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Biomedical subjects

J Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to J Hansen.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Renal hypertrophy in experimental diabetes. A morphometric study.

Renal hypertrophy in rats with streptozotocin diabetes or after unilateal nephrectomy was studied by sterological techniques. -- After 4 days of diabetes total glomerular volume had increased by 30%, and after 47 days by 43%. Glomerular growth was more pronounced than whole kidney growth during the first 4 days, but subsequently whole kidney growth exceeded glomerular growth. In control rats glomerular volume was 4.9% of total kidney volume; after 4 days of diabetes it was 5.4% and after 47 days 4.1%. -- Proximal tubule length increased from 366 m/kidney in control rats to 447 m/kidney after 47 days of diabetes; tubular luminal diameter increased from 26.8 micrometer to 31.4 micrometer in the same rats. Tubular length and luminal diameter were, however, not increased after 4 days of diabetes. -- In unilaterally nephrectomised rats there was no early rapid glomerular growth. Glomerular fractional volume was 4.9% in controls, 4.4% at four days, and 4.2% at 24 days after nephrectomy. -- The results indicate a disturbed glomerulo-tubular balance in the early phases of diabetic renal hypertrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Intracranial Saccular Aneurysms. Results of treatment in 851 patients.

The series studied comprises all 851 patients with symptom-producing intracranial saccular aneurysms admitted to the departments of neurosurgery in Denmark in the five-year period of 1970-1974. The series was divided into seven clinical stages according to Hunt's classification. More than half of the patients were grouped in stages IV and V (Hunt grade 2-3). Of the patients, 76% were found primarily suitable for operation. The mortality within the individual stages was to a great extent independent of the time of operation. A total of 94% of the aneurysms were localized within the region of the carotid artery, with a roughly equal distribution among the internal carotid, anterior communicating, and middle cerebral arteries. Multiple aneurysms were found in 19% of the patients subjected to panangiography. There was a distinct correlation between the severity of the spasms and the clinical condition. The course of operation was complicated in 49% of the patients, the complications being equally distributed within the various clinical stages. The mortality for the patients who underwent operation (total 567) was 32%, and 80% of the deaths were due to direct or indirect consequences of aneurysmal bleeding. At the follow-up performed two to seven years after operation, 52% of the survivors were fully capacitated, 20% were partly capacitated, and 28% were incapacitated. Based on a retrospective analysis, we have started a comprehensive prospective study with registration of available parameters in patients with saccular aneurysms admitted to all departments of neurosurgery in Denmark.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Familiality in breast cancer: a case-control study in a Sweden population.

1330 consecutively diagnosed breast-cancer patients, and an equal number of paired aged-matched controls without breast cancer, were investigated for a familial history of breast cancer. Patients and controls received identical questionnaires. One relative or more with breast cancer was reported by 18.6% of the patients and by 12.3% of the controls, giving a standardized relative risk (SRR) of 1.6 (P < 0.01). One or more first-degree relatives with breast cancer were reported by 11.2% of the patients and by 6.8% of the controls, with an SRR of 1.7 (P < 0.01). For second-degree relatives the SRR was 1.5 (P < 0.05). Of the patients, 3.9% had mothers with breast cancer compared to 2.7% of the controls (SRR = 1.4, N.S.). One or more sisters with breast canceer were reported by 10.1% of the patients and by 5.1% of the controls (SRR = 2.0, P < 0.01). No distinct difference in familiality between the different age groups was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Age at first birth, parity and risk of breast cancer in a Swedish population.

A case-control study was conducted over a period of 11 months in an area containing one-third of the Swedish population. One thousand and one patients participated, constituting 94% of all women newly diagnosed as having breast cancer within the area. They were compared with 1,001 age-matched, non-hospitalized controls without breast cancer, selected by paired sampling from a population register. The risk of breast cancer was slightly, but significantly, related to parity, the standardized relative risk (SRR) being 1.35 for nulliparous women as compared to ever parous. In the different parity groups a risk significantly lower than that for nulliparous women was found only for women with more than 2 children (SRR = 0.59) but the trend with parity was highly significant (P less than 0.001). Age at first birth was not found to be an important risk factor for breast cancer. SRR was lower than for nulliparous women in all groups of women with their first birth before the age of 35 years, but the difference was significant (P less than 0.05) only for those with the first birth between 20 and 24 (SSR = 0.69) and 25 and 29 (SRR = 0.69) years of age. The trend with age at first birth (P less than 0.05) disappeared after stratification for parity, suggesting that it was a confounding factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Specificity of initiation factor preparations from poliovirus-infected cells.

Crude initiation factor preparations from poliovirus-infected cells stimulated the translation of poliovirus RNA in vitro, but were inactive for the translation of host cell or vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA's. In contrast, similar preparations from either uninfected or vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells supported the initiation of translation of host cell mRNA's and both viral mRNA's. These results reflect a specific alteration of some components(s) of the initiation factor preparation from poliovirus-infected cells which is consistent with the ability of the virus to inhibit the translation of host cell and vesicular stomatitis virus-directed protein synthesis.

HeLa Cells↗
PubMed1980

Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee joint in retired football players.

The possible relationship between football playing and osteoarthritis in the hip and knee joints has been examined. The results of clinical and radiographic examinations of 57 retired football players and a corresponding control group were compared. Osteoarthritis of the hip joint was found to occur significantly more often in the football players than in the controls. Such a relationship could not be found regarding the knee joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Timed 12-hour specimens in outpatient estriol monitoring.

