Biomedical subjects
J Griffiths
Publications and source records attributed to J Griffiths.
Prevention of coronary heart-disease.
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The creatine kinase profile of a maintenance hemodialysis population: a possible marker of uremic myopathy.
We surveyed the sera of 100 regularly hemodialyzed patients for creatine kinase (CK) and isoenzyme activity (MM, MB, BB) in order to determine the meaning of persistently elevated CK fortuitously noted in a porportion of these patients in the absence of clinical events to account for this finding. Nineteen patients (19 percent) had sustained CK elevation over the period of investigation with the skeletal muscle isoenzyme (MM) predominating. BB was within the normal range in these patients and MB exceeded 3.0% of total CK in only 2 patients. The pre-dialysis blood urea nitrogen mean for ths group was significantly higher (P < 0.02) as was the serum creatine per kilogram of dry body weight (P < 0.05) than for the group with normal CK totals. There was no significant difference in peroneal nerve conduction velocity of serum bicarbonate between these groups. CK activity also correlated significantly with predialysis blood urea nitrogen values (r = 0.52, P < .001). The deranged nitrogen metabolism previously noted in uremia leads us to conclude that the excess skeletal muscle CK may be related to the muscle wasting noted in some uremic patients.
When a patient talks about death.
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The Royal Commission and prevention.
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Micro-processors, macro-economic policy, and public health.
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The presence of serum creatine kinase 2 (MB) in hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis.
We recently found 17 U/l of isoenzyme creatine kinase (CK) 2 (MB), or 3.2% of total 533 U/l CK activity, in a patient with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis who did not show clinical or EKG evidence of acute myocardial necrosis. The myopathy associated with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis is thus another cause for the presence of CK 2 (MB). CK 2 (MB) is not a specific isoenzyme for myocardial damage since it may be identified in the serum of patients with skeletal muscle conditions.
Community psychiatric nursing.
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Catechol-O-methyl transferase activity in patients with depressive illness and anxiety states.
Erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) activity was studied in 65 patients with depressive illness and anxiety states. A hypothesis that measurement of this enzyme might have some value as an aid to diagnosis and as an index of clinical recovery has not been confirmed. In patients with endogenous depression, agitated subjects had COMT levels significantly higher than normal (P less than .01) and retarded subjects had levels significantly lower than normal (P less than .02). These observations are congruent with some reports of high and low urinary MHPG excretion in patients with depression. Further data correlating COMT assays with catecholamine metabolites in depressed patients may reveal homogeneous biochemical subgroups which could serve as a guide to rational therapy.
Glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (total and isoenzyme activity) in the early diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Enzyme "panels," in which creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities in serum are measured, are useful indicators of myocardial infarction. We examined a further enzyme, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.12), by comparison with creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), in the early diagnosis of such infarctions. Results indicate that this total dehydrogenase appears in the serum before total creatine kinase activity; however, the lack of cardio-specificity relating to the dehydrogenase isoenzyme fraction 2 in comparison to the creatine kinase MB band is a major disadvantage, as is its relatively poor in vitro stability. We conclude that measurement of this dehydrogenase does not allow a substantially earlier diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Creatine kinase isoenzyme MB in myocardial infarction: methods compared.
Several methods are available for specifically identifying and assessing the activity of MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase in serum. We compared two electrophoretic techniques with three column-chromatographic ones for efficacy in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. No technique was considered absolute, but we found surprisingly large errors of diagnosis in the column-chromatographic techniques, attributable to incomplete elution.
Effect of training on plasma catecholamines in post myocardial infarction patients.
Exercise induced plasma catecholamine levels, of post myocardial infarct patients, were compared before and after a 27 week training program in two groups. Heavy Intensity Exercise (H.I.E.) and Light Intensity Exercise (L.I.E.). The men (age 38-54 years) were exercised on a bicycle ergometer at constant submaximal work loads (test load) and to a symptom limited maximum work load, both before and after the training program. Forearm venous samples were obtained after 30 minutes rest and within 3 minutes of completion of the test load. After training a significant increase in both maximum work load and heart rate (P less than 0.05) was observed in the H.I.E. group. At the test load these individuals had a small (6%) decrease in heart rate. No significant changes were observed in the L.I.E. group at submaximum or maximum exercise. Prior to training, exercise resulted in a significant increase in norepinephrine (NE) with no change in epinephrine (E). Training resulted in a significant reduction (P less than 0.05) in the NE response at the test load of the H.I.E. group while no change was found in the L.I.E. group. Endurance jogging reduced the sympathetic response to moderate exercise.
Use of plasma catecholamine values in diagnosing pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma.
The diagnosis in two cases of neural crest tumours was confirmed by the measurement of concentration of plasma catecholamines. A histamine provocative test monitored by values of plasma catecholamines provided support for a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in a patient with normal blood pressure and elevated values of urinary amines. In the second case the presence of a ganglioneuroblastoma secreting abnormal amounts of catecholamines was detected by plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine measurements when values of urinary free catecholamines were normal.
A clinical study of serum magnesium concentrations during anaesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass.
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-Glutamyl transpeptidase: elevated activities in certain neurologic diseases.
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Plasma catecholamines in patients with serious postoperative infection.
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The role of bradykinin in canine gram-negative bacteremia.
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