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Biomedical subjects

J Grimm

Publications and source records attributed to J Grimm.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The left ventricular function in bicycle ergometric stress before and after aortocoronary bypass surgery].

Biplane left ventricular cineangiograms and pressure measurements were performed in 44 patients with coronary heart disease at rest and during submaximal or symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise before and 7 +/- 3 months after bypass surgery. Revascularization was complete in 12 (group 1) and incomplete in 32 patients (group II). Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was within normal limits at rest and declined during exercise in both groups (group I from 59 to 51%, p less than 0.01; group II from 61 to 48%, p less than 0.001). Postoperative EF at rest was nearly identical to preoperative EF in both groups and remained unchanged during exercise (group I from 65 to 63%; group II from 58 to 56%). Peak systolic pressure to end-systolic volume index ratio (LVSP/ESVI in mm Hg/ml . m-2) also decreased during exercise in both groups peroperatively (group I from 3.7 to 3.2 [n.s.]; group Ii from 3.4 to 2.6, p less than 0.005). Postoperative LVSP/ESVI at rest was again unchanged as compared to preoperative LVSP/ESVI. During exercise, however, it increased in both groups, reaching higher values in group I than in group II (5.1 vs. 3.7, p less than 0.05). Whereas both parameters indicate improvement of global left ventricular function following surgery, LVSP/ESVI also suggests more marked recovery of function in patients with complete revascularization than in those where revascularization is incomplete.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Isoxsuprine in the perinatal period. II. Relationships between neonatal symptoms, drug exposure, and drug concentration at the time of birth.

Forty preterm infants with maternal isoxsuprine exposure less than 24 hours delivery and 40 matched control infants were studied prospectively to determine the acute neonatal effects of maternal ISX exposure. The cord ISX concentration correlated inversely with the drug-free interval before delivery (P < 0.001). Cord ISX concentrations > 10 mg/ml were seen only with intravenous maternal therapy and a drug-discontinuance to delivery interval of two hours or less. The plasma half-life of ISX in neonates ranged from 1.7 to 8 hours; gestationally younger infants required a longer time for drug clearance. Ileus was 13 times more common in the ISX group and was not directly related to the cord ISX concentration. The incidence of hypotension and hypocalcemia rose directly with the cord ISX concentration, reaching 89% and 100%, respectively, when the cord ISX level exceeded 10 ng/ml. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was low in the ISX infants with low cord drug values, but increased to that of the control group when the cord ISX concentration reached > 10 ng/ml.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Left ventricular function during exercise before and after bypass surgery.

Biplane left ventricular cineangiograms and pressure measurements were performed in 44 patients with coronary heart disease at rest and during submaximal or symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise before and 7 +/- 3 months after bypass surgery. Revascularization was complete in 12 (group I) and incomplete in 32 patients (group II). Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was within normal limits at rest and declined similarly during exercise in both groups (group I from 59 to 51%, p less than 0.01; group II from 61 to 48%, p less than 0.001). Postoperative EF at rest was nearly identical to preoperative EF in both groups (group I, 65%; group II, 58%) and remained unchanged during exercise (group I, 63%; group II, 56%). Peak systolic pressure to end-systolic volume index ratio (LVSP/ESVI in mm Hg/ml . m-2) also decreased during exercise in both groups preoperatively (group I from 3.7 to 3.2, NS; group II from 3.4 to 2.6, p less than 0.005). Postoperative LVSP/ESVI at rest was again unchanged as compared to preoperative LVSP/ESVI. During exercise, however, it increased in both groups reaching higher values in patients of group I than of group II (5.1 versus 3.7, p less than 0.05). Whereas both parameters indicate an improvement in global left ventricular function following surgery, LVSP/ESVI even suggests a more sizable recovery of function in patients with complete as compared to those with incomplete revascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Regulation of urea cycle enzymes in transplantable hepatomas and in the livers of tumor-bearing rats and humans.

The levels of the five enzymes of the urea cycle were measured in normal 5-week-old rats, in a transplantable hepatoma, and in the livers of tumor-bearing rats (host livers). The levels of all five enzymes were much lower in the hepatoma, although there was no exact correlation of the decrease in levels. In host livers, the levels were higher than in the tumors, but lower than in normal liver. The levels of all five urea cycle enzymes were positively correlated with dietary protein content in normal livers, in hepatomas, and in host livers. In fact, the hepatomas showed the greatest changes in response to diet. On all diets, the levels in host liver remained below those in normal liver, indicating that the decreased level was probably not due to preferential utilization of nutrients by the tumor. The levels of urea cycle enzymes in normal liver were not altered by a single injection of glucocorticoid, glucagon, or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. By contrast, in hepatoma, the levels were usually significantly elevated by the same treatment. In addition, the levels in host livers were always significantly elevated and were usually above those in normal animals, whether the latter were hormone treated or not. Injection of plasma from tumor-bearing rats into normal animals produced a decrease in the levels of all five enzymes; if glucagon was injected together with the plasma, large increases in levels were observed. This result supports the concept of a humoral factor produced by the tumor which affects the levels and the inducibility of urea cycle enzymes in host livers. Autopsied human primary hepatomas also showed levels of urea cycle enzymes below those in normal livers with host livers having intermediate values. A cell line derived from a human hepatoma showed induction of arginase by glucocorticoid in culture; in this, it resembled a cell line of the rat hepatoma. Tyrosine aminotransferase in human hepatoma cells was not induced by glucocorticoid; in this, it differed from the rat hepatoma cells where induction of this enzyme was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Risk:benefit considerations for the use of isoxsuprine in the treatment of premature labor.

