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Biomedical subjects

J Guridi

Publications and source records attributed to J Guridi.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The subthalamic nucleus: a possible target for stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease.

Hyperactivity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) projections to the globus pallidus medialis (GPM) has been established as a crucial feature of parkinsonism in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent experiments blocking the STN glutamatergic output to GPM or lesioning the STN support this concept by showing a dramatic reversal of parkinsonism. We review the role of stereotaxic surgery in the past and the possible future application of subthalamotomy for PD.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Intracerebral hemorrhage caused by transmural dissection of the anterior cerebral artery.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spontaneous dissection of the intracranial carotid artery or its main branches is an unusual condition. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 72-year-old hypertensive woman after an intense nuchal rigidity showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage and an interhemispheric hematoma by computed tomography. The neuropathological study revealed a transmural dissection of the pericallosal artery. CONCLUSIONS: The authors suggest that the dissection origin is an atheromatous plaque that bleeds, producing a dissection plane from the lumen to the adventitial artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Spinal epidural abscesses. Conservative treatment. Three cases].

Spinal epidural abscesses (SEA) are an infrequent disease which should be suspected in patients with spinal and/or radicular pain, neurologic deficits and fever. We present 3 patients with SEA (two lumbar and one dorsal) who recovered following exclusively antibiotic treatment. The complete disappearance of the abscess was proven by magnetic resonance. Patients with SEA and discrete, stable deficits and with known germs, are susceptible to medical and not surgical treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[Cellular transplants for Parkinson's disease].

In rats with a lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), the histologic and functional viability of the striatal implant of fetal mesencephalic substantia nigra has been demonstrated. In the same model, the implant of adrenal medulla is also effective but less lasting. In monkeys with parkinsonism induced by MPTP there are suggestions of effectiveness of the fetal mesencephalic implant and also of other tissues such as placenta and sympathetic ganglion or sural nerve. Now the possibility of a better functional recovery by acting on the neuronal growth factors is being evaluated. In patients with Parkinson's disease, the accumulated experience indicates that 32% are improved with adrenal medulla implant, but the best candidates are those who also benefit from the available drug therapy without the risks of surgery. The implant of fetal tissue has been carried out in about 90 patients, with very variable results. In the most thoroughly investigated patients the improvement has been moderate. The future research points to the identification of the factors that control and regulate striatal reinnervation and the use of genetically determined cells. That would permit a more precise reposition of the biochemical deficiency in Parkinson's disease, without the ethical and practical problems derived from the use of fetal tissue.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1991

[A prospective study of subarachnoid hemorrhage in Navarra].

The authors evaluate subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the autonomous community of Navarra during 3 years. Ninety-five patients were evaluated (mean age (MA) 51.47 years). They were divided in groups depending on angiographic findings. Thirty-four had an intracranial aneurysm (MA 5%.23 years) with a female preponderance (66.7% vs 33.3%). Eight patients had an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) (MA 33.7 years); in 35 patients the angiographic study was negative (MA 44 years) and in 18 angiography was not carried out (MA 66.66 years). Computed tomography was positive in 40% of patients and there was a correlation between the amount of blood in the cisterns and poor outcome of patients after 6 months. In the discussion, the authors emphasize the high incidence of SAH without angiographic findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Giant intradiploic epidermoid tumor of the occipital bone: case report.

The authors describe a case of a giant intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the occipital bone with an intracranial extension in the posterior fossa and no signs of neurological involvement. The lesion started as a painless lump under the scalp. Roentgenographic and computed tomographic findings led to a correct diagnosis, and the complete removal of the cyst was accomplished, despite its large size. The total removal of these cysts is associated with a good prognosis.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgery of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease].

INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT: The subthalamic nucleus (STN) plays a crucial part in the pathophysiology of Parkinsonism. Its inactivation improves all the main signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Surgery of the STN in patients with the disease is effective and the benefit/risk relationship very favorable. Although the dyskinesias are not a definite limitation, it seems most reasonable to use techniques of deep cerebral stimulation until greater experience has been obtained with subthalamotomy. The long term efficacy is being studied and preliminary data indicate that the clinical benefit obtained is maintained in the long term. CONCLUSIONS: More studies are necessary to determine the mechanism of action of surgery on the STN. The potential neuroprotector effect of subthalamic surgery requires more extensive study.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intracranial hemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a tuberous sclerosis patient].

We describe a previously diagnosed tuberous sclerosis patient that arrived to the hospital with an intracerebral hemorrhage whose origin was an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). A craniectomy was performed and the hematoma was evacuated with the alleviation of the patient. Although the association between tuberous sclerosis and intracerebral hemorrhage is known in the literature it has never been described associated with an AVM.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current strategies for subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by aneurysm].

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm represents a major health issue. The natural history, rebleeding, fibrinolytic therapy and vasospasm are reviewed in this article. Current evaluation of the existing data suggests that early aneurysm surgery and aggressive postoperative volume expansion therapy constitute the best presently approach to patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Humans↗