Prolactin has been lately singled-out among the pituitary hormones, and as such the object of considerable research in the past 15 years. The frequency of prolactin secreting adenomes is established now. The responsability of iatrogenic factors (neuroleptics, oral contraceptives) in some hyperprolactineamias is a known fact. The study of the inhibiting dopaminergic system was a landmark in the treatment of hyperprolactinaemia. During the recent Nice Congress, some issues remained unsettled on the physiological activities of prolactin. The matter is clearer when its comes to prolactin secretion. In equilibrium between inhibiting and stimulant factors, the secretion is controlled by the CNS, influenced by the hormonal environment, and its timing is the object of a retrocontrol. This is a very instructive pattern in endocrinology.

Adrenal Glands↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulmonary oedema in early stages of myocardial infarction. Contribution of haemodynamic studies to diagnosis and prognosis].

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Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperprolactinaemia antiemetic-induced; comparison between four drugs (author's transl)].

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Strategy for laboratory tests of thyroid function (author's transl)].

Clinical findings suggesting hyperthyroidism should be confirmed by the following basic tests of thyroid function: serum T3 and T4, and iFT4. In the case where there is contradiction between the T3 and T4 values, hyperthyroidism may be confirm by the absence of effect of TRH on serum TSH level. Clinical findings suggesting hypothyroidism should be confirmed by the following basic tests: serum T3 and T4, iFT4, and serum TSH which also will be greatly helpful in the differentiation of primary or secundary hypothyroidism. When there is an absence of parallelism between total and free T3 and T4 determinations, it is necessary to look for a possible abnormality in the binding protein. In vivo explorations (radio-iodine uptake, scintigraphy) and other assays should be proposed in view of clinical findings but should not be systematically prescribed.

Goiter↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[ACTH response to 24 hours oral metyrapone test in normal children (author's transl)].

A study of ACTH response to orally given metyrapone were carried out with 32 normal subjects aged 18 months to 15. Effectiveness of adrenal inhibition was supported by delta F > 5 microgram or cortisol level after metyrapone < 3 microgram/100 ml. The strong positive correlation between delta F and delta ACTH indicates the high sensibility of delta ACTH as an index of the responsiveness. No correlation was found between delta ACTH and weight, height, or age. Mean level (M +/- 2 SEM) are established: plasma ACTH level at 8 before metyrapone = 32,1 +/- 7,5 pg/ml; plasma ACTH level at 8 after metyrapone = 271,8 +/- 57 pg/ml; delta ACTH = 240 +/- 6 pg. Including these considerations, biological ACTH variability, and reproductibility of determinations, an abnormal response seems to be proved by plasma ACTH level at 8 after metyrapone < 100 pg/ml or/and delta ACTH < 70 pg. A normal response is established by delta ACTH > 150 pg.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Lack of ACTH responsiveness in children and paroxysmal central nervous system manifestations. (Study of nine cases of isolated ACTH deficiency) (author's transl)].

Study of ACTH responsiveness to oral metyrapone and insulin hypoglycemia in children with repetitive nervous system manifestations (convulsions, coma, mental confusion apathy, tremor) has led to diagnosis of isolated ACTH deficiency in nine children within a three year period. Hypoglycemia was ascertained in five children; in four cases no hypoglycemia was proved, possibly because of promptly disappearance or because of other mechanisms accounting for clinical symptoms (occurrence of intracellular overhydratation associated with corticol deficiency is considered). The incidence of isolated ACTH deficiency in children is possibly undervalued. Reappraisal of isolated ACTH deficiency in childhood as to be considered in idiopathic spontaneous hypoglycemia and perhaps in some paroxysmal neurologic and/or digestive manifestations without proved hypoglycemia and so far poorly defined or held for epileptic fits. In order to disclose further additional tropic hormone deficiencies, and to differentiate permanent from transient impairment of ACTH responsiveness which often seems to be related to emotional deprivation syndrome, more protracted follow up studies are needed.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of hemofiltration on plasma levels of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin].

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Acrylonitrile↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Long-term effects of a combination of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on osteodystrophy in chronic hemodialysis patients].

vitamin compounds to the basic dialytic treatment of renal osteodystrophy is of contestable interest. Because 1) optimum conditions of dialysis without D vitamin addition prevent efficiently the progress of severe gyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia 2) the D vitamin compunds could render the phosphatemia control more difficult thus contributing to aggravate the histologic lesions of hyperparathyroidism.

Adult↗