Seventy patients treated with isoxsuprine for premature labor were studied. In patients with intact membranes prolongation of pregnancy for more than 7 days occurred in 77% of women with 50% cervical effacement or less and 3 cm dilatation or less at the initiation of therapy, and in none with more than 50% effacement and more than 3 cm dilatation. Cervical effacement was the primary factor in determining success. Cord isoxsuprine concentrations averaged 90% of maternal concentrations at delivery. Maternal and cord isoxsuprine concentrations at delivery were inversely correlated with the drug-free interval before delivery. An interval of more than 5 hours was necessary to attain a cord concentration of less than 2 ng/ml, a level not associated with neonatal problems. Drug-free intervals of 2 hours or less usually resulted in cord isoxsuprine values of more than 10 ng/ml, levels that are associated with severe neonatal problems. Seventy-seven percent of infants with cord isoxsuprine concentrations of more than 2 ng/ml and 91% with values of more than 10 ng/ml were delivered of mothers with more than 3 cm dilatation or more than 50% effacement at the initiation or reinstitution of intravenous therapy. Most severe neonatal problems are preventable if patients are selected carefully.

Female↗
PubMed1980

[Prevalence of hypertension and borderline hypertension in students. Comparison with a non-student group].

A blood pressure detection program was conducted at the University of Zurich in June 1978. Three consecutive blood pressure measurements using random-zero mercury sphygmomanometers (n = 4) were performed in 1364 students and 440 other subjects by 8 different investigators. Height and body weight were also measured and used to calculate the body mass index (Quetelet index). Personal history, physical activity, smoking and dietary habits were analyzed with the aid of a questionnaire. In comparison to initially measured values, there was a statistically significant decrease in systolic and diastolic pressure readings as the trial proceeded (p less than 0.001). Based on the mean value of all three measurements, hypertension was observed in only 1.7% of the male and 0.9% of the female students. In the other subjects covered by the trial the comparable values were 7.9% in males and 4.5% in females. The true prevalence of hypertension (addition of those persons with normotensive blood pressure values and simultaneous antihypertensive therapy) was 1.9% in male and 1.1% in female students, whereas 12.0% of the male and 8.5% of the female non-students suffered from hypertension. The prevalence of border-line hypertension (mean value of all three tests) was 7.4% in male and 3.0% in female students. Corresponding values for the other subjects tested were 18.7% (males) and 11.6% (females).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Control of plasma aldosterone during chronic hemodialysis.

To investigate the effect of chronic hemodialysis (CH) on adrenal aldosterone release plasma aldosterone (PA), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma cortisol (PC) and the serum concentrations of potassium (K) and sodium (Na) were measured before and at monthly intervals up to 26 months after initiation of CH in 42 patients with terminal renal failure. Body weight (BW), systolic (BPs) and diastolic (BPd) blood pressure were determined simultaneously. With 2 exceptions PA, PRA and PC as well as BW, BPs and BPd showed no significant changes. Following month 2 K was always significantly higher than the starting value while significantly higher Na values were observed in 12 of 26 different test periods (P less than 0.05--less than 0.001). Correlation analysis between the various parameters determined in this study revealed in 16 of 26 different months a significant relationship between PA and PRA (P less than 0.05--less than 0.001) and as expected in 20 of 26 between BPs and BPd (P less than 0.05--less than 0.001). Only at times were punctual correlations seen between any of the remaining parameters. Our results demonstrate that the prime influence of the renin angiotensin system on PA remains unaltered during CH. We conclude that the observed punctual correlations between the various parameters determined in this study are random and do not reflect a true relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[On-line measurement of antibiotic concentrations (author's transl)].

A laboratory computer implementation of an inhibition zone antibiotic assay is described. It utilizes square plates with 49 or 64 wells containing standards and unknowns. Inhibition zone sizes are measured and, using parabolic regression, the unknown antibiotic concentrations are computed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Serological investigations on rabies tissue culture vaccine (USSR) and development of short methods in post-exposure treatment.

Comparisons have been carried out in the GDR between the Hempt-vaccine, which has been used until now, and a vaccine prepared in the USSR from the Vnukovo-32 strain on tissue culture. A trial of 1,800 treatments undertaken in 18 vaccination centres has clearly shown that the tissue culture vaccine is superior to the Hempt-vaccine and allows the number of injections to be reduced. The authors recommend three types of treatment--with or without the combination of antirabies immunoglobulin--according to the risk of exposure or the injuries sustained.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1978

[Immunoglobulins (IgG, secretory-IgA) and function of parotid gland in children with cystic fibrosis, with bronchial asthma, and with chronic bronchitis (author's transl)].

The immunoglobulins IgG and IgA (Secretory-IgA) were determined in connection with the parameters of secretion in parotid saliva. Children with cystic fibrosis, with bronchial asthma and with chronic bronchitis were compared. No significant differences were found for the groups of cystic fibrosis, of bronchial asthma, and of chronic bronchitis in comparison to a control group in relation to flow rate and protein content in parotid saliva. The comparison of the groups of diseases showed striking differences only with regard to the output of the gland after stimulation. The output of the gland per minute for IgG was decreased for patients with bronchial asthma as well as for patients with cystic fibrosis. No differences were found for the patients with chronic bronchitis and for the control group. Also the output of the gland for secretory-IgA was decreased after stimulation in the groups of disease: bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis. The concentration of immunoglobulins in serum no correlation with the concentration of immunoglobulins in saliva neither for IgA nor for IgG. A high content of IgG in serum of patients with cystic fibrosis was observed. The mean values of IgA in serum of patients with chronic bronchitis were found to be significantly decreased.

Adolescent↗