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Biomedical subjects

J H Olving

Publications and source records attributed to J H Olving.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Characteristics of fire victims in different sorts of fires.

We studied retrospectively 286 cases of fire deaths from a 10 year period. The victims were classified according to the type of fire. Among the victims of smouldering fire, 80% had lethal HbCO saturations, whereas only 30% had such saturations when an accelerant had been used. The third group consisted of victims of fires in which the type of fire was, for various reasons, undetermined. HbCO saturations were not influenced by sex, age, concomitant disease or blood alcohol concentration. In eight cases neither respiratory soot nor HbCO was detected in spite of evidence that the deceased was alive as the fire broke out. The material included nine cases of homicide and 22 cases of suicide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Slow progression to AIDS in intravenous drug users infected with HIV in Norway.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the rate of progression to AIDS and to death, and the causes of death among intravenous drug users in Norway. DESIGN: This was a prospective study. The study population was followed from diagnosis of HIV seropositivity until death or the end of the study period. The mean follow up was 56 months (range 1-73 months). SETTING: Subjects were recruited from a public HIV test clinic and followed by linkage to the National AIDS Registry and the National Cause of Death Registry. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 131 HIV positive intravenous drug users were included. The study population represented 75% of all intravenous drug users who had been diagnosed as HIV positive in Norway before 1987. None were lost to follow up. MAIN RESULTS: Four years after study entry, 3% (95% confidence interval, 0, 6%) had developed AIDS, while 15% (95% CI, 9, 21%) had died. Of the 25 subjects who died during the follow up period, 21 died from unnatural causes. Drug overdose accounted for 17 of these deaths. AIDS was the cause of death of three subjects only. Age more than 30 years at entry to the study was associated with short survival. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the progression rate to AIDS in intravenous drug users is slow.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[Suicide among young people aged 15-29 years in Oslo. The development in the Nordic countries and regional variations in Norway].

The suicide rate in Norway has doubled during the last 20-25 years. The increase was much higher for the age group 15 to 29 years. Among young men and women between 15 and 29 years in Oslo there was no increase in the suicide rate from the period 1975-1981 to the period 1982-1988. Many of the persons who committed suicide had been treated for mental disorders, had problems with alcohol and drugs or were intoxicated when they did it. At least 27% had attempted suicide before. From the period 1975-1981 to the period 1982-1988 there was no increase in the suicide rate among young people in the two largest cities, Oslo and Bergen, but this rate had doubled in the two southernmost and the three northernmost couties. Nowhere was there an increase in suicides by females in the group aged 15-29 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Alcohol and statistics of causes of death in middle-aged men in Oslo. A forensic study].

The study comprised male citizens of Oslo, aged 30-64 years, who died outside hospital and were autopsied at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Rikshopsitalet, from 1984 to 1988. Of the 636 cases, 195 (30.7%) were classified as alcoholics and 441 as non-alcoholics. The cause of death remained unknown after autopsy and toxicological analyses in 17.4% of the alcoholics and in 5.4% of the non-alcoholics. Suicide by other methods than medicamental poisoning was 6-7 times more frequent among non-alcoholics than among alcoholics, while death from poisoning was definitely more common among alcoholics. The frequency of lethal accidents other than intoxications was similar in both cases. Coronary heart disease was the cause of 72.7% of the natural deaths among the non-alcoholics. Among the alcoholics, however, infections (24.3%) and alcohol-related disorders (15.9%) caused nearly as many deaths as coronary heart disease (25.3%). There was a high rate of blood-alcohol concentration (greater than or equal to 0.5%) in men who died from accidents, suicides and homicides, irrespective of whether they were alcoholics or not. The findings give evidence that alcohol has a strong impact on the mortality statistics for Norwegian middle-aged men.

Accidents↗
PubMed1981

Tracheal changes in relation to different tracheostomy techniques. (An experimental study on rabbits).

An experimental study on rabbits was undertaken to evaluate the effect of the tracheostomy technique on the development of tracheal stenosis. An operation model was made for the purpose of excluding all pathogenetic factors in the formation of tracheal stenosis, except the surgical procedure. Five different operative methods were used: A. vertical incision, B. anterior wall flap, C. H-type incision, D. window-type excision, and E. subperichondreal enucleation of cartilage. The "cannulation" period was 7 days, and the animals were kept alive for another 140 days before postmortem examinations were undertaken. Minor macroscopical and microscopical changes were noted. The pathological findings were somewhat more pronounced in groups B, C and E than in the other groups. The tracheostomy technique apparently plays a minor role in the formation of tracheal stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Polymorphism of the sixth component of complement (C6) in Norwegian Lapps.

Typing of the sixth component of complement (C6) was performed on serum samples from 167 unrelated Norwegian Lapps. The following allele frequencies were found: C6A, 0.53 and C6B, 0.47. The phenotype distribution was in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Variant phenotypes were not observed. A preliminary material of 1,623 non-Lappish Norwegians showed the following allele frequencies: C6A, 0.59 and C6B, 0.41. The difference in allele distribution between the two materials was statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Genetic linkage relations of the sixth component of complement (C6).

Linkage relations between the C6 and 33 other genetic marker loci have been analyzed in Norwegian pedigrees, including 114 matings with 388 informative children, by use of the MOSM computer program. No suggestion of linkage was found. Very close or close linkage (theta less than 0.06) has been ruled out for males between C6 and the following 19 marker loci: GPT, HLA + Bf, Rh, C3, Hp, PGM3, Km, Gm, Fy, Gc, ABO Jk, GLO1, K, MNSs, PTC, ACP1, PGM1, and Pi. For several of the relations even loose-linkage is unlikely.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Fibro-osseous lesions of the cranio-facial bones.

A brief review of cranio-facial fibro-osseous lesions is given and 15 cases of fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma are presented with clinical, radiological and histomorphological findings. After histological verification of the fibro-osseous nature of the process, 5 lesions were diagnosed on an radiological basis as fibrous dysplasia exhibiting diffuse (blending) margins, while the diagnosis of ossifying fibroma was given to 10 radiologically sharply-demarcated lesions. Both groups of lesions presented the same histomorphological features, although to a varying degree. Spheroidal calcifications, however, were identified in ossifying fibroma only, but not in all of these. Thus, the differential diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia versus ossifying fibroma rests on a radiological criterion after the histopathologist has verified the fibro-osseous nature of a lesion. The observation times varied from 1 1/2 to 34 years. Two cases of fibrous dysplasia and 3 cases of ossifying fibroma recurred. In one case of fibrous dysplasia an osteosarcoma developed 33 years after irradiation. Pain was a common symptom in the present material.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Nonlinkage between C6 and chromosome 6 markers.

C6 typing was performed in a family material by two different techniques: serum or plasma samples were subjected either to high-voltage agarose gel electrophoresis or to isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel slabs. Proteins with C6 activity were then visualized by a specific, hemolytic assay. In 81 unrelated adults within the family material the following allele frequencies were found: C6A:0.61 and C6B:0.39. Linkage studies exclude linkage between C6 and HLA region marker loci, and also between C6 and another chromosome 6 marker locus PGM3.

Adult↗