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Biomedical subjects

J H Boss

Publications and source records attributed to J H Boss.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Dirofilaria repens infection in northern Israel.

The fourth case of zoonotic Dirofilaria repens infection in Israel is reported, and the diagnostic morphologic characteristics of this filariid are reviewed. The importance of the exact anatomic diagnosis of this filaria is stressed in view of the fact that Israel has pockets of settlers from East Africa, a region endemic for lymphatic filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti). Since the possibility of introduction of such an infection into the country exists, differentiating this zoonotic Dirofilaria from other filarial worms is essential. The clinicopathological features of a Dirofilaria repens infection are distinct. The patient initially has a painful subcutaneous or conjunctival swelling; the excisional biopsy shows the presence of a dead or alive, usually female worm that measures 220-660 microns across; the central intestine and the genital organs (two uteri) are located in the pseudocoelom; the thick, multilayered cuticle is provided with 95-105 sharp, longitudinal ridges, the latter being separated from each other by a distance of 12 microns; the circumferential muscle cell layer, covering the inner side of the cuticle, is bilaterally interrupted by the large chord cells, two to five nuclei of which are discernible in each cross section.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Idiopathic granulomatous appendicitis. Report of five cases, one of which presented as migratory arthritis.

The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis and the idiopathic granulomatous variety are, as a rule, indistinguishable. Five patients with idiopathic granulomatous appendicitis, treated during past decade, had histological acute and chronic appendicitis abounding with granulomas. Investigations not disclosing a systemic or enteric granulomatous disease and the patients' long-term complete postoperative recovery support the diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous appendicitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Remodeling of the calcaneus apophysis in the growing child.

Radiography and computer-aided analysis of tomography of the os calcis in 35 children with Sever's disease and of 52 control children were concurrently evaluated with histologic appearance of six calcanei of victims of road accidents, which were radiographically compatible with the same syndrome. Histology showed abrupt interruption in continuity of the apophysis of perpendicular fibrous plates with evidence of an ongoing reparative process. Computer-aided analysis of orientation of the "fragmentation" lines and histologic data both support the hypothesis of a stress remodeling process owing to excessive bending forces acting on the calcaneal apophysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The histologic features of the interfacial membrane of intramedullary nails.

Thirty-six interfacial membranes collected at the time of removal of intramedullary L316 stainless steel nails were studied histologically. The membranes consisted of bland fibrous tissue in a minority of cases. Most often, the nails were enclosed within a synovial-like membrane. Palisading macrophages and fibroblasts abutted on the metallic surface of the nails. Foreign body giant-celled granulomas were scattered in the midzone of the membranes, mono- and polykaryonic macrophages having phagocytozed small metallic particles, necrotic bony debris, and, sometimes, lipidic compounds. Aggregates of hemosiderin-containing macrophages occasionally marked the sites of previous hemorrhages. When present in the retrieved specimen, the bone underlying the membrane was undergoing remodeling. Interfacial motion, consequent on dissimilar stiffness of the bone and nail, as well as deposition of metallic and bony debris, are likely responsible for the formation of the synovial-like interfacial membrane.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1995

Small intestinal carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells.

An elderly woman underwent jejunectomy for a large, stenosing neoplasm. Histologically, we found an undifferentiated carcinoma with scattered mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages in the intestine and lymph node metastases. The multinuclear cells, being acid phosphatase-positive and CD68-immunoreactive, are referred to as osteoclast-like giant cells. Hepatic secondaries were discovered 6 months postoperatively. The patient succumbed to a chemotherapy-related septic event. We suggest that intratumoral infiltration by mononuclear and multinuclear macrophages expresses one of the body's defense mechanisms against cancer.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Angiolymphomatoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia of the oral mucous membrane.

A 59-year-old patient is reported with a protruding, mucosal nodule within the mandibular alveolar fold. Histological examination of the excised mass disclosed angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (histiocytoid hemangioma). Though the lesion was not completely excised and invaded the adjacent muscle of the floor of the mouth, there was no recurrence during a follow-up period of 17 months.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia↗
PubMed1995

The relativity of biocompatibility. A critique of the concept of biocompatibility.

