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Biomedical subjects

J H Muller

Publications and source records attributed to J H Muller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Writing for publication: a workshop to prepare faculty as medical writers.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A 2 1/2-day Writing for Publication Workshop was presented to faculty and fellows for 5 successive years, 1991-1995. This paper describes the workshop curriculum and reports evaluation results. METHODS: A three-part evaluation plan incorporated both quantitative and qualitative methods. First, a nine-item questionnaire was administered to the 1992-1995 participants immediately prior to and after the workshop to identify perceived change in knowledge and skills. Second, a follow-up qualitative interview was administered to the 1991 and 1992 participants to identify their perceptions of the workshop's usefulness. Third, pre- and postworkshop publications of the 1991 and 1992 participants were analyzed to identify types of publications and significant differences in rates of publication. RESULTS: Eighty individuals participated in the five workshops given during the 1991-1995 period. Pre/post self-assessment data indicated significant increases in perceived knowledge and skill in all nine areas of assessment. The follow-up interview data showed that participants felt that the workshop motivated them to begin and sustain writing projects, gave them skills that made their writing more effective, and demystified the submission and publication processes. Analysis of the difference between pre- and postworkshop rates of publication showed a significant increase in the rate of publication. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation findings indicate that the Writing for Publication Workshop met its educational objectives. Future curricula to prepare faculty as medical writers need to be tested using quasi-experimental designs to determine their impact on publication productivity and quality.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Shades of blue: the negotiation of limited codes by medical residents.

One of the most difficult decisions facing physicians in contemporary medical practice is whether to initiate or withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for patients who are critically ill. Because of the problems surrounding these decisions, hospital guidelines have recently been developed for the appropriate use of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders. Despite the establishment of these guidelines, problems with the application of DNR orders remain. This study examines one strategy used by internal medicine resident physicians to cope with the problematic nature of decisions regarding resuscitation--the use of partial or slow resuscitation attempts, known as 'limited codes.' It analyzes how these code efforts play a role within the context of resident work by enabling residents to circumvent ethical and practical dilemmas created by the circumstances of their clinical practice.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Ethical dilemmas in a cross-cultural context. A Chinese example.

Considerable attention is now being given to ethical conflicts raised by such issues as the disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis, the role of the family in making medical decisions, and the withholding or withdrawing of treatment of terminally ill patients. Already complicated, these issues take on added complexity in contexts where medical professionals and patients have differing cultural beliefs and practices. Ethical dilemmas that develop in multicultural settings have been largely unaddressed. Through the analysis of a case involving the hospital admission and death of a Chinese woman with metastatic lung cancer, we examine some of these dilemmas and their effect on the patient, family, and physicians. Many issues were raised by this case regarding the relationships among ethnic background, bioethics, and medical care.

Asian↗
PubMed1991

Future educational standards and requirements.

This paper relating to future educational standards and requirements discusses briefly the development and formation of the Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery within the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons and looks at the present situation and hopefully into the future.

Australia↗
PubMed1986

Strategic importance of MIS for home healthcare.

Selecting the most appropriate medical information system will greatly influence the agency's ability to position itself very strongly in an increasingly competitive marketplace. The integration of business and medical applications in one single medical information system reduces financial exposure and permits the agency to expand its range of services to include high-value medical tests. The resulting close working relationship with local physicians will develop into a strong referral linkage. A medical information system, when applied expertly and designed to meet specific local requirements, may represent an important source of additional revenue for the agency and thus more than pay for itself.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Healing of a superficial lesion in the common bile duct of the rabbit.

By means of a special apparatus a superficial lesion was made in the common bile duct of the rabbit; the healing of the lesion was studied by transmitted light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Within a few hours the cells in the epithelial margin became flattened and started to migrate over the bottom of the defect. In most cases the lesion was closed after 16 to 24 hours by epithelial migration. After 24 hours a sharp increase in the mitotic activity occurred, first especially in the crypts, later also in the superficial epithelium. A blood clot on or necrosis of the wound basis seemed to stop the migration of the epithelium. Necrosis of the connective tissue in the central part of the lesion occurred after 24 hours if the lesion was not epithelialized, possibly by the action of bile. In that case the lesion healed by secondary intention. After 2-8 weeks all lesions were healed completely, no strictures being observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A model for the study of epithelial migration in wound healing.

A model is described which enables the detailed study of epithelial regeneration in experimentally produced lesions in the common bile duct of the rabbit. The circular on slightly oval defect of 1 mm diameter produced by a specially developed apparatus has a perfectly smooth base. Epithelial migration in this model has been investigated using light microscopy of transverse sections and scanning electron microscopy of whole preparations. Typical changes in the border cells, characterised by the formation of tapered protusions, can be observed as early as two hours after the lesion has been made. Later the cells in the flattened edge of the moving border also show various types of protrusion which rest on the substratum. Mitotic activity in the surface epithelium and crypts in the surrounding region only increases after closure of the lesion, which usually takes place within 16--24 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The epithelium in healing experimental standard lesions in the gastric mucosa of the rat. A light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical study.

In a series of experiments in rats, the movement of the advancing sheet of epithelial cells streaming from a border region into the woind bed of standardized defects in the glandular mucosa of the stomach was studied using the light microscope and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A very high synthetic activity of mucus in gastric lining cells of the border region (with a typical shift in its reaction product towards a more acidly reacting product showing metachromasia with toluidine blue) was observed histochemically, together with a loss of characteristic features of glandular cells in the border region with an increase in mitotic activity. The SEM images enabled a detailed analysis of the advancing epithelial front in its relation to the border regions. Considerable local differences were noted in the moving pattern of the migrating epithelium, possibly in relation with the nature of the base on which it has to move. The lesion of 3 mm diameter appeared to close usually after 10 days; in some instances, however, small epithelial defects were later found which could easily be traced with the SEM.

Animals↗