Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Green

Publications and source records attributed to J Green.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

72-bp element contains a critical control region for SV40 late expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes.

The SV40 late promoter is transcribed at least 10-fold more efficiently than the SV40 early promoter when SV40 DNA is injected into the germinal vesicle of Xenopus laevis oocytes. Late expression in the oocyte is independent of T antigen and does not require DNA replication. To identify DNA sequences required for SV40 late gene expression, 12 mutants spanning nucleotide position (np) 5187 to np 304 were injected into the germinal vesicles of X. laevis oocytes, and RNA was extracted 18 to 24 hr later. S1 nuclease analysis of the 5' ends of SV40 late mRNA revealed that mutations in the origin of replication had no quantitative or qualitative effect on the 5' late start sites. Mutants which deleted the 21-bp repeats did not reduce or alter use of the major RNA initiation site (np 295), but did reduce use of a minor initiation site within the 72-bp repeats. In contrast, deletion of or certain point mutations in the 72-bp repeat decreased initiation from the major late start site. An 85-bp insertion containing a complete set of the 21-bp repeats positioned to the late side of the enhancer elements also decreased initiation from the major late start site. Thus, an element in the 72-bp repeat appears to be the major promoter element for late SV40 transcription in the oocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Fetal echocardiographic screening for congenital heart disease: the importance of the four-chamber view.

The four-chamber view of the heart has been proposed as a screening method for obstetrical sonographers to assess the fetus for the presence of congenital heart disease. We examined the fetuses in 1022 pregnancies and found 74 structurally abnormal hearts. Seventy-one of these (96%) were found to have an abnormality as seen in the four-chamber view. The four-chamber view of the heart had 92% sensitivity and 99.7% specificity in the detection of congenital heart disease. The positive predictive value was 95.8%, and the negative predictive value was 99.4%. We conclude that the four-chamber view may be a useful screen for the presence of congenital heart disease and should be included as a part of all routine obstetric ultrasound examinations.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of Lyme disease.

We compared phenoxymethyl penicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline, in each instance 250 mg four times a day for 10 days, for the treatment of early Lyme disease (stage 1). None of 39 patients given tetracycline developed major late complications compared with 3 of 40 penicillin-treated patients and 4 of 29 given erythromycin (p = 0.07). However, with all three antibiotic agents, nearly half of patients had minor late symptoms. For neurologic abnormalities (stage 2), 12 patients were treated with high-dose intravenous penicillin, 20 million U a day for 10 days. Pain usually subsided during therapy, but a mean of 7 to 8 weeks was required for complete recovery of motor deficits. For the treatment of established arthritis (stage 3), 20 patients were assigned treatment with intramuscular benzathine penicillin (7.2 million U) and 20 patients received saline. Seven of the 20 penicillin-treated patients (35%) were apparently cured, but all 20 patients given placebo continued to have attacks of arthritis (P less than 0.02). Of 20 arthritis patients treated with intravenous penicillin G, 20 million U a day for 10 days, 11 (55%) were apparently cured. Thus, all 3 stages of Lyme disease can be treated with antibiotic therapy, but some patients with late disease may not respond.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Neurothermography.

Neurothermography is a new, clinically useful method of detecting autonomic sympathetic peripheral nerve dysfunction. Body symmetry of the skin temperature as maintained by symmetrically functional peripheral nerves is the key to detecting a normal state. Persistent 1 degree C temperature asymmetry in the pattern of a peripheral nerve (thermatome) is a highly reliable method of detecting autonomic peripheral nerve disorder.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Malignant thymoma associated with progressive systemic sclerosis.

A 65-year-old man manifested certain features of scleroderma several years before discovery of malignant thymoma. Following tumor resection, the signs and symptoms of scleroderma did not improve, and the patient experienced the abrupt onset of renal failure with malignant hypertension 7 months after the operation. The scleroderma renal crisis caused terminal renal failure, which was treated by chronic hemodialysis. This is the second reported case of thymoma associated with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). The authors suggest that thymoma and various immunologic disorders have a common etiologic factor which has not yet been found. This case emphasizes that thymectomy frequently has little effect on the course of the immunologic disease. The implications of the association of thymoma and PSS are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Linkage disequilibrium involving three loci.

A formula for the estimation of "three-locus interaction delta" given by Nijenhuis & D'Amaro (1985) is considered and found to be unsatisfactory. An alternative symmetrical formula is given. Other features of the analysis of Nijenhuis & D'Amaro are criticized and it is emphasized that a more suitable method of analysis of interactions of different orders is given by the use of the empirical logistic method (Green et al. 1983).

Genetic Linkage↗
PubMed1987

Ethical issues in child and adolescent psychiatry.

