Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Gu

Publications and source records attributed to J Gu.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Chronic toxicity of rare-earth elements on human beings: implications of blood biochemical indices in REE-high regions, South Jiangxi.

Blood analyses for rare-earth element (REE)-high background regions in South Jiangxi show that the population averages of many of the biochemical indices deviate markedly from normal values in the normal region. These deviations are thought to be caused by prolonged intake of REE through food chains in view of that the toxicity of other harmful metals such as Pb and Cd can be neglected because of their insignificant amounts in the environment. In comparison with the normal region, blood biochemical indices abnormal in the REE-high regions are manifested as low total serum protein (TSP), albumin, beta-globulin, glutamic pyruvic transitanase, serium triglycerides, and immunoglobulin, but high cholesterol. These deviations may be related to the REE concentration and composition of food chains, and are sex dependent. Certain blood indices (such as TSP) of different age groups in the LREE-high region indicate that the influence of REE on males is a one-way irreversible process, whereas females show a strong ability of restoration.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Rare-earth element distribution characteristics of biological chains in rare-earth element-high background regions and their implications.

The rare-earth element (REE) contents of water and vegetables from two typical REE-high background regions and a normal region in Gannan, Jiangxi Province, indicated that the REE contents were significantly different from those of water and vegetables, respectively. The average values are 0.03 mg/L and 0.11 mg/L REE for water from regions A and B. As the REE contents of vegetables from region A are different from region B, it is suggested that there are a number of factors controlling the REE distribution from those among plants. By comparing with the normal region, the soluble REE contents of water from the REE-high background regions are higher than those of the normal region by factors of 18 and 68, respectively. The REE contents of most plants and crops from regions A and B are higher than those of the normal region. It is clear that the REEs are the indispensable elements of plants during their growing period. Why are the REE contents of some plants from regions A and B usually higher than those from the normal region? The answer is that the plants and crops have passively absorbed REE during their growth.

China↗
PubMed2000

Bacteriostatic effects of cerium-humic acid complex: an experimental study.

The bacteriostatic potency of the cerium-humic acid complex was evaluated by experimental measurement of this complex interaction with E. coli, Bacillus pyocyaneus, Staphylococcus aureus, Leuconostoc and Streptococcus faecalis, and by comparison bacteriostatic effects with the cerium-citrate complex. The experimental results indicated that the cerium-humic acid complex strongly inhibited growth of all five bacterial strains, and its diameter of bacteriostatic circles were more than 30 mm. The minimal bacteria-inhibiting concentration were 1 x 10(-3), 2 x 10(-3) and 1 x 10(-2) mol/L for E. coli and Bacillus pyocyaneus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Leuconostoc and Streptococcus faecalis individually, and the measured minimal bactericidal concentrations were 2 x 10(-3) and 1 x 10(-2) mol/L for Bacillus pyocyaneus, E. coli, and Leuconostoc. To kill Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis, the concentration had to be more than 1 x 10(-20 mol/L. On the contrary, we found that cerium-citrate complex did not inhibit the growth of the above five bacteria, but stimulated bacterial growth. The completely different bacteriostatic results of two cerium complexes may hint that the association and chemical properties of the two complexes were different.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Induction of mouse CYP2J by pyrazole in the eye, kidney, liver, lung, olfactory mucosa, and small intestine, but not in the heart.

We have recently shown that rat CYP2J4 is inducible by pyrazole in liver, small intestine, and olfactory mucosa. The aim of the present study was to determine whether mouse CYP2Js are also inducible by pyrazole, which was known to induce CYP2A5 in mouse liver and kidney, but not in lung or olfactory mucosa. CYP2J proteins were detected in mouse liver, lung, kidney, heart, eye, olfactory mucosa, and small intestine by immunoblot analysis with an anti-CYP2J4 antibody. The microsomal level of the CYP2J4-related P450s in various mouse tissues ranked in the order of small intestine > olfactory mucosa > liver > kidney > or = heart > lung > eye. Induction of the CYP2J proteins was observed in the eye, liver, lung, kidney, olfactory mucosa, and small intestine, but not in the heart, after daily i.p. injection of pyrazole at 120 or 200 mg/kg for 3 days. CYP2J proteins were induced similarly in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. CYP2A5 was detected in the small intestine in addition to liver and olfactory mucosa; however, treatment with pyrazole induced CYP2A5 in the liver, but not in the olfactory mucosa or the small intestine. Induction of CYP2J mRNAs was also observed by RNA blot analysis with a CYP2J4 cDNA probe. RNA-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that, in both untreated and pyrazole-treated mice, CYP2J5 was expressed in the kidney and liver, but not in the other tissues examined, whereas CYP2J6 was detected in all tissues examined. The different tissue selectivities in CYP2A5 and CYP2J induction by pyrazole suggest involvement of different regulatory mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Primary study on the life of Liu Chun, a famous Ming physician].