Use of maternal urinary estriol excretion to monitor fetal status is often hampered by the difficulties of obtaining 24-hour specimens. Evidence is presented that timed, 12-hour overnight specimens may be substituted for the 24-hour specimens in certain patient groups. A simple non-refrigerated transport system which facilitates outpatient estriol monitoring is also described.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1979

Serine hydroxymethylase. Specificity of bond cleaveage to form quinonoid intermediates and rate of holoenzyme formation.

L-Serine transhydroxymethylase (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase, EC 2.1.2.1) a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, has been obtained as a homogeneous preparation with a specific activity of 6.7 mumol benzaldehyde per minute at 30 degrees C at pH 7.5 in N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (Hepes) buffer, with DL-threo-beta-phenylserine as a substrate. This enzyme has been used to study the specificity of bond cleavage in forming quinonoid intermediates from DL and non-asymmetric amino acids. The ability of the generated quinonoids to react with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde has also been studied and evidence obtained for formation of the corresponding beta-hydroxymethyl and beta-hydroxyethyl amino acid derivaties. Apotranshydroxymethylase has been prepared and the rate of holoenzyme formation was found to be 0.52 min-1 by measuring Schiff base formation at 425 nm and 0.66 min-1 as determined from restoration of enzymic activity. A requirement for the presence of mercaptoethanol for complete reactivation was also established by these studies.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1979

The identification of 'casein' in human breast cancer.

A retrospective study of ninety-six cases of breast cancer was carried out to determine the prognostic values of a casein immunolocalization technique. This was performed using an indirect immunofluorescence method with antisera raised in rabbits to pooled human casein. Fluorescence positivity was graded according to its intensity and distribution. The pathology of each tumour was studied and the tumour type, histological grade and tissue response assessed. The relationship between these observations and the casein content of the tumour was studied. In addition the correlation between casein content and age, menopausal state, clinical staging and survival was investigated. The incidence of casein positivity in our series was 50% with approximately half of the positive cases showing strong fluorescence. There was a relationship between casein content and the age of the patients, with casein being more frequently found in tumours from younger patients. Tumours with a high casein content, in general, show a poorer survival than the group as a whole. This difference in survival was most marked in the first eight years after operation and restricted to those tumours in clinical stage I and histological grade I. The presence of casein in the tumours did not appear to be related to the other factors examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Thyroid function in breast cancer patients before and up to two years after mastectomy.

In 41 women newly diagnosed as having breast cancer the thyroid function was assessed by determination of the serum TSH, tririodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), thyroxine (T4), T3-resin uptake and free T4-index. Blood samples were drawn before the primary treatment and at follow-up after 7-28 months. There was no significant change in any of these variables during the period of observation. Nor was there any difference between the values of the patients who developed recurrent disease and of those who did not. These results contradict previously proposed hypotheses of a progressive decrease in thyroid function after primary treatment and of a relation between the clinical course and the thyroid function in breast cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Brain atrophy in chronic alcoholism. Clinical and computer tomographic study].

Fifty chronic alcoholics (37 men and 13 women, ages 26--55, mean age 39.9 years) with different clinical syndromes (alcoholic psychosis, alcoholic encephalopathies) were studied by computerized cranial tomography. Cerebral atrophy was detected in 96% of all cases. Combined cortical and subcortical signs were encountered in almost all cases. Cortical atrophy seemed to be detectable more easily by CT than by pneumencephalography. The computerized tomographic findings were studied in their relations to age, sex, duration of abuse, clinical syndromes, frequency of relapse (and seizures, too), etc. Cerebral atrophy was correlated primarily with the subjects' age and the duration, and less with the intensity of alcoholism. The most distinct changes were found in delirium syndromes and, in cases with relapse of psychosis, especially in combination with seizures. Wernicke-Korsakow encephalopathies showed the widest third ventricles when combined with repeated syndromes of withdrawal in their case histories. Computerized tomographic examinations of ten patients during acute psychosis as well as 4 weeks later showed identical findings; transitory changes, e.g., cerebral edema, were not detected. Computerized cranial tomography appears to be extremely useful to study the numerous open questions concerning the pathogenetic role of age, duration, and severity of abuse with cerebral atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on rat carotid body chief cells.

Administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in concentrations high enough to cause degeneration of perivascular adrenergic nerve terminals has no morphological effect on the catecholamine-storing cells of the rat carotid body. Uptake of 6-OHDA by carotid body chief cells may be more selective than that exhibited by small-intensely-fluorescent cells and other catecholamine-storing cells which are affected by 6-OHDA. Alternatively, the sustentacular cells which envelope the chief cells may provide an effective barrier against the uptake of 6-OHDA.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1978

Contrasting patterns of newer histocompatibility determinants in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

The Ia alloantigens as measures of different alleles of loci in the major histocompatibility complex were determined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The Ia specificities of reagents used were defined by their pattern of reaction with lymphoblastoid lines derived from normal donors homozygous for HLA-D determinants. The reagent specificities included those associated with a single Dw type as well as those reacting with a single specificity shared by several Dw types. Patients with RA had a marked elevation in the frequency of alloantigens detected by reagent sera that recognize various determinants shared by cell lines from HLA-Dw4, Dw7, or Dw10 individuals (Ia 4-7-10). The frequency of mixed lymphocyte culture alleles Dw4 and Dw10 was found to be increased; however this elevation did not approach the higher frequency for the serologically determined antigens of the Ia 4-7-10 group. In contrast, patients with SLE had an increased frequency of reactions with the reagent alloantisera defined by reactions with either HLA-Dw2 or Dw3 positive cell lines. The data suggest that immunogenetic factors are relevant to both groups of patients, but that these are entirely distinct for each disease.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