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Biomedical subjects

J H Cox

Publications and source records attributed to J H Cox.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Rabies virus glycoprotein. II. Biological and serological characterization.

Purified rabies virus glycoprotein (G) was shown by complement fixation and immunodiffusion tests to be a second distinct antigen of the virus. It it the only structural protein of the virus that induces the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies and which confers immunity to animals. When the G protein is taken as antigen, the complement fixation test can be used for the assay of virus-neutralizing antibodies. The total protective activity of the virus was recovered in the purified G protein preparation. The protective activity of G protein increased with purification: 9 ng of G protein was required to protect 50% of the mice as compared to 1.63 micrograms of the virus. Selective immunofluorescent membrane staining and immunocytolysis of rabies virus-infected cells were shown to be G protein specific. Due to its purity and potency, the G protein preparation can be considered the ideal human antirabies vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Methoxychlor effects on hepatic storage of vitamin A in rats.

Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing 0, 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 ppm of methoxychlor for 16 weeks under ad libitum- and restricted-feeding regimens. Methoxychlor at 10,000 ppm was lethal to some rats, reduced food consumption and growth, and increased liver weight relative to body weight. Methoxychlor at 1,000 ppm reduced food consumption and growth of rats fed ad libitum but did not reduce growth of restricted-fed rats. Reduced hepatic storage of vitamin A was detectable when methoxychlor was fed at levels of 100 ppm or higher.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

P,p-DDT and p,p'-DDE effects on egg production, eggshell thickness, and reproduction of Japanese quail.

p,p' -DDT and p,p' -DDE were investigated for effects on egg production and eggshell thickness in Japanese quail. p,p' -DDT was examined for effects on hatchability and fertility. DDE was tested at 0, 2, 10, 40, and 200 ppm in the diet. No evidence suggested that DDE affected number of eggs laid, egg weight, or eggshell thickness at any level of DDE tested. DDT was tested at 1,2.5, 10 and 40 ppm in the diet. In one experiment, quail fed DDT at 40 ppm and caged in male-female pairs broke more eggs than quail caged similarly but fed lower amounts of DDT or than quail fed an equal amount of DDT but caged alone. DDT did not detectably reduce eggshell thickness, number of eggs laid, fertility, or hatchability. However, paired quail laid fewer eggs than did single quail in two experiments and laid eggs with thinner shells in one experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Mirex-induced hepatic changes in chickens, Japanese quail, and rats.

Mirex was fed in the diet to chickens at 0 to 160 ppm for 12 and 16 weeks, to Japanese quail at 0 to 80 ppm for 12 weeks, and to rats at 0 to 100 ppm for 2 and 4 weeks. Mirex did not affect the concentration of protein or cytochrome P450 in hepatic microsomes of chickens or Japanese quail, nor did it affect hydroxylation of aniline or demethylation of aminopyrine. However, structural changes were apparent in livers of chickens fed mirex at 10 ppm and above and included regions of necrosis and nonspecific cellular aberrations and alterations of sinusoids and bile canaliculi. Mirex caused liver enlargement in rats and increased microsomal protein and cytochrome P450 but did not affect hydroxylation of aniline or demethylation of aminopyrine. Hepatic structural changes in rats that were associated with mirex included proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and degeneration of some bile canaliculi.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Prophylactic immunization of humans against rabies by intradermal inoculation of human diploid cell culture vaccine.

The antirabies human diploid cell vaccine produced by 1'Institute Merieux, Lyon, France, was administered intradermally to 35 high-risk volunteers using 0.2-ml amounts and various immunization schedules. Three groups never before vaccinated against rabies developed virus-neutralizing antibodies, the titer of which was dose dependent. A single injection stimulated the formation of antibodies. Four inoculations induced the highest antibody levels and the longest persistence of antibody. The administration of a single intradermal booster inoculation was sufficient, even in the case of low-persisting antibody, to elicit a rapid increase of antibodies to high levels. A primary inoculation course of two injections induced a sufficient antibody level which, in case of exposure, could apparently be rapidly elevated by a 0.2-ml intradermal booster inoculation. Adverse side reactions were observed in 7 of 14 individuals after a 1- or 1.5-year intradermal booster inoculation. We therefore suggest that the intramuscular and subcutaneous routes continue to be used for primary vaccinations and that the highly effective intradermal route be restricted to booster inoculations. This is the first long term study of this vaccine and should be a guideline for the pre-exposure treatment of high-risk personnel.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1975

The effect of mirex on reproduction of Japanesequail and on characteristics of eggs from Japanese quail and chickens.

Laying White Leghorn chickens were fed mirex at 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 ppm for 12 weeks, and laying Japanese quail were fed mirex at 0, 5, 40, and 80 ppm for 12weeks. The data suggest that dietary mirex at these levels did not affect egg production, egg weight, shell thickness, shell calcium, the proportion of broken eggs, or the proportion of soft-shelled eggs of either chickens or quail. Statistical significance (P greater than 0.05) associated with dietary mirex was detected in the analysis of eggshell weight for chickens; however, because a dose-response relationship of shell weight vs. level of mirex fed was not evident, this observation was attributed to chance. The data suggest that dietary mirex did not affect eggshell weight, fertility, or hatchability of quail. Mirex accumulation in eggs and carcasses of both species was proportional to dose and was slightly higher in quail than in chickens.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1974

Serological characterization of the three major proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus.

The three major proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus-Indiana, glycoprotein (G), nucleoprotein (N), and membrane protein (M), were isolated and characterized by means of specific monocomponent antisera. G, N, and M proteins are distinct, nonrelated antigens with specific serological properties. The G protein is the only antigen inducing the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies and was shown to confer immunity to mice. Specific complement-fixing and precipitating activity was demonstrated for each of the three antisera. The future use of isolated rhabdovirus components and of monospecific antisera is considered for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes as well as for virus strain differentiation and classification work.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Current oral rabies vaccination in Europe: an interim balance.

The field trial for the oral immunization of foxes against rabies in the Federal Republic of Germany began in 1983 and since the end of 1985 has had the specific goal of the elimination of rabies in large interdependent areas of that country. To meet this goal it was necessary to develop methods for the large-scale production of the SAD (Street Alabama Dufferin) clone B19 vaccine as well as to develop a bait that could be mass-produced (the Tübingen fox bait). It has been shown that after a single vaccination campaign in the field approximately 75% of the fox population is immune to rabies and that after one or two repeated campaigns vaccination in many areas could be discontinued. Participation in the field trial in circumscribed border areas was extended to Italy in 1985 and to Austria, Luxembourg, Belgium, and France in 1986. For the first time, through the use of oral immunization, a method for the elimination of rabies is available that is effective, safe, inexpensive, and practical. Further, this method meets the requirements of animal-protection societies, does not interfere with the preservation of endangered species, and therefore represents a significant political factor.

Animals↗