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Biomedical subjects

J H Scheibel

Publications and source records attributed to J H Scheibel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Wound infection rates following preoperative versus intraoperative commencement of antibiotic prophylaxis.

The effect of antibiotic prophylaxis initiated one hour prior to contamination or at the time of contamination was evaluated in a randomized blind study using a guinea pig model of surgical wound infection. Would infection, defined as accumulation of pus draining spontaneously or after opening of the wound, developed in 135 guinea pigs after intraincisional contamination before wound closure with 10(7) Escherichia coli plus 10(8) Bacteroides fragilis. Antibiotic prophylaxis with gentamicin plus clindamycin significantly reduced the wound sepsis rate from 82% in the control group of 61 animals to 19% in the two treated groups of 68 and 67 animals (p less than 0.001). However, the timing of antibiotic prophylaxis did not influence wound sepsis rates, rectal temperature during the postoperative period, or bacterial recovery from wound infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Chlamydia trachomatis in acute epididymitis.

The etiology of acute epididymitis was studied in 52 patients. Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis was demonstrated by culture or serology in 13 patients. In men under the age of 25 C. trachomatis was associated with 7 out of 9 cases of epididymitis, in contrast to none of the 19 cases in men above 35. Culture from the urethra is probably sufficient in diagnosing infection with C. trachomatis in patients with acute epididymitis, since only one patient with a negative urethral culture had a chlamydia-positive aspirate from the epididymis. Half of the cases of epididymitis in men above the age of 35 years were associated with urinary tract infection. One patient was infected with N. gonorrhoeae and one had tuberculosis of the epididymis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Bioassay of clindamycin in bile.

This study compares different preparations of standard solutions for determining clindamycin in bile. Pooled human serum, ox bile, 10% human bile, and 0.1 M phosphate buffer were compared, and pooled human bile was serving as reference standard curve. The use of pooled human serum and ox bile resulted in a considerable error of overestimation of clindamycin in bile. An error of underestimation occurred when 10% human bile or 0.1 M phosphate buffer was used as a standard solution. It is concluded that none of the different preparations tested are acceptable substitutes for human bile.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Wound sepsis after elective cholecystectomy. Restriction of prophylactic antibiotics to risk groups.

This prospective study of elective cholecystectomy investigated the frequency and type of bacteria in gallbladder bile at operation, the factors predicting the presence of bacteria in bile, and the relationship between bacteria in bile and subsequent wound sepsis. In 148 consecutive cases 23% of bile cultures were positive. The overall wound infection rate was 15%, but 91% of all wound infections occurred in patients with positive bile cultures. Eighty-five per cent of all positive bile cultures and 86% of all wound infections occurred in 37% of the patients, characterized by age over 60 years and/or a history of previous attacks of acute cholecystitis. We suggest that in elective cholecystectomy prophylactic antibiotics should be restricted to this group of patients to limit the use of antibiotics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Anaerobic, non-clostridial fasciitis and myonecrosis of the abdominal wall. Pure anaerobic infection originating from neglected inflammation of an urachal remnant.

A pure anaerobic infection of the abdominal wall of a 40-year-old man is described. The infection originated from an urachal remnant. Seven different bacterial strains were isolated. Even though no clostridia were involved, the infection caused extensive necrosis of the abdominal wall including both fascia and muscles.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1978

Septic complications in colo-rectal surgery after 24 hours versus 60 hours of preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation. I. Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study.

A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was performed to compare 24 hours and 60 hours of preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation by means of gentamicin + vancomycin + mycostatin. 83 patients undergoing elective colo-rectal operations completed the study (Tablet I), and the two groups proved similar in terms of age, sex, diagnosis, surgical procedures and operation time (Table II). No significant difference in septic complications was found between patients receiving 24 hours and 60 hours of preoperative treatment (Table III). Wound infection occurred significantly more frequently in operations of long duration (Table IV). Cultures made from infected wounds revealed a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in half of the cases, whereas pure aerobic or anaerobic infections were equally frequent (Table V).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Septic complications in colo-rectal surgery after 24 hours versus 60 hours of preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation. II. Significance of bacterial concentrations in the bowel for contamination of the operation field and subsequent wound infection.

In a controlled study, the results of peroral preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation administered for 24 vs. 60 hours, respectively, were compared. No differences were found in concentrations of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria or in concentrations of antibiotics in colonic contents. Contamination of the operation field during operation was examined by quantitative culture of irrigation fluid from the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue. A significant correlation was found between concentrations of bacteria in colonic contents and the degree of contamination in the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue. A significant correlation was also found between contamination of the operation field and subsequent development of wound infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of wound contamination by wound irrigation. Experimental investigations on quantitative recovery of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria.

The quantitative recovery of E. coli, S. faecalis and B. fragilis from operative abdominal wounds was investigated in pigs in an experimental model suitable for statistical calculations. Wounds were contaminated in groups of ten with different numbers of either a single bacterial species or a mixture of two species. The wound was irrigated with saline 20 minutes after contamination. Significant differences in recovery were found between the bacterial species investigated. Expressed as percentage of the number of bacteria used for contamination, the recovery for a given species was rather low, but it was constant and independent of the degree of contamination. The investigation did not suggest any principle difference in the recovery of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. The clinical applicability of the method is not yet clarified.

Animals↗