonal therapy in stage D prostatic cancer.

The majority of patients with advanced prostatic cancer respond either to castration or estrogen therapy. In an attempt to identify an alternative hormonal therapy, 25 symptomatic stage D prostate cancer patients were treated with megestrol acetate as initial hormonal therapy. Thirty-three patients were evaluable for response as defined by the National Prostatic Cancer Project criteria. Partial remission was observed in 11 patients and stable disease in 5, with an overall response rate of 70%. The projected median duration of response and survival were 10 and 20 months, respectively. Weight gain was common, but only two patients showed evidence of fluid retention. Gynecomastia, thromboembolic episodes, and gastrointestinal side effects were not observed in this group of patients, though two patients had increased pain shortly after therapy was initiated. Thus, in advanced prostatic cancer, megestrol acetate is effective primary therapy with minimal side effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and characterization of a newly identified antigen from ragweed pollen by organic solvent extraction.

An allergenically active protein, designated as RFB2, was isolated from short ragweed pollen using an aqueous-organic solvent system followed by gel chromatography. Antigen RFB2 was found to be homogeneous based on several criteria, e.g., column chromatography, gel electrophoresis and immunodiffusion. The molecular weight of antigen RFB2 was estimated to be approximately 85,000 daltons based on the results of gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B. Amino acid analysis revealed that antigen RFB2 contains about twice the amount of leucine and proline and about one-third the amount of cysteine and aspartic acid found in the water soluble antigens AgE, AgK and AgRa3. Antigen RFB2 showed total immunological identity with one of the AgE and the AgK precipitin bands and partial immunological identity with the AgRa3 precipitin band.

Allergens↗