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J H Hsu

Publications and source records attributed to J H Hsu.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Female sexual side effects associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a descriptive clinical study of 33 patients.

OBJECTIVE: After the advent of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the U.S. market in 1988, American psychiatrists have been faced with more choices of antidepressants for the treatment of depression. The prescribing of SSRIs has been increasing in popularity because they are easily titrated by the physicians and tolerated by patients. However, the SSRI use is frequently associated with female sexual dysfunction. The aim of this study was to describe these SSRI-associated female sexual side effects. METHODS: In a retrospective series, clinic records of 110 female SSRI-treated outpatients were reviewed for loss of or decreased libido, orgasmic disturbances (anorgasmia or delayed orgasm), as well as clinical management patterns to alleviate sexual side effects. RESULTS: Twenty-one fluoxetine-, nine paroxetine-, and five sertraline-treated cases with female sexual inhibition were identified. The fates of SSRI-associated sexual adverse effects and clinical managements of restoring these side effects were described. CONCLUSIONS: With some limitations in interpreting the data, the findings of this study suggest that SSRI-associated female sexual dysfunction occurs at a higher rate than we previously thought, equal potentials in implicating female sexual side effects among three SSRIs, and the absence or the low incidence of female sexual adverse effects from bupropion, and that these side effects can be managed by waiting for a spontaneous remission, dosage reduction of SSRIs, substitution with bupropion and other antidepressants, or the use of an antidote.

1-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1992

Specific restriction fragment length polymorphism in liver mitochondrial DNA of the Chinese.

By use of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, we examined the liver mitochondrial DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction from 60 Chinese subjects of 31 to 78 years of age. We found nine specific mtDNA polymorphisms that had never been reported before. Eleven subjects had an Alu I polymorphic site in the subunit 2 gene of NADH dehydrogenase, five had a Hae III polymorphic site in the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 gene, and five had a Hinf I polymorphic site in the subunit 3 gene of cytochrome oxidase. No polymorphic site was found in the structural genes coding for subunits 1, 3, 4, 4L and 6 of NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome b, and subunit 8 of ATP synthase. Detailed analysis of the RFLP data did not show age-dependent mtDNA polymorphisms. In addition, the analysis of the restriction patterns of all the mtDNAs revealed 12 mtDNA haplotypes in all the Chinese subjects examined. Among them, type 1 mtDNA was found to be the most predominant and comprised 63.3% of the total study subjects. The restriction patterns of type 1 mtDNA generated by all restriction enzymes were identical to those deduced from the Cambridge sequence of human mtDNA. About 8.3% of the subjects exhibited type 2 mtDNA, and 5% had types 3, 5 and 8 mtDNA, respectively. Each of the rest seven mtDNA types comprised about 2% of the samples. Moreover, type 1 mtDNA was found in the platelets of three white Americans. These findings suggest that type 2 to type 12 mtDNAs have come into existence through the generation or loss of specific polymorphic restriction sites in the mtDNA of the Chinese.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of the regulatory regions of ilvGEDA operons from several enteric organisms.

The nucleotide sequence preceding the ilvGEDA operon has been examined and compared in five enteric organisms. The sequence in Escherichia coli B was identical to the earlier-described strain K-12 sequence. The sequences of Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella aerogenes were remarkably similar to that of E. coli and identical in that part of the leader region that specified the putative 32-amino-acid peptide. Thus, identical secondary structures could be postulated for the leaders of all three organisms, and regulation of operon expression could be like that postulated earlier for E. coli. Different secondary structures had to be postulated for the leader transcripts of Edwardsiella tarda and Serratia marcescens. Control of attenuation of the operon in these organisms by the level of leucyl tRNA could be explained only if ribosome stalling occurred at a single leucine codon. In both organisms, that single leucine codon is the rarely used CUA rather than the CUG that is in E. coli, S. typhimurium, and K. aerogenes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Leucine regulation of the ilvGEDA operon of Serratia marcescens by attenuation is modulated by a single leucine codon.

The effect of leucine limitation and of restricted leucine tRNA charging on the expression of the ilvGEDA operon of Serratia marcescens was examined. In this organism, the ilv leader region specifies a putative peptide containing only a single leucine codon that could be involved in leucine-mediated control by attenuation (E. Harms, J.-H. Hsu, C. S. Subrahmanyam, and H. E. Umbarger, J. Bacteriol. 164:207-216, 1985). A plasmid (pPU134) containing the DNA of the S. marcescens ilv control region and three of the associated structural genes was studied as a single chromosomal copy in an Escherichia coli strain auxotrophic for all three branched-chain amino acids. The S. marcescens ilv genes responded to a multivalent control similar to that found in other enteric organisms. Furthermore, the S. marcescens ilv genes were derepressed when the charging of leucine tRNA was restricted in a leuS derivative of E. coli that had been transformed with pPU134. It was concluded that ribosome stalling leading to deattenuation is not dependent on either tandem or a consecutive series of codons for the regulatory amino acid. However, the fact that the single leucine codon is a less frequently used codon (CUA) may be important. The procedure for obtaining the cloned ilv genes in single chromosomal copy exploited the dependence of ColE1 replicons on the polA gene. The cloning experiments also revealed a branched-chain amino acid-glutamate transaminase in S. marcescens that is different from transaminase B.

