Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J H Lumsden

Publications and source records attributed to J H Lumsden.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy: serial, clinical and laboratory (urine, serum biochemistry and hematology) studies.

Human hereditary nephritis refers to familial glomerular diseases which may progress to renal failure. Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy has been shown previously to be a model for hereditary nephritis. Clinical and laboratory studies were performed to follow progression to renal failure in 44 dogs in a family with Samoyed hereditary glomerulopathy. Affected males appeared healthy for their first three months but then became progressively wasted. Proteinuria was detected between two to three months of age; after five months, urine protein electrophoresis showed pre-albumin, albumin and alpha and beta globulin peaks. From three months onward, a reduced glomerular filtration rate was detected. Serum albumin decreased while amylase, urea, creatinine and phosphate increased from four to five months of age. Death from renal failure occurred by 15 months. Carrier females also became thinner and developed proteinuria between two and three months of age, but neither renal failure nor death ensured. Hence, SHG progressed rapidly in affected males but not in carrier females.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Detection of antibodies to Mycoplasma felis in horses.

Mycoplasma felis has been isolated from horses with pleuritis, and limited research indicates that mycoplasma pleuritis can be reproduced in horses. The serodiagnostic potential of the indirect hemagglutination and the metabolism-inhibition tests was evaluated by testing 177 horses for antibodies to M felis. Seven horses with M felis pleuritis developed antibodies, and 6 horses with sterile or bacterial pleuritis had high titers suggesting a previous M felis infection. Six horses with pleuritis (one sterile and five bacterial) had low or no titers to M felis. Only one of 30 horses with conditions other than respiratory diseases seroconverted during hospitalization and the remaining horses had low titers. Seventy-eight foals, 4 to 6 months old, from one farm did not have titers, whereas 7 out of 50 yearlings from the same farm had high titers in the indirect hemagglutination test and titers in the metabolism-inhibition test. It appears that both tests are suitable for serodiagnosis of M felis infection in horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hematology and biochemistry reference values for the ranch fox.

Reference hematology and biochemistry values are presented from a mixed population of 30 silver and red foxes of both sexes, reared and living under fox-farming conditions in southern Ontario. Based on history and physical examination, the animals in this study were clinically healthy at the time of blood collection and maintained under similar husbandry practices. The observations were examined for outliers and Gaussian distribution before and after one of three transformations. Parametric analysis was used to determine lower and upper reference limits. Where observations were not Gaussian, minimum and maximum values are given. These reference values are presented as a usable first approximation of population reference values to assist clinicians and researchers in their interpretation of observations obtained from foxes of similar populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The cytology, histology and prevalence of cell types in canine lymphoma classified according to the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation.

No significance has been shown yet between the cytological subtypes of canine lymphoma and clinical behaviour. This paper describes and illustrates the cytological and histological criteria for application of the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation classification system, a scheme with demonstrated prognostic capability for human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, to a series of 285 canine lymphomas. The Working Formulation can be used without difficulty for canine lymphomas. Low grade follicular tumors were found to be much less common, and high grade, aggressive tumors much more common than these cell types in humans. Low grade tumors tend to have low mitotic rates and high grade tumors tend to have high mitotic rates. There may be an association between hypercalcemia and lymphoblastic cell type. A review of available literature data for canine lymphomas suggests that prognostic extrapolation of clinical behaviour based on human lymphoma data may be possible. These results suggest that there may be strong similarities of morphology and behaviour between human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and canine lymphomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of manual and electronic counting for total nucleated cell counts on synovial fluid from canine stifle joints.

Synovial fluids collected from the stifle joints of 20 physically normal adult dogs were subjected to cytological examination. A total nucleated cell count was performed on each sample using both an electronic cell counter and a hemocytometer. The mean of the total counts done with the electronic counter was significantly higher (1008 cells/microL) than that obtained manually with the hemocytometer (848 cells/microL).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro bactericidal efficacy of equine polymorphonuclear leukocytes against Corynebacterium equi.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from adult horses were separated from whole blood, using a 2-step Percoll gradient, and were tested for bactericidal function against Corynebacterium equi. Staphylococcus aureus, an organism against which equine neutrophils have proved efficacy, was a positive control. The percentage of uptake after a 15-minute preincubation of the neutrophils and bacteria in the presence of normal horse serum was also calculated. The results indicated that equine neutrophils effectively phagocytosed and killed C equi and S aureus. The percentage of uptake for S aureus (95% +/- 3%) was greater than that for C equi (85% +/- 6%) (P less than 0.001), but the bactericidal efficacy was equivalent. More than 90% of the ingested or attached bacteria were destroyed during the 3-hour incubation period (mean percentage of C equi killed = 96 +/- 2%; mean percentage of S aureus killed = 91 +/- 8%). These results indicated that a failure of bacterial killing by neutrophils is unlikely to be important in the pathogenesis of C equi pneumonia in the horse.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effects of vomitoxin and feed intake on the performance and blood characteristics of young pigs.