This paper concerns the special ethical problems in child and adolescent psychiatry which relate to the child as a developing being. Two themes are discussed--the sense of responsibility in the child, and the therapist's responsibility towards the child. As a background to understanding the former, ideas on moral and cognitive development are reviewed. The therapist's responsibility is discussed in relation to different styles of therapy and the ethical issues they raise. The article concludes with a number of suggested ethical principles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Thickness of the gallbladder wall in patients with hypoalbuminemia: a sonographic study of patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Thickening of the gallbladder wall in patients with ascites has been attributed not to the presence of ascites but to the associated hypoalbuminemia. The contribution of hypoalbuminemia was examined by sonographically measuring the thickness of the gallbladder wall in 12 patients with chronic renal failure who were on peritoneal dialysis. All patients had hypoalbuminemia, with serum albumin levels of 2.2-3.3 g/dl (normal range, 3.5-5.0 g/dl). In all patients, the thickness of the gallbladder wall was within the normal range of less than 3 mm. In the patients studied, hypoalbuminemia was not a cause of thickening of the gallbladder wall even when peritoneal fluid was present.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Bile acid concentrations in serum, bile, jejunal contents, and excreta of male broiler chicks during the first six weeks posthatch.

Bile acid concentrations in serum, bile, jejunal contents, and excreta of male broiler chicks during the first six weeks posthatch were determined. Bile acid concentrations in serum, jejunum, and excreta declined significantly (P less than .05) during the 1st week after hatch. Serum and jejunal concentrations then rose through week 3, declined during Weeks 4 and 5, and by 6 weeks of age had returned to levels comparable to those seen at Week 3. After the 1st week, no further significant changes were seen in bile acid concentrations in excreta. Concentrations of bile acids in bile were significantly higher at Weeks 1, 3, 5, and 6 than at Weeks 2 and 4. Predictive polynomial equations were calculated for use in modeling applications. This study shows that concentration of bile acids in various body compartments varies significantly during the first 6 weeks posthatch.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Determination of bile acid pool size, turnover time, and distribution of male broiler chicks during the first 6 weeks posthatch using SEHCAT, a gamma ray-emitting bile acid analogue.

A bile acid analogue, SEHCAT (tauro-23-75SE-selena-homocholic acid), was used to determine bile acid pool size, turnover time, and distribution in the developing broiler chick. Bile acid pool size was significantly affected by age and followed a quintic trend (a fifth degree polynomial). It remained steady until 30 days of age when it decreased significantly and then rose significantly at 37 days of age. The bile acid pool half-life remained constant until 28 days of age when it increased significantly and then held steady until it increased again at 8 wk of age following a quartic trend. The distribution of bile acids was affected by age with the amount in the gizzard, duodenum, cloaca, liver, and gall bladder varying significantly with age. Jejunal, ileal, and cecal bile acids did not vary significantly with age. Liver bile acid levels followed a quintic trend, rising until 23 days of age and dropping sharply at 30 days of age and holding steady.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Prevalence of antibody to poliovirus in England and Wales 1984-6.

Serum from 995 subjects aged 6 months to 99 years was screened at a dilution of 1/8 for neutralising antibodies to poliovirus. Of these samples, 975 (98%) contained antibody to at least one serotype, and 763 (77%) contained antibody to all three, an improvement since previous studies. Children aged 8 to 15, however, had a low prevalence of antibody to poliovirus type 3, with only four (40%) of those aged 12 protected. This finding is possibly due to the waning of antibodies induced by the type 3 component of oral poliovirus vaccine and emphasises the continued importance of a booster dose of vaccine for those leaving school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Organically preserved microbial endoliths from the late Proterozoic of East Greenland.

Diverse microorganisms ranging from cyanobacteria to eukaryotic algae and fungi live endolithically within ooids, hardgrounds and invertebrate shells on the present-day sea floor. These organisms are involved in the mechanical destruction of carbonates, and are useful ecological indicators of water depth and pollution. The Phanerozoic history of microbial endoliths has been elucidated through the study of microborings (the trace fossils of endolithic microorganisms) and rare cellularly preserved individuals, but nothing was known of the possible Precambrian evolution of comparable microorganisms until Campbell documented the occurrence of microborings in late Proterozoic ooids from central East Greenland. We now report the discovery of large populations of organically preserved endolithic microorganisms in silicified pisolites from 700-800-Myr-old Limestone-Dolomite Series of East Greenland. This fossil assemblage is significant for three reasons: (1) It confirms the prediction that oolites, pisolites and hardgrounds--the substrates for pre-Phanerozoic endoliths--provide a hitherto poorly explored but rewarding set of environments into which the search for early microfossils must be broadened; (2) the assemblage is diverse, containing about 12 taxa of morphologically distinct and previously unknown endolithic cyanobacteria, plus associated epilithic and interstitial populations; and (3) at least six of the fossil populations are indistinguishable in morphology, pattern of development, reproductive biology and inferred ecology from distinctive cyanobacterial species that bore ooids today in the Bahama Banks.

Carbonates↗