The concept of biocompatibility of the materials used in surgical reconstruction of joints, ligaments, and tendons is controversial, as evinced by the conflicting definitions proposed by the many authors who have studied the host reaction to the presence of implants and their breakdown products. We propose that biocompatibility of contemporary medical implants is not a property of the chemical composition of the biomaterials but depends rather on their physical attributes. The histological reaction patterns of tissue to the presence of polyethylene in diverse physical states are described. The inflammatory response evoked by the implants is laudable in so far as it precedes and accompanies the adequate tissular incorporation of the devices used. On the other hand, the granulomatous reaction induced by small, irregularly shaped and edgy breakdown products adversely affects the life span of the implants. Thus the manner in which the host handles the biomaterials is determined primarily by the physical state of the biomaterials (rather than their chemical composition), which in turn determines the success or failure of reconstructive surgery. It logically follows that biocompatibility constitutes a relativistic concept.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cancer-associated fasciitis panniculitis.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic fasciitis and the related fasciitis panniculitis syndrome (FPS) are the clinical and morphologic expression of a variety of disorders, of which chronic inflammation and fibrous thickening of the subcutaneous septa, fascia, and perimysium are common. FPS in patients with cancer has been reported sporadically. METHODS: In the course of our studies of FPS we have encountered three patients who had an associated neoplasia. Nine reports of patients have been taken from the literature. The clinical and histologic data of FPS in the 12 patients were analyzed in the search of distinctive features from FPS in patients with no evidence of malignancy. RESULTS: Among patients with cancer-associated FPS there was a female predominance (8 patients), predilection for hematolymphatic malignancies (9 patients), precedence of the FPS to cancer diagnosis (10 patients) by a median lag time of 1 year, and unresponsiveness to prednisone therapy in most patients (7 of 8 patients). CONCLUSIONS: Cancer-associated FPS has several characteristics of a paraneoplastic syndrome: it occurs at a distance from the tumor, certain types of tumors are overrepresented among patients with FPS, it evolves in concert with the neoplasia, and it sometimes remits after successful cancer surgery. In contrast to idiopathic FPS, cancer-associated FPS shows a female predominance, and it usually fails to respond to corticotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Studies on a novel anterior cruciate ligament polyethylene fiber prosthesis: the histomorphological pattern of organization and bony anchorage of a polyethylene fiber prosthesis in the stifle of the goat.

The anterior cruciate ligament of goats was substituted by a high-tensile polyethylene fiber prosthesis. The animals were sacrificed after 6-12 months. Histologically, the implants were separated from a newly formed bony shell by a thick fibrous interface membrane, which was anchored to the bone by Sharpey-like fibers. Within the joint cavity, the implants were enclosed in thick fibrous sheaths, which were continuous with the intra-osseous interface membranes. While the inner granulomatous layer of the interface membrane extended in between the polyethylene fibrils for a short distance, the bulk of the prosthesis was poorly organized. A thick central fibrous band accompanied the intra-osseous and intra-articular portions of the implants throughout their entire lengths. Oblique fibrous tracks linked the interface membranes with the central fibrous bands. The intra-osseous tunnels were considerably expanded when compared to the initially drilled tunnels.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Bone defect healing in the absence and presence of a plastic catheter: an experimental study in the rabbit.

The healing pattern of small, round, cortical defects, drilled in the upper tibial diaphysis of rabbits, was studied histologically and histomorphometrically. Group I rabbits were not further handled. In groups II and III animals, a polyethylene catheter was introduced into the medullary cavity by way of a second cortical hole and driven forward until its tip was close to the first cortical defect. Group II rabbits were not further handled. The cortical defect of group III animals was irradiated from a diode source via a fiber optic cable in the catheter. Assessment of the osseous healing of the cortical defects revealed neither qualitatively nor quantitatively significant differences among the three groups. The morphological catheter, which abuts on a cortical defect, does not hinder the normal progression of osseous bridging of the gap.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The nature of the bone-implant interface. The lessons learned from implant retrieval and analysis in man and experimental animal.

The morphological appearances of the interface between the bone and the components of arthroplasties depend on multiple factors. Present-day biomaterials being biocompatible when in bulk form, a host reaction consequent upon untoward effects of the implants as such is not expected. Thus, osseointegration, i.e., the direct apposition of bone to the surface of a foreign material at the light microscopical level, occurs, under favorable biomechanical circumstances, irrespective of the chemical composition of the implant. Osseointegration is a multifaceted phenomenon. First and foremost, it evolves when an initially rigid fixation of the component is surgically attained. Interfacial motions are associated with resorption of the bony bed, macrophagic activation and production of wear particles, the close bone-implant apposition is lost and the formation of an interfacial membrane (IM) ensues. The histological features of the IM coincide with the context of its formation and evolution. The quiescent IM is composed of a thin layer of fibrous tissue and its occurrence is compatible with the biofunctionality of the implant. The aggressive or lytic IM (LIM) develops when tissue-irritating, small, irregularly shaped and edgy breakdown products are deposited at the interface. The thick LIM consists of an inflamed fibrous tissue, scattered within which are myriad granulomas, and its surface facing the implant displays a synovial-like aspect. The mono- and polykaryonic macrophages, constituting the granulomatous response, ingest and abut on the wear particles. Amongst the intermediary substances of inflammation elaborated by the lymphocytes and macrophages of the LIM, factors which stimulate the osteoclasts play the pivotal role in as much as progressive bone resorption is associated with progressive growth of the IM and, hence, with incremental interfacial motion, interfacial deposition of wear particles and inflammatory-granulomatous response. The ensuing vicious circle culminates in aseptic loosening of the arthroplasty. The morphological features of the LIM, though characterized by a stereotypical reaction pattern, are, in their details, closely linked with the nature of the diverse components of the composite joint replacement. The histological appearances of the bone-implant interface of stable and loose arthroplasties, the tissular reactions to polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene, polyacetal, metals and hydroxyapatite as well as the characteristics of cemented and cementless porous-coated, press-fit and hydroxyapatite-coated prostheses are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Supravoltage irradiation as a cause of maxillary fibrosarcoma].