Thirty barrows (average weight 8.4 kg) were used in a 3-wk experiment to determine the effects of the ingestion of vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol)-contaminated feed on performance and blood chemistry. The barrows were assigned randomly to consume either: 1) a control diet (C), fed ad libitum, 2) a vomitoxin contaminated diet (V; 10.5 ppm), fed ad libitum, or 3) a vomitoxin contaminated pair-fed at levels equal to those consumed by V animals (PF). The V and PF pigs had similar daily gains (.19 vs .20 kg) and feed intakes (.40 and .39 kg), but both of these were lower (P less than .01) than those for the C-fed pigs (.38 kg daily gain and .72 kg feed intake). The V-fed pigs had lower (P less than .05) hematocrit, hemoglobin, serum glucose and serum phosphorus and tended to have lower serum calcium (P less than .06) than C-fed pigs. The V-fed pigs had higher (P less than .05) hemoglobin and tended to have higher (P less than .08) serum phosphorus and lower (P less than .07) serum calcium than PF animals. There was a high total- and free-bilirubin concentration in serum of C- and V-fed pigs in the last sampling period (3-wk), which may be due to fasting and not cholestasis. No differences among treatments were observed in any of the other blood parameters. These results suggest that the differences in animal performance and blood parameters observed between control-and vomitoxin-fed pigs are mainly due to differences in feed intake.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

Chemotaxis of porcine neutrophils under agarose.

The standardization of pig neutrophil chemotaxis under agarose is described. The mean chemotactic index for pig neutrophils from six pigs measured over four days was 1.29. Comparative studies of human and pig neutrophil chemotaxis under agarose revealed a lower chemotactic index for pig neutrophils (mean of 1.18) compared to human neutrophils (mean of 2.43). The results suggest that this is due to differences intrinsic to human and pig neutrophils. In vitro pig neutrophil chemotaxis was measured in normal pigs and in pigs following experimental Salmonella typhimurium infection. Significant alterations in chemotaxis were not evident one and seven days postinfection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An appraisal of bone marrow biopsy in assessment of sick dogs.

Dogs were classified into a number of disease categories according to hematological, cytological and serochemical changes. Aspiration and core bone marrow biopsies were examined in 128 dogs in the various disease categories and compared to marrow samples in 36 dogs which appeared clinically normal. Differential cell counts on bone marrow smears were examined in relation to the blood variables in all animals. Blood and bone marrow data (group means) were compared among the normal and disease groups. Anemia, responsive and poorly responsive was the most frequent blood abnormality. Most dogs in the thrombocytopenia group had increased numbers of megakaryocytes in the marrow but two dogs had a marked decrease. The frequency of serious alteration of marrow production of the erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic series was less than anticipated. Marrow hemopoiesis was not significantly compromised in dogs with lymphoma or in dogs with other types of cancer. Bone marrow examination was necessary for the diagnosis of myelofibrosis and pancytopenia and was very helpful in the groups with insufficient change in the blood to permit a definitive diagnosis to be made. The myeloid-erythroid ratio was a useful indicator of marrow response while the erythroid maturation index and the myeloid maturation index were useful for identification of altered patterns of maturation (ineffective hemopoiesis). The reticulocyte response in absolute numbers is the most efficient and clinically relevant measure of erythroid response.

Anemia↗
PubMed1984

Intra-articular corticosteroid- and exercise-induced arthropathy in a horse.