Codon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of three-dimensional orthogonal neural network to craniomaxillary reconstruction.

The purpose of this investigation is to establish a practical method to predict and create surface a profile of bone defects by a well-trained 3-D orthogonal neural network. First, the coordinates of the skeletal positions around the boundary of bone defects are input into the 3-D orthogonal neural network to train it to learn the scattering characteristic. The 3-D orthogonal neural network avoids local minima and converges rapidly. After the neural network has been well trained, the mathematic model of the bone defect surface is generated, and the pixel positions are derived. Herein, to verify its performance the proposed method is applied on a patient with a craniofacial defect.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of orthogonal neural network to craniomaxillary reconstruction.

Traditionally, the orthopaedist, according to their past experience, reconstructs damaged area while the operation is in progress. This may prolong the operation and cause the wound to become infected. Most importantly it is difficult to precisely match the skeletal defect. A well-disciplined network of prediction re-fabricates the damaged area through automation. This research is based on the CT image file, which is the product of X-ray computed tomography (CT), and computes the skeletal positions around the damaged area through image processing and boundary detection. The skeletal positions are inputted into the orthogonal neural network and discipline the network so that it possesses the scattering characteristic of bone. The network then calculates skeletal positions in the damaged area and revises the former CT image file to rebuild a 3D model. Accordingly, in comparison with a manual sketch, the orthogonal neural network forecast is more geometrically precise. Moreover, the forecast satisfies the second order derivative, which is a continuous function, and the edge of the fabricated bone is therefore kept smoother.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A methodology for evaluation of boundary detection algorithms on breast ultrasound images.

Image segmentation is the partition of an image into a set of non-overlapping regions that comprise the entire image. The image is decomposed into meaningful parts, which are uniform with respect to certain characteristics, such as grey level or texture. This study presents a novel methodology to evaluate ultrasound image segmentation algorithms. The sonographic features can differentiate between various sized malignant and benign breast tumours. The clinical experiment can determine whether a tumour is benign or not, based on contour, shape, echogenicity and echo texture. Further study of the standardized sonographic features, especially the tumour contour and shape, will improve the positive predictive value and accuracy rate in breast tumour detection. The effectiveness of using this methodology is illustrated by evaluating image segmentation on breast ultrasound images. Via definite segmentation, the appreciated tumour shape and contour can be ascertained. Furthermore, this method can enhance the ability of ultrasound to distinguish between benign and malignant breast lesions.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of bacterial eradication on the cell proliferation and p53 protein accumulation in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis.

BACKGROUND: This study investigates the cell proliferation and the expression of p53 protein in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastritis and assesses the effect of bacterial eradication on these epithelial factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-nine patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis were randomized into the control group (n = 38) and anti-H. pylori group (n = 41). Each patient received endoscopic examinations with gastric biopsy before and 8 weeks after the treatment. The specimens from gastric antrum were immunostained for monoclonal antibodies against the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 protein. RESULTS: In the control group, the total labeling index (L.I.) of PCNA and the positive index (P.I.) of p53 in the whole foveolar epithelium were unchanged after treatment. In the anti-H. pylori group, 35 of 41 cases (85.3%) achieved eradication of H. pylori. Amongst the H. pylori-eradicated cases, the total L.I. of PCNA in the whole foveolar epithelium did not meaningfully alter after H. pylori elimination (p > 0.05). However, a significant reduction of L.I. was observed in the middle compartments of the gastric pits (before vs. after treatment: 14.0 vs. 7.3, p < 0.05). With regard to the p53 expression, the P.I.s were significantly decreased in the whole foveolar epithelium (before vs. after treatment: 0.57 vs. 0.17, p < 0.05) and in each compartment of the gastric pits (before vs. after treatment: [upper compartment]: 0.34 vs. 0.15, p < 0.05; [middle compartment]: 0.67 vs. 0.23, p < 0.05; [lower compartment]: 0.71 vs. 0.20, p < 0.05) after eradication of H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial eradication reverses the hyperproliferating status of the foveolar epithelium in patients with H. pylori gastritis and leads to a decrease in p53 accumulation in the epithelial cells.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