Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J H Ruys.
Scarring of the dorsum of the hand is described, often severe and apparently permanent. This is the result of frequent venipunctures in the neonatal period in low birth weight babies.
Using a transcutaneous Doppler technique we found a significantly lower cerebrovascular resistance and higher cerebral blood flow velocity indicating vasodilatation and increase of cerebral blood flow in small for gestational age infants compared with appropriate for gestational age infants during the first days of life. We speculate that these findings are due to a continuation of the fetal situation in which chronic hypoxia, mostly caused by pregnancy-induced hypertension, possibly causes a prostacyclin-induced vasodilatation.
An in vitro study showed that the use of transparent plastic insulation to decrease heat loss from newborn infants substantially decreases the transmission of phototherapy light. The decrease is proportional to the number of plastic layers between the light source and the baby because of reflection from the surface of the plastic. This increases if the surface is irregular. Thickness and the type of plastic used had no effect.
In a study to test the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in staging untreated patients with cervical cancer, the interpretations of the CT scans of pelvis and abdomen of 56 consecutive patients were compared with surgical and/or clinical findings. This study clearly demonstrates that CT is unreliable in diagnosing parametrial tumour invasion and that it is not justified to make the therapeutically important differentiation between a IB or IIB stage with CT. In demonstrating metastatic lymph nodes, the accuracy of CT was only 75%, predominantly due to metastatic deposits in normal-sized nodes. CT was less accurate in diagnosing bladder wall and sigmoid invasion than cystoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, respectively, and was as accurate as urography in diagnosing ureteric obstruction. For these reasons, CT is not indicated as a routine procedure in cervical cancer staging, particularly not in the early stages of the disease. CT may be helpful in the higher clinical stages to measure tumour bulk and to get an impression about the whole extent of the disease.
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A full term neonate in which by accident a metabolic alkalosis was found, is described. The origin of the metabolic alkalosis was excessive vomiting by the mother during the days prior to delivery. The simplified form of the Henderson Hasselbalch equation is used to describe the factors responsible for the generation of metabolic alkalosis. Consequences for the neonate are mentioned, especially the vasoconstriction of the cerebral vessels is discussed. Treatment should be rehydration and administration of sodium-chloride.
The effect of dose interval on gentamicin serum concentrations in preterm babies (less than 35 weeks gestational age) was studied in the first week after birth. When gentamicin (2,5 mg/kg) was given intravenously every 12 hours, 53% of the babies had elevated pre dose serum concentrations (greater than 2,0 microgram/ml). This occurred in 27% of the babies when gentamicin was given every 18 hours (p less than 0.01). We recommend that 2.5 mg/kg/18 hours should be used in preterm babies in the first week after birth, although monitoring of gentamicin serum levels remains essential.
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Linear array real time ultrasound was used to measure the diameter of the lateral in 80 infants of varying gestational ages (26 to 42 weeks). The measurements were performed in an axial plane through the temporopariëtal bone. They can be considered as normal values for the varying gestational ages. The normal values can be used for the early detection of hydrocephalus or ventricle dilation due to cerebral atrophy.
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Two sibs with similar and unusual abnormalities (skeletal malformations, cheilognatopalatoschizis, ear dysplasia, heart malformation) are described. The question as to whether these cases represent a previously undescribed recessive syndrome is discussed.
Factor VIII-related antigen was assayed in adults in venous citrated samples and in samples taken with heparinized and plain capillaries blown out in citrate. The three sampling methods gave nearly identical results in a wide range of values. Two of the sampling methods were used in newborns and again the results showed excellent correlation.
A baby of 1 100 g and a gestational age of 28 weeks with severe idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome was treated with pressure limited artificial ventilation and positive and expiratory pressure. After 30 hours the infant deteriorated and the chest radiograph showed air in the carotid, subclavian and aortic artery.
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