Liu Chun, a famous physician of the Ming dynasty, born in a prestigious family in Wuling (Tai County, Jiangsu Province). He studied medicine from his father Liu Juquan and Mr. Feng Tinggan in his early years. It was said Liu Chun moved to Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) in 1368 and lived there for about twenty years, then moved to Liangzhou along with the army (Wuwei County, Gansu Province) before 1395 and resided in Ganzhou (Zhangye County, Gansu Province). He wrote many medical books, including Yi jing xiao xue, Yu ji wei yi, Za bing zhi li and Shang han zhi li, all published after his death. His other two books Tai su mai jue and Shou qin yang lao bu yi could not be found. It was inferred that Liu Chun who lived for about seventy years might be born in 1340 and died in 1412.

China↗
PubMed2000

[Rhubarb extracts in treating complications of severe cerebral injury].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of the Chinese medicinal herb, Rhubarb, on severe brain injury. METHODS: Rhubarb extracts in ethyl alcohol and water were used to treat 20 patients with severe cerebral injury complicated by hyperthermia, renal failure, hemorrhage in the upper digestive tract, and increased intracranial pressure. Vital signs, variations of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and intracranial pressure (ICP) of the patients were observed. The degree of hemorrhage in the digestive tract and the change in creatinine value were also observed. Other 20 patients served as controls. RESULTS: The result of the treatment group was more marked than that of the control group. Three days after administration of the rhubarb extract, the body temperature decreased by 1.1 degrees C, ICP by 0.4 kPa (1 mm Hg = 0.1333 kPa) on average, and the incidence of hemorrhage in the digestive tract by 30%. The volume of hemorrhage of the digestive tract decreased by 700 +/- 250 ml, and the time for turning occult blood to negative by 10%. CONCLUSION: The Chinese medical herb, rhubarb, has multiple therapeutic effects on severe brain injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Non-X-ray comprehensive measurement for accurate localization of sublabio-septo-sphenoidal approach.

OBJECTIVE: To use non-X-ray comprehensive measurement for accurate localization of sublabio-septo-sphenoidal approach for shortening operating duration, decreasing hemorrhage, and increasing the success rate of operation. METHODS: Operations in 122 patients suffering from tumors in the sella turcica region used non-X-ray localizations including localization by the angle formed by the glalella, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina-sella turcica; localization by the angle formed by the upper incisors, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina-sella turcica; and localization by anatomical markers (determination of the midline by the nasoseptum and vomer; determination of the anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus by the foramen of the sphenoidal sinus and vomer body; correction of the site by septum of the sphenoidal sinus; location of the center of saddle by the shape of the floor of the sella and determination of the approach direction by the damaged area in the sella turcica region) were comprehensively employed. Additionally, X-ray localization was used to correct its accuracy. RESULTS: Non-X-ray comprehensive localization was applied to 40 patients for determining the site and depth of the floor of the sella, and the preciseness of the measurement was confirmed with X-ray. Operating duration averages 2.2 hours. Non-X-ray localization was directly applied to 82 patients for comprehensively measuring the floor of the sella, and operations were successful. Operating duration averages 1.5 hours and blood transfusion averages 200 ml. No deaths and severe complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Non-X-ray comprehensive measurement can be directly applied for precisely localizing the floor of the sella.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

von Willebrand disease in China.