Therapeutic doses of supravoltage radiation are not commonly thought to be carcinogenic and post-irradiation fibrosarcoma of the head and neck regions is rare. We present a 43-year-old man with post-irradiation fibrosarcoma of the maxilla, who had had supravoltage radiation 12 years before for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The bone-cement interface: histological observations on the interface of cemented arthroplasties within the immediate and late phases.

Undecalcified specimens of cemented arthroplasties obtained during the early and late phases were studied. On the tenth postoperative day, there was excellent interlocking of the cement with the soft and hard tissues of the bone: there was no necrosis of the bed of the implant: a neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammatory response, where present, was mild and focal. Samples of the bone-cement interface of well fixed components obtained (at autopsy or by biopsy) many years after implantation revealed a thin and quiescent fibrous interfacial membrane alternating with bone and osteoid (that is, segmental osseointegration) or a cartilaginous layer abutting on the cement. It is concluded that, firstly, modern cementation techniques are not associated with extensive necrosis of the underlying bone in the immediate postoperative period; secondly, monomeric and polymeric methylmethacrylate as such is not toxic to the tissues; and, thirdly, acrylic cement is osseointegrated when motion at the interface is at its minimum.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Pathogenesis of lipodermatosclerosis of venous disease: the lesson learned from eosinophilic fasciitis.

The histological features of lipodermatosclerosis and eosinophilic fasciitis and its variants were compared in a prospective study of outpatients attending the vascular clinic and inpatients in the Department of Medicine of a regional university hospital. Main outcome measures examined were swelling and induration of the subcutaneous layers with a stocking distribution in the calves. The inflammatory and fibrosing alterations involving the panniculus adiposus, superficial fascia and perimysium were essentially indistinguishable histologically in patients with lipodermatosclerosis or eosinophilic fasciitis and its variants. The intensity of the subcutaneous induration was related to the underlying nosological entity and the duration of the process. Infectious cellulitis was found to aggravate the clinical symptoms of lipodermatosclerosis. Since the stereotypical inflammatory and fibrosing processes in lipodermatosclerosis and eosinophilic fasciitis and its variants are similar irrespective of the initiating factors, it is suggested that there is a common final pathway in the pathogenesis of both disorders.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

Localized nodular myositis. A paraneoplastic phenomenon.

Localized nodular myositis was recognized in an elderly man six months prior to the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Meticulous search of the muscle specimen failed to disclose tumorous involvement. The possible paraneoplastic nature of localized nodular myositis in this patient is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The fasciitis-panniculitis syndrome: clinical spectrum and response to cimetidine.

The term fasciitis-panniculitis syndrome (FPS) is proposed as a novel compilation encompassing several disorders, common to which is subcutaneous induration caused by cicatrizing fasciitis as well as septal and lobular panniculitis and perimysial fibrosis. Included herein are Shulman's eosinophilic fasciitis, morphea profunda, lupus profundus, venous lipodermatosclerosis, toxic oil syndrome, altered tryptophane-related eosinophilic myositis, graft-versus-host reaction, and fasciitis reactive to subjacent basal cell carcinoma. FPS should be differentiated from scleroderma, which primarily affects the dermal structures and in which arterioles are injured. In contrast, vasculopathy of the subcutaneous medium-sized veins accompanies the hypodermal lesions of FPS. The importance of recognizing and grouping these disorders lies in their different histopathology, characterization as reactive phenomena, enhanced responsiveness to treatment, and better prognosis than scleroderma. In view of the excellent prognosis of FPS, steroid treatment is not warranted. Long-term therapy with cimetidine appears to benefit the majority of patients.

Cimetidine↗