Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Goldberg.
A combination of chemotherapy (Cytoxan, vincristine, and CCNU) and radiation therapy was used to treat 37 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung. There was 49% complete remission and an overall 76% objective response with an overall median survival of 12.5 months and 17 months for those showing a complete response. No serious morbidity was observed.
A histiocytic lymphoma with a terminal leukemic phase occurred in a 50-year-old man. Immunologic studies indicated that neoplastic cells from the peripheral blood sample, bone marrow aspirate, and lymph node carried surface immunoglobulin. Cytochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of this histiocytic lymphoma and its subsequent leukemic phase displayed a profile consistent with a lymphocytic rather than a histiocytic origin of the neoplastic cell.
Megakaryocytopoiesis in the spleens of lethally irradiated mice transplanted with marrow cells was suppressed by platelet transfusions. In one group of experiments, animals were irradiated and transfused with bone marrow cells on day O. They were then given either no treatment, platelets, platelet-poor plasma, or saline on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, and then were sacrificed on day 10. Megakaryocytes per section in the spleens of mice receiving platelets were 24%-48% of the values in the groups given plasma, saline, or bone marrow only. The number of pure megakaryocyte colonies was also diminished by platelet hypertransfusion. Another experiment examined the effect of platelets or plasma administered on days 1 and 2 or days 6 and 7 after irradiation and bone marrow transfusion. Hypertransfusion on days 6 and 7 was as effective in suppressing megakaryocytopoiesis as hypertransfusion every other day for 10 days. Animals given platelets or plasma only on days 1 and 2 did not have any significant change in their megakaryocyte number. These results implied that committed megakaryocyte precursors were more sensitive to inhibition by increased platelet levels than pluripotential stem cells. Further experiments with plethoric animals indicated that different levels of erythropoietin did not account for the effects of platelet hypertransfusion. The findings could be explained by inhibition of cell proliferation or of differentiation of megakaryocyte precursors by increased platelet levels.
The number of juvenile smokers in the age-group of 12-16 years is increasing. Sequels of nicotine abuse--as bronchial carcinoma, chronic bronchitis and cardiovascular diseases-are more frequent in persons who begin smoking in the younger age-group. It is our obligation to influence youth in such a way that young people do not begin to smoke at all, or as less as possible. For that reason in 1974 the Chest Clinic of Schwedt began with taking intensive influence to school children for stopping smoking or not beginning smoking. Smoking habits in the youth cannot be changed only by engagement and the possibilities of the physicians. One antismoking campaign confined in time will not result in lasting success. A deep change in the smoking habits of the youth can be achieved only by a continuous, systematic and substantial cooperation between the medical staff, the educational system and the parents. We are reporting about our approach and the experiences collected in this aimed work.
Brief pulses of Laser emitted radiant heat were used to induce cutaneous painful sensations in human volunteers. Accurate timing of the stimuli permitted recording of scalp averaged evoked potentials. A late negative-positive component of the EP which correlated in amplitude with the subjective sensation was observed in four subjects. The latency of this component (130-160 msec) correlated with stimulus intensity.
A case of adrenal insufficiency occurring after unilateral radical nephrectomy is presented. Recommendations for identification and treatment of this condition are discussed.
The technique has exciting potential for elderly hemiplegic patients, even those who are confined to a nursing home. There are limiting factors, of course; the method is time-consuming and the initial outlay for equipment is high. But the rewards can be well worth the time, effort, and cost involved. The recovery potential of some geriatric patients after a cerebrovascular accident may seem bleak because of multiple disabilities, e.g., paralysis, delayed reflexes, aphasia. Fortunately, these disorders do not necessarily decree failure of biofeedback training. Neither does advanced age. The strongest component in success is motivation. A case in point is the 82 year old woman described here who had been hemiparetic for seven years. With biofeedback training, she gained--and maintained--muscle strength.