PURPOSE: To review the molecular pathogenesis in Chinese patients with von Willebrand disease (vWD) and polymorphisms of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in Chinese population. DATA SOURCES: Both Chinese and English language literature search using MEDLINE (1985-1998), and original articles published in main Chinese and international journals. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: After reviewing of the literature, 19 articles of them were selected that specifically addressed the stated purpose. RESULTS: The molecular pathogenesis of vWD was variant. Six cases of point mutation have been found in Chinese patients with vWD. The system of site-directed mutagenesis and expression of vWF gene was constructed. The polymorphisms of vWF gene are very different between Chinese and Gaucasians. CONCLUSION: Combining to gene mutant in vWD patients, the use of site- directed mutagenesis and expression of vWF will help to understand the vWF function. The polymorphisms of vWF gene are useful marker in Chinese for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of vWD.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Expression and significance of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human gliomas.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) in human gliomas. METHODS: mRNA and protein expressions of uPA were examined by Northern blot hybridization and immunohistochemical method in 43 cases of gliomas and 5 cases of normal brain tissues and their relationship to clinical indexes was comprehensively analyzed. RESULTS: All tissues expressed the 2.5 kb transcript of uPA mRNA. The uPA mRNA level in high-grade gliomas was considerably higher than that in low-grade gliomas and normal brain tissues (P < 0.01). Levels of uPA mRNA expression in tumor tissues with recurrence during 18 postoperative months and a survival period less than 3 years, were significantly higher than counterparts (P < 0.01). uPA mRNA expression was strongly correlated with the microvessel quantity (MVQ) in gliomas (r = 0.56, P < 0.01). uPA protein was mainly distributed in tumor cells and endothelial cells of glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas. CONCLUSION: Expression of uPA is associated with the malignant progression, invasion and angiogenesis of gliomas, and it may play a critical role in the recurrence and prognosis of gliomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament by free autograft of middle one third of bone-patellar tendon-bone complex].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) by free autograft of middle one third of bone-patellar tendon-bone complex which was formed by lower edge of patella, middle one third of patellar tendon, and tibial tubercle. METHODS: From April 1994 to August 1996, ACL reconstruction by bone-patellar tendon-bone complex was performed in 8 patients with ACL injury. RESULTS: All cases were followed up 5 months to 3 years, averaged 26 months, excellent results were obtained in 4 cases, better in 3 cases and moderate in 1 case. The Lanchman test and/or anterior drawer test were positive in 8 cases preoperatively and only 1 case was positive postoperatively. Instability existed in 5 cases preoperatively were disappeared after operation. All patients could basically meet the demands of daily life. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of ACL by free autograft of middle one third of bone-patellar tendon-bone complex is an effective method for the restoration of stability in knee joint.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of abdominal lavage with Chinese drugs on bacteria translocation in acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different abdominal lavage fluid on bacterial translocation in acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis (AHNP) of rat model. METHODS: One hundred and sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group, AHNP group, antibiotics group and Chinese drugs group. The treated group were treated with intraperitoneal lavage for 72 hours. The peritoneal fluid and blood samples were collected for bacterial culture. Pancreas were examined histopathologically. RESULTS: In Chinese drugs group, the pathologic damage in pancreas were milder than that of AHNP group, and as compared with AHNP group, the bacterial positive rates of blood and peritoneal lavage fluid culture were reduced from 80% to 40% and 90% to 40% respectively. CONCLUSION: AHNP impaired the gut barrier function which led to bacterial translocation from the gut to other organs. It plays an important role in intestinal infection secondary to AHNP. Abdominal lavage with Chinese drugs is effective in preventing intestinal bacterial translocation, it showed its protection on gut barrier function by alleviating the damage of intestinal mucosa and pancreatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Anatomical basis of autonomic nerve-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To clarify anatomical basis of autonomic nerve-preserving radical resection for rectal cancer. METHOD: Of 10 cadavers, 4 were male and 2 female. Four had hemisected pelvis in the mid-sagittal plane without damaging the retrorectal anatomy. All stages of each dissection were recorded photographically. RESULTS: Hypogastric nerves were identified. The superior hypogastric plexus is the direct extension of the aortic plexus below the aortic bifurcation. It lies immediately behind the peritoneum and descends over the anterior surface of the 5th lumbar vertebra in the retroperitoneal tissue. The superior hypogastric plexus ends by bifurcating into the right and left hypogastric nerves. The two hypogastric nerves diverge from each other at about the level of the sacral promontory and run down and forward along the walls of the pelvis in the lamina of the pelvic fascia closest to the peritoneum. Both of them are strong fibres with white-grey and reticular appearance and well located just below and close to the aortic bifurcation. And after bifurcation each of them also gives rise to several branches. But it is difficult to identify the pelvic splanchnic nerves in complete samples. In mid-sagitted samples they take origin from the second to fourth sacral ventral rami just after the sacral nerves have emerged from the pelvic sacral foramina. They always form plexus at the lateral ligament and are crossed by middle rectal artery. CONCLUSIONS: It is not very difficult to preserve the hypogastric nerves to spare functions in resection for rectal cancer to the anatomical knowledge of the pelvic autonomic nerves. When the pelvic splanchnic nerves are to be preserved, dissection must be cautious at the level of the lateral ligment on the side of nerve-preservation. The operation should be performed near the rectum as close as possible to achieve functional preservation.