Methylprednisolone acetate was injected repeatedly into both intercarpal joints of a horse that had a 3rd carpal bone fracture in 1 limb. Synovial fluid from intercarpal and radiocarpal joints of both limbs were obtained serially for study. Arthropathy developed in the fractured joint following prolonged corticosteroid therapy and exercise. In the corticosteroid-injected normal joint, the hyaluronic acid concentration initially decreased, then increased. A depletion in cartilage matrix was seen at necropsy, 175 days after onset of treatment. Determination of total protein content in synovial fluid gave the earliest indication of impending arthropathy, but viscosity studies in association with determination of hyaluronic acid concentration gave a definitive assessment of joint integrity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Fine needle aspiration cytology and histologic correlation in canine tumors.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed on 147 skin tumors in 119 dogs over a 4-year period. Both air-dried smears (Wright's stain) and wet-fixed smears (Papanicolaou's stain) were prepared from the aspirates from each tumor and the cytological diagnosis was correlated with histology. In 105 tumors, the cytological and histological interpretations agreed. Histologically, there were 36 stromal tumors, including 19 fibrosarcomas and nine hemangiosarcomas. Cytologically, 12 of the fibrosarcomas and five of the hemangiosarcomas were interpreted correctly as malignant tumors. All 11 melanomas and all 37 mast cell tumors were identified correctly cytologically, while nine of the 11 squamous cell carcinomas, 15 of 21 adenocarcinomas and eight of 19 mammary carcinomas were interpreted as malignant using aspiration biopsy. The fine-needle technique also identified 16 dogs with metastases to the regional lymph nodes before surgical biopsies were undertaken. Benign tumors were incorrectly described as malignancies in only three cases.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Hyperbilirubinemia in sick cattle.

Hyperbilirubinemia was present in 387 out of 1279 sick cattle admitted to the clinic of the Ontario Veterinary College. One hundred and ninety five of these had a total serum bilirubin of 17 mumol/L or greater. Clinical records, laboratory data and when available, pathology reports from these 195 animals were examined in an attempt to explain the reason for the high bilirubin levels. The hyperbilirubinemia in 187 of these was mainly due to an increase in unconjugated bilirubin. Jaundice, liver disease or anemia was not a feature and alkaline phosphatase was not elevated. The 195 animals with hyperbilirubinemia suffered from a variety of diseases that seemingly were unrelated to the increased bilirubin. The most frequently described signs were anorexia and rumen stasis. Liver disease was diagnosed in eight animals and in these clinical jaundice, and increased conjugated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase was a feature. It was concluded that hyperbilirubinemia occurred in many diseases of cattle and in most instances was related to a failure of the liver to remove unconjugated bilirubin from the serum rather than to a failure of the liver to excrete conjugated bilirubin.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Hematology and biochemistry reference values for Ontario swine.

The purpose of this study was to establish blood reference values for Ontario swine from various age groups. Weanling pigs, feeder pigs, gilts and sows on 11 randomly selected swine farms were sampled using the orbital sinus bleeding technique. Routine hematological and biochemical determinations were performed using whole blood and serum. For the variables examined in each age group the means, the standard deviations and the 95% upper and lower limits were calculated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Intra-articular tissue response to analytical grade metrizamide in dogs.

The effect of analytical grade metrizamide (AM) injected into the canine stifle, for purposes of arthrography, was studied in 12 adult dogs using saline solution as the control solution injected into the contralateral joints. The AM was used at a concentration of 280 mg of iodine/ml and was administered at the dose of 0.3 ml/cm thickness of the stifle joint. For each joint, arthrocentesis was done before and 7 days after injection of either the contrast medium or saline solution. Physical, biochemical, and cytologic examinations were done on the synovial fluid while the synovial membranes and femoral articular cartilages were sectioned, stained, and examined for histopathologic changes. At the 95% confidence level, significant differences in the total and differential mononuclear cell counts were not seen between the AM- and saline solution-injected joints. However, some subtle changes in the synovial membranes were observed. Intra-articular injection of AM or saline solution initiated a mild inflammatory response, the AM causing slightly more response than the saline solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Vomitoxin in corn fed to young pigs.

Four trials were conducted with young pigs to evaluate the effect of dietary level of vomitoxin-contaminated corn on performance and pathology. A dietary level of approximately 20 ppm vomitoxin caused vomiting, 12 ppm vomitoxin caused almost complete feed refusal and 1.3 ppm caused a significant depression in feed intake and rate Of gain. No lesions attributable to vomitoxin were observed in pigs fed up to 43 ppm dietary vomitoxin for a 21-d period. Alterations in various blood serum characteristics were observed in pigs fed vomitoxin, however, the effects could not be separated from those that may result from low intake of food.

Animals↗