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J H Ricker

Publications and source records attributed to J H Ricker.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Visuoperceptual-spatial ability and visual memory in vascular dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer type.

This study investigated the relationship between visuoperceptual ability and visual memory in dementia. Twenty individuals with probable dementia of the Alzheimer type, 24 individuals with probable vascular dementia, and 20 healthy, elderly adults underwent neuropsychological evaluation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses suggested that perceptual organization skills contributed to a significant amount of the variance in novel, but not famous, face recognition. This finding was most robust in the clinical groups. Causality cannot be attributed from this regression model. Results suggest, however, that visual processing deficits are more strongly related to the memory process at the time of encoding rather than during recognition of remote information.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Verbal learning patterns in moderate and severe traumatic brain injury.

Previous studies that have examined performances on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have found differing levels of performance. Differential patterns of performance, however, have only been inferred. The present investigation sought to determine empirically if differential patterns of performance could be discerned in a TBI sample of 65 subjects with CVLT variables. The CVLT variables were selected based on the instrument's factor structure. Cluster analysis yielded four distinct subtypes of brain-injured individuals. The Active subtype demonstrated impaired unassisted retrieval, but used active encoding strategies and showed relatively intact ability to store novel information. The Disorganized subtype demonstrated an inconsistent, haphazard learning style along with deficits in encoding. The Passive subtype was marked by an overreliance on a serial clustering strategy as well as impaired encoding and/or consolidation. The Deficient subtype was the most impaired of all groups, exhibiting a slowed rate of acquisition, passive learning style, and significant impairment in encoding. Implications for rehabilitation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Concurrent validity of the MAE visual naming test.

Deficient confrontation naming has been observed in a number of neurological illnesses, as well as in aphasia and normal aging. The Visual Naming Test (VNT) of the Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE) is a standardized measure of confrontation naming. One hundred patients, consecutively referred for neuropsychological evaluation, were administered the VNT, Boston Naming Test (BNT), and WAIS-R. Concurrent validity of the two confrontation naming measures was demonstrated by their high intertest agreement. Performance on the VNT was found to be related to a unique ability separate from general intellectual functioning. Suggestions regarding the clinical use of the VNT are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical utility of a recognition paradigm of the Visual Form Discrimination Test.

The utility of the Visual Form Discrimination Test as a motor free test of visual discrimination and recognition memory was first evaluated in samples of young and elderly community dwelling adults. Weighted score performance on the discrimination test was approximately two points higher than that of the recognition test for both age groups. The older group made more peripheral errors on both versions of the test and fewer correct responses on the recognition test than the younger group. In Study 2, the Visual Form tasks were administered to patient groups with left or right hemisphere stroke. Both patient groups were lower on both the discrimination and recognition versions of the Visual Form Test relative to the controls in Study 1. When evaluating the visual field in which major rotations and major distortions occurred, the expected contralateral neglect was observed for the stroke groups. The recognition version of the Visual Form Test appears to be sensitive to subtle hemi-spatial neglect. The results from these studies support the utility of these motor-free visual processing tasks.

Journal Article↗