Autonomic Pathways↗
PubMed2000

[Somatostatin and growth hormone promote spontaneous closure of enterocutaneous fistula].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the method for promoting spontaneous heal of enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS: Experimentally, we investigated the effect of rhGH on wound granulation and intestinal mucosa. Clinically, combined somatostatin and rhGH was compared with somatostatin in the treatment of enteric fistula. RESULTS: Animal studies demonstrated that rhGH was effective to increase the content of hydroxyproline and amount of fibroblast cell in wound granulation. In clinical trial, the spontaneous cure rate was significantly higher in patients treated with combined rhGH and somatostatin than in those treated with somatostatin alone (96.5% vs 68.4%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Combined rhGH and somatostatin is a new therapeutic method for the treatment of enteric fistula. It may promote the spontaneous cure of enteric fistula.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The effect of TGF-beta1 on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 and matrix metalloproteinases in cultured rat mesangial cells transfected with antisense-TGF-beta1 vector].

OBJECTIVE: To study the plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 (PAI-1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression on the cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC) transfected with antisense-TGF-beta1 vector. METHODS: Lipofectin method was used to transfect antisense-TGF-beta1 vector into MsC, Western blot and Northern blot analysis for detecting TGF-beta1 peptides and antisense TGF-beta1 RNA level. The expression of PAI-1 and MMPs were determined by Northern blot, Western bolt and zymography assay. RESULTS: The MsC clone (MAT1) which blocked the expression of TGF-beta1 peptides was successfully established. The MsC clone showed increased expression of MMP-2 mRNA protein and enzyme activity of MMP-2, 3, 7. However, expression of PAI-1 mRNA of MsC clone was suppressed. CONCLUSION: Blocked expression of TGF-beta1 can upregulate the expression of MMP-2, 3, 7 and downregulate the expression of PAI-1 mRNA in MsC. It is possible that antisense-TGF-beta1 may be used for gene therapy in glomerular diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Exploration of gene expression profiles of CD(34)(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells based on large scale sequencing].

OBJECTIVE: To set up a large scale sequencing system and explore the gene expression profiles of CD(34)(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). METHODS: CD(34)(+) cells were isolated from umbilical cord blood and subjected to cDNA library construction. A primary profile of gene expression in HSPCs was emerged by EST sequencing and bioinformatics analyzing. RESULTS: Among 9,866 ESTs thus obtained, 7 476 meaningful ESTs were clustered into 2,060 unique sequence species (USSs), representing 1,054 known gene species and 1,006 unknown gene fragments. The 1054 known genes were divided into 8 categories: (1) hematopoiesis associated: 73, (2) chromatin structure and cell division/apoptosis: 91, (3) signal transduction and receptors: 111, (4) cell structure/mobility: 48, (5) cell/organism defense/homeostasis: 41; (6) Gene expression (transcription, translation and modification): 265, (7) metabolism: 192; and (8) unclassified: 233. CONCLUSION: A gene expression profile including 1,054 known genes and 1006 new gene fragments of HSPCs was primarily obtained, which may lay a basis for the further study on the molecular mechanism of hematopoiesis regulation and provide candidates for new gene cloning.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed2000

[The disposing techniques of evoked potentials].

This paper is to bring forward the new disposing techniques of evoked potentials which include four aspect techniques of the averaging, the recording, digital sampling and filters about the averaging, evoked potential amplitude, evoked potential latency, evoked potential recording, and evoked potential generations. The technique of the averaging including signal filtering and a periodic averaging, can enhance EP dedection. The commercial EP machines also plot changes in latency between serial EP studies in order to detect trends in peak latency. The modern digital EP recording device consists of sensory stimator, recording amplifiers with analog filters, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital signal averager, and a display and storage system. A sample-and-hold function is one of the recent developments which used EP collectors that provide simultaneous recording with multiple channels employing different time and voltage scales and sampling rates. The EP data may be further processed following A-D conversion by digital filters.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed2000

[Establishment of the animal model of triple semicircular canal occlusion].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the animal model of triple semicircular canal occlusion(TCO) in guinea pigs. METHODS: TCO was performed on 20 guinea pigs. Electronystagmography, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) were recorded pre- and post-operatively. The non-operated ear was used as control. RESULTS: There was spontaneous nystagmus towards non-operated side on the 1st postoperative day and no nystagmus to stimuli of sinusoidal angular acceleration in operated side. On the 30th postoperative day, left and right nystagmus returned symmetrical. Pre-operation, ice-water stimulation induced normal symmetric nystagmus in both sides. On the 30th postoperative day, ice-water stimulation only induced normal nystagmus in non-operated ear and failed in operated one. ABR thresholds increased approximately 10 dB post-operation. There were no significant changes of the amplitudes of DPOAE before and after surgery. Histologic examination revealed complete occlusion in the three semicircular canals with newly formed bone and connective tissue. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the animal model of TCO was successfully established. These findings suggests that TCO might be a safe and simple procedure for the treatment of intractable peripheral vertigo.

Animals↗