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Biomedical subjects

J H Darrell

Publications and source records attributed to J H Darrell.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

A computer-assisted bacteriology reporting and information system.

A computer system for reporting and recording all specimens processed by the routine bacteriology laboratory at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School is described. Features of interest are the method of input using a mixture of 3-character alphanumeric codes and numbers, cumulative reporting to the wards, and selective listing of relevant previous results for the patient, which is available to technical and supervisory staff during processing of the specimen. The relative value to the wards and the laboratory of each type of information transfer has been assessed. Overall the use of a computer has resulted in higher quality bench work and more accurate reporting. It seems little more expensive than a previous manual system, although it has transferred work from the technical to the clerical staff.

Bacteriology↗
PubMed1977

Prevention of wound infection in abdominal operations by peroperative antibiotics or povidone-iodine. A controlled trial.

The wound-infection rate after abdominal operations was compared in 113 patients randomly allocated to an untreated control group, a group receiving preoperative lincomycin and tobramycin, or a group receiving local instillation of povidone-iodine. The wound-infection rate was 8.1% in 37 patients receiving antibiotics, 42.1% in 38 untreated controls, and 39.5% in 38 patients in the povidone-iodine group.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Anaerobic bacteriology of chronic bronchial disease. With a refined method of sampling bronchial secretions.

A refined bronchoscopic method of sampling bronchial secretions is presented. The results show that this gives higher yields of aerobic pathogens than examination of expectorated sputum and the method also avoids pharyngeal contamination in suspected cases of anaerobic lung infection. Our results indicate that anaerobic organisms do not play a major role in causing sputum purulence in patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchogenic carcinoma or with less florid degrees of bronchiectasis. Anaerobic infections did not appear to occur as often as suggested by some reports from the United States.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1976

Significance of the isolation of Clostridium welchii from routine blood cultures.

Clostridium welchii has been demonstrated in approximately 20% of contact plates taken from the antecubital fossa of 185 inpatients and outpatients and healthy staff. The highest incidence was in a group of 40 very ill patients. The isolation of the organism from blood cultures is not always of clinical significance. Skin preparation as at present practised is often inadequate to remove the spores when contamination is relatively heavy, for example, in bedridden patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1974

A comparison of media used in vitro to isolate non-sporing Gram-negative anaerobes from blood.

Five anaerobic media were compared in a model blood culture system for their ability to recover small inocula of Gram-negative non-sporing anaerobes. Dehydrated cooked meat medium was the least effective; USP thioglycollate medium was the most effective isolation medium and is recommended for routine use. Freshly prepared cooked meat medium has the advantage of allowing prolonged survival of strains.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1974

Rapid gentamicin assay by enzymatic adenylylation.

A method is described for the assay of gentamicin using the enzyme gentamicin adenylyltransferase derived from an R-factor-carrying strain of Escherichia coli. The reaction involves adenylylation of the gentamicin with ((14)C)-ATP to form a radioactively labelled product. The technique is compared with the plate diffusion and the urease methods. The adenylylation technique gives results comparable to the plate diffusion assay and is more accurate than the urease method.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1973

The dip-slide in urology.

To assess the value of the Uricult dip-slide in a hospital urological unit, bacteriological examination of 1,033 urine specimens was compared by this technique and by conventional methods. In 87% of cases identical results were obtained using the dip-slides and the standard laboratory culture plates. Insignificant differences occurred in 10%, and a serious discrepancy between the two methods was found in only 3%. The Uricult dip-slide technique is valuable as a bacteriological screening procedure in urological practice but subculturing from the slide is not recommended except in special circumstances.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1969

Carbenicillin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical material.

Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to 256 mug. per ml. or more of carbenicillin (Pyopen) were isolated from 17 patients over a period of three months. The infections were not solely due to cross-infection. Low dosage and attempted eradication of the organism from inaccessible sites, such as the bronchi or skin surfaces, by using systemic treatment are two possible causes. Restraint in treating infections of doubtful importance and the use of local applications to appropriate sites with or without systemic treatment is suggested.

Bronchi↗