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Biomedical subjects

J H Overton

Publications and source records attributed to J H Overton.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acute epiglottitis in children.

The records of one hundred and sixty-one children with acute epiglottitis admitted to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children between January 1975 and June 1984 were reviewed. Forty-five complications occurred in thirty-four patients, including five deaths. The preferred method of airway management is direct laryngoscopy and nasotracheal intubation under general anaesthesia in the presence of skilled assistance. There should be no attempt to lie the child down prior to this, nor should awake laryngoscopy be attempted, as this may precipitate a respiratory arrest. Chloramphenicol (with or without ampicillin) should be commenced after blood cultures are obtained, as 20% of the sensitivities available demonstrated resistance to ampicillin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Physicochemical processes and the formulation of dosimetry models.

The major physical and chemical processes involved in the transport and absorption of O3 or NO2 in the lower respiratory tract are discussed. This includes the development of respiratory tract models, flow patterns, and transport in tube networks, the mucous, surfactant, and tissue layers, and chemical reactions and transport of O3 or NO2 within these layers. Descriptions of the individual processes are simplified and integrated to illustrate the formulation of dosimetry models. Data from a dosimetry model, formulated from the concepts discussed, are used to illustrate the types of information obtained by modeling.

Absorption↗
PubMed1984

A paediatric "cardiac arrest" survey.

In the calendar year 1981 a prospective survey was carried out at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney, to investigate patients who sustained a cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA). Forty-one patients suffered CRA in the wards of the hospital and eight patients in the operating theatre or recovery ward. Thirty-three patients (66%) responded to initial resuscitation and 21 patients (42%) survived to leave hospital. Of the 41 patients who sustained CRA in the wards of the hospital, 15 had neurological disease, 12 respiratory disease, four septicaemia and three complex congenital heart disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The safety of atropine premedication in children with Down's syndrome.

Forty-five operative procedures were performed in 32 patients with Down's syndrome at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney in a single year recently. Atropine premedication was administered to 25 patients with Down's syndrome on 38 occasions. Three dosage regimes of atropine were used: 20 micrograms/kg, 12 micrograms/kg, both intramuscularly, and 10 micrograms/kg intravenously. There was no statistically significant difference in the alteration of heart rate for the three dosage groups of atropine used when children with Down's syndrome were compared with weight-matched control children having similar operative procedures performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A new endotracheal tube for neonatal use.

A new endotracheal tube for neonatal use is described in which a 5FG pressure measuring catheter is attached to the convex surface of a conventional polyvinylchloride endotracheal tube. Using this modified endotracheal tube intratracheal pressure can be measured. Preliminary studies were undertaken in three infants. It was found that at high ventilatory rates (above 80/min) pressures measured within the trachea were different from those measured in the ventilator circuit.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Profound hypothermia with circulatory arrest: nine years' clinical experience.

A total of 550 intracardiac operations were performed with the aid of profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest between March, 1971, and December, 1979. Both cooling and rewarming were effected by means of an extracorporeal heat exchanger. Overall mortality was 20%, falling to 10% in 1979. Highest risks were associated with operations in the neonatal period and for unusually complex defects. The technique has proved safe for straight forward corrections in young age groups and is especially valuable for selected complex lesions in older children and those requiring reoperation. Although circulatory arrest has greatly extended the range of corrective heart operation in infancy, we believe there is still a significant place for palliative procedures in appropriate circumstances. Neurologic complications attributed to the technique have been uncommon, and only 4.5% of the survivors have any recognizable residual neurologic lesion, whether coincidental or resulting from circulatory arrest. The technique is simple, reliable, and generally safe.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Selective bronchial blocking in children.

The use of the Fogarty arterial embolectomy catheter as an endobronchial blocker in infants and children has previously been reported. The further development of this technique is outlined and its use in two patients is described.

Bronchi↗