Lymph nodes were obtained from 28 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 24 patients without hematologic malignancy. Cases of undifferentiated lymphoma, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, diffuse and nodular mixed histiocytic-lymphocytic lymphoma, nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, and diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma were analyzed. Touch preparations were stained for nonspecific esterases, peroxidase, Sudan black B activity and with periodic acid-Schiff and Wright-Giemsa reagents. Mononuclear cell suspension from lymph nodes and, in some cases, peripheral blood were tested for spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes and for the presence of surface immunoglobulin. The remainder of the lymph node was examined after staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Analysis of the lymphocyte surface markers indicated that 15 cases of various histologic types of lymphoma were B cell proliferations. However, three out of four cases of diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma and one of seven cases of diffuse histiocytic lymphoma appeared to represent T cell neoplasia. Lymph nodes from four cases of lymphoma representing diverse histologic types were replaced by neoplastic cells devoid of discernible cell markers. In five cases, the distribution of cell surface markers in the malignant lymph node failed to differ from data obtained in the analysis of non-neoplastic lymph nodes. The study indicates that the histopathologic entities recognized in the currently employed classification of lymphoreticular malignancies are heterogeneous. Alterations in the distribution of cell surface markers in the peripheral blood from five of 12 patients indicated involvement prior to demonstrable morphologic evidence of peripheral blood involvement in four patients and bone marrow infiltration in two patients.
Termites, when they are in groups, are able to learn a maze between their nest and the food. Workers lay an odorous trail on the most direct way. The gallery will be built on this train. Kinesthetic information also seem implicated.
A number of studies have lent support to the sex-linked major gene theory of spatial ability. Expectations arising from this theory (although not necessarily unique to it) are that spatial ability can be measured in children, that it is the same as spatial ability in adults, and that an individual's position in a distribution of spatial ability remains unchanged over time. Results of a longitudinal experiment utilizing test scores of 76 high school students and their earliertest scores provide confirmatory evidence for these expectations.
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In open-chest dogs anesthized with sodium pentobarbital, acetylcholine (ACh, 5 times 10'-5M) infused into the left circumflex coronary artery caused an increase in coronary flow and a decrease in myocardial O'2 extraction ratio (P less than .01) anduptake (P less than .05). Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were not altered,although left ventricular dP/dt declined from 2,037 plus or minus 205 to 1,873 plus or minus 194 mmHg/s (P less than .02). Intracoronary administration of norepinephrine (NE, 2.4 times 10'-6M) caused an increase in myocardial O'2 uptake (P less than .02); simultaneous infusion of both NE and ACh caused a decline in O'2 extraction ratio (P less than .01) and uptake (P less than 0.5). Myocardial adenylatecyclase activity in response to ACh was not altered significantly from a control levelof 188 plus or minus 22 pmol of '14C-labeled cyclic AMP/mg protein per 10 min. Norepinephrine alone elevated adenylate cyclase activity to 401 plus or minus 45 pmol ['14C]cyclic AMP/mg protein per 10 min (P less than .01). However, with simultaneous infusion of both NE and ACh, adenylate cyclase returned to control levels. Although ACh alone did not alter myocardial hormone-sensitive lipaseactivity, NE elevated lipolytic activity from 8.1 plus or minus .7 to 13.2 plus or minus 1.8 mueq free fatty acid (FTA)/g per 30 min (P less than .05). The administration of both ACh and NE returned lipase activity to nearly control levels. Myocardial uptake of FFA increased significantly during ACh infusion alone (P less than 0.5) and during NE infusion alone (P less than 905). However, when NE and AChwere administered together, a decline in FFA uptake was observed (P less than .02). These data indicate that the effects of ACh on cardiac metabolism are minimal, withthe decline in myocardial O'2 uptake of ACh primarily reflecting the decrease in contractility. On the other hand, antagonism of ACh on NE-stimulated myocardial lipid metabolism appears to involve activity of the adenylate cyclase system.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.