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Biomedical subjects

J Guilbaud

Publications and source records attributed to J Guilbaud.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Multicenter study in actual situations of the activity of an antiseptic in the surgical washing of hands].

Results of a collaborative study carried out in three different hospitals by nine surgeons are reported. Activity of a new scrub applied according to a standardized protocol was compared with that of the different scrubs and/or antiseptics customarily used by participating surgeons with their habitual method. Activity of products was evaluated by bacterial counts in gloves. Statistical analysis of results demonstrates the value of this trial design which compares scrubs under real conditions of use.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1984

[Chemical burns].

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Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1983

Energy and nitrogen balances in 24 severely burned patients receiving 4 isocaloric diets of about 10 MJ/m2/day (2392 Kcalories/m2/day).

Twenty-four subjects with burns ranging from 25-70 per cent received for 12 days exclusively per os a series of 4 isocaloric diets of about 4000 Kcal--'normal', or hyperproteic, or hyperlipidic, or hyperglucidic according to a randomized schedule. Oxygen consumptions were measured at the end of each diet and nitrogen balance was determined every day. Though patients were not massively overfed there remained a positive energy gap. The nitrogen balance was found to be equilibrated on the whole but clearly positive with the hyperproteic diet and clearly negative with the hyperlipidic-normoproteic diet. Thus there is no rationale for the huge energy overfeeding classically used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Hemostasis in burn patients and treatment with heparin. Relation to prognosis and infection. Pattern of blood levels of prekallikrein, alpha-2-macroglobulin, antithrombin III, plasminogen and alpha-2-antiplasmin].

In burnt patients with a fatal prognosis, the level of prekallikrein is initially low and further diminished. In burnt patients who survive, the initial decrease of the prekallikrein level is less pronounced and is progressively overcome, significantly by the sixth day. Moreover the decrease of the prekallikrein level occurs before and during clinical infection. In good prognosis patients, the level of alpha-2-macroglobulin remains low until day 20 and then increases in the noninfected patients while in fatal prognosis patients the level decreases. The level of antithrombin III and plasminogen is lower in fatal prognosis patients. These is no correlation between the level of antiplasmin and the outcome of burn injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Valve of a freeze-dried gelatin-agarose combination in selective extraction of fibronectin from human plasma].

We report here a simple procedure for the isolation of human plasma fibronectin by affinity adsorption on a new lyophilized adsorbent which is obtained by mixing and polymerizing agarose with gelatin. This method permits to obtain fibronectin and a fibronectin-depleted plasma without dilution. The yield of fibronectin is about 20 to 25 per cent. Fibronectin was identified by cross-reactions against specific antibodies. Its purity (greater than or equal to 99 per cent) was controlled by immunoelectrophoresis and SDS-PAGE. Furthermore, its biological activity was demonstrated by a spreading test performed on BHK cells. Such a test can be used to determine the specific activity of extracted fibronectin considering that the number of spread cells placed in presence of exogenous fibronectin (5 microgram/ml of culture medium) was 4.5 to 5 fold-superior to the control, after 30 minutes of incubation at 37 degrees C.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1981

[New tactics in the therapy of children with severe burns (author's transl)].

The burns of the children could be very severe, but they can get over the first phase (shock) if suitable tactics are applied. Nowadays the second phase of the burns are dominant. The length of the second phase basically influences the developing of complications. The early (immediately) excision, the simultaneous substitution with homografting, and heterografting represents the technics which led to a fundamentally favourable prognosis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Biochemical and pharmacological properties of a neurotoxic protein isolated from the blood serum of heavily burned patients.

Blood serum of heavily burned patients contains neurotoxic substances which are not present in normal control sera. In the present paper, we describe the purification by gel filtration and ultracentrifugation of such a neurotoxic factor. The purified factor appeared to be a high molecular weight (2 to 3.10(6) daltons) lipoprotein. This factor was present in all the sera of patients with more than 35 per cent of the body surface burned. When injected into rabbits the lipoprotein caused a flattening of the EEG tracing, then trembling and convulsions with bursts of spikes on the EEG. The activity of this neurotoxic substance was enhanced when the permeability of the blood-brain barrier was increased by previous intraventricular injection of collagenase. The presence of such a neurotoxic factor in the blood serum of burned patients, together with the increased serum collagenase activity they exhibit may explain the neurotoxic symptoms observed in them.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Biochemical and pharmacological properties of a cardiotoxic factor isolated from the blood serum of burned patients.

Blood serum of severely burned patients contains several substances which are not present in normal sera. One of these substances, a small protein of an approximate molecular weight of 12 to 14,000 daltons displayed a toxic action on the circulatory system. This cardiotoxic factor was obtained in a purified form by alcohol precipitation followed by gel filtration and carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography. The purified preparation seems to be a low molecular weight protein of about 8000 daltons. The biological effects of this substance consist essentially of alterations of the ECG pattern, indicating decreased cardiac output and ischaemia of the cardial muscle. The blood pressure decreases and respiratory function is also altered. The presence of such a toxic factor in sufficient concentration in the blood serum may explain the cardiovascular complications observed in some burned patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serum elastase and its inhibitors in the blood of heavily burnt patients.

Serum elastase and its inhibitors were determined in the sera of heavily burnt patients. Serum elastase levels were elevated at two to eight days after a severe burn-accident and returned towards normal values from the 10th day on. Both alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha2-macroglobulin levels were also elevated in the sera of heavily burnt patients. alpha1-Antitrypsin showed a parallel evolution to the elastase level but alpha2-macroglobulin followed a somewhat different time curve. Plasminogen and antithrombin were not elevated significantly. It is suggested that serum elastase may play a role in tissue degradation in burnt patients.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1977

[Evolution of serum and erythrocyte magnesium levels in burn patients (author's transl)].

The study of the evolution of serum and erythrocyte magnesium in burn patients shows there exists, immediately after the thermic aggression, a reduction in the concentration of this cation. The hypomagnesemia is generally moderate and short; return to values considered normal is usually registered from the third day. Variations of the serum level are similar to those induced after a surgical operation. The hypothesis according to which there could exist a link between hypomagnesemia and a number of neuropsychiatric manifestations met simultaneously in the same patient cannot be excluded.

Adolescent↗