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Biomedical subjects

J Guerre

Publications and source records attributed to J Guerre.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Adenine arabinoside: hope in the treatment of chronic virus B hepatitis].

Five patients presenting with HBs Ag and HBe Ag-positive chronic hepatitis were treated with adenosine arabinoside (Vidarabine) in doses of 15 mg/kg/day. The drug was administered by intravenous infusion in 2 series of 5 infusions each separated by 2-day intervals. Two patients had a second course 4 months after the first one. There were no clinical or biochemical adverse reactions. Following treatment, serum transaminase levels returned to normal. All patients became HB Ag-negative, with presence of anti-HBe antibody in three; two patients became HBs Ag-negative, with presence of anti-HBs antibody in one. Although very short, this series should encourage further therapeutic studies, including a controlled, randomized trial in a large number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Human chromosome analysis in 24 cases of primary carcinoma of the large intestine: contribution of the G-banding technique.

As in the haemopathies, the application of cytogenetics to epithelial cancers could aid in the study of their pathogenesis evaluation. In this context we performed chromosome analyses on a series of human colo-rectal cancers. The technique was consistently reliable since the modal number of chromosomes could be determined in all 24 cases. In 22, karyotypes could also be established. Each tumour was characterized by a single cell clone in 21 cases and by a mosaic of 2 populations in 3 cases. Numerical anomalies were not due to chance: they enabled near-diploid (11 cases), near-triploid (9 cases), mosaic (3 cases) and highly polyploid (1 case) cancers to be distinguished. Supernumerary chromosomes were primarily in groups C and F. The most frequent markers before denaturation techniques were No 2q +, No F and minutes. Each time double-minutes were observed (5 cases), they were in invasive cancers (B and C Dukes classification). Cells were generally diploid in non-invasive cancers with fewer quantitative and structural anomalies. Tumour cytogenetics were related to the histological type and localization in the colon, as well as to the local and metastatic spread.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Local pseudocancerous inflammatory polyposis in Crohn's disease of the colon. Usefulness of coloscopy (author's transl)].

In Crohn's granulomatous colitis large pseudopolyps may produce local lesions with radiological images resembling cancer. In the case reported here, three successive lesions of similar radiological appearance located on different sites were found on post-operative examination to be proliferative pseudopolyps adjacent to typical granulomas. In all previously published cases, even when the patient was known to have Crohn's disease colectomy was invariably performed, probably for fear of a malignant tumour. Coloscopy, and particularly biopsies showing non-malignant lesions, could result in conservative treatment. Granulomas are more exceptionally found.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed1981

[Chronic active hepatitis and pregnancy. A case report and review of the literature (author's transl)].

Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus from mother to infant has been studied in chronic HBs Ag carriers. The frequency is low in Europe and USA (5 p. 100), contrasting with about 60 p. cent in Asia. The babies become usually chronic HBs Ag carriers. It is possible that chronic carriers have in fact chronic active liver diseases that are not recognized. Well documented observations of authenticated chronic hepatitis are so rare, that it is impossible to have a good idea of the maternal prognosis and to know the frequency of illness in the baby. We report the case of a 28 years old woman chronic active HBs Ag hepatitis diagnosed 2 years ago and treated with corticoids. After a normal pregnancy a healthy baby is born. THe HBs Ag is negative in the cord blood and in the serum. The maternal hepatitis has a good evolution. Three months later the baby becomes icteric, the HBs Ag is positive in the serum and he dies after 3 days. The prevention of such a bad evolution requires a prophylactic treatment. HBs immunoglobulins given to infants within 48 hours after birth and thereafter monthly for 6 months seems to be the better management.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Histoenzymatic study of the effects of aluminium phosphate on the gastric mucosa (author's transl)].

Gastric biopsies were performed before and after a 1-month aluminium phosphate gel treatment on 12 patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer requiring endoscopy. The sections were stained with various dyes used in histoenzymatic techniques, and colour intensity was evaluated double-blind by means of 0 to 5 scores. Compared with pretreatment levels, there was a statistically significant rise in PAS-toluidine blue activity, which measures mucus secretion (p less than 0.001) and in succinic dehydrogenase activity, an enzyme associated with cell respiration (p less than 0.05). The meaning of these changes is discussed. The mode of action of aluminum phosphate gels on the gastric mucosa remains hypothetical, but a direct contact induction mechanism seems more acceptable than an indirect mechanism involving non-specific reduction in intragastric acidity. Provided the results are statistically evaluated on a sufficient number of samples, PAS-toluidine blue and succinic dehydrogenase stains appear to constitute an easily measurable potential index of intracellular metabolic activity within the gastric mucosa. They could be used as markers to study the efficacy and biochemical mode of action of old and new drugs for gastro-duodenal disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Double contrast barium enema-colonoscopy. Comparative diagnostic value in 73 patients (author's transl)].

Double contrast barium enema and colonoscopy are great value in the diagnosis of lesions of the colon, especially polyps. This study involved 73 patients. The results were in agreement in 71,2% of cases and disagreed in 23,3%. In 5,5%, colonoscopy was technically inadequate. Classical barium enema remains indicated for the detection of carcinoma or in elderly or bedridden individuals. By contrast, barium enema should be replaced by double contrast study in the aetiological evaluation of rectal bleeding. In our own series, the diagnosis was positive in 92% of cases as long as both the radiological and endoscopic techniques were used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Sarcoidosis and Whipple's disease. Association? Relation?].

On the basis of a personal case in which two successive diagnoses of sarcoidosis and Whipple's disease were made at an interval of four years, the authors discuss the possible association or relationship between these two disorders, both diffuse, affecting the reticulo-histiocytic system and diagnosed on a histological basis. Review in the literature of 54 cases of Whipple's disease with pleuro-pulmonary lesions makes it possible on the one hand to associate with the latter numerous examples of extra-intestinal involvement, the histological appearance of which of a non-specific epithelioid granuloma does not indicate the diagnosis during the long pre-intestinal phase, and on the other hand to explain that during this period, the presence of pleuro-pulmonary lesions leads to an initial diagnosis of the probability of sarcoidosis. The practical consequences are as follows: The appearance of intestinal signs during "sarcoidosis" should lead to intestinal or mesenteric node biopsy to seek the macrophages with highly PAS positive cytoplasm characteristic of Whipple's disease. Their discovery necessitats long term antibiotic therapy which has recently transformed the outlook in this disease, invariably fatal in the past.

Bronchi↗