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Biomedical subjects

J Goffin

Publications and source records attributed to J Goffin.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Localized 1H NMR spectroscopy in fifty cases of newly diagnosed intracranial tumors.

Fifty patients with newly diagnosed, untreated intracranial tumors were examined with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance single-volume spectroscopy (MRS) using a 1.5 T whole-body MR system. Prior to the MRS, contrast enhanced MR and/or CT imaging studies were carried out. Histological verification was obtained in all patients except one. All tumor spectra revealed distinct abnormalities as compared with the normal brain spectra. Although most meningiomas showed a rather characteristic spectral pattern, generally features specific for the various tumor types were not observed. For instance, though a strong lactic acid signal was seen in most malignant tumors, this signal was also evident in five benign neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Choking, sore throat with referred otalgia and dysphagia in a patient with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).

A patient with a progressively increasing immobilisation of the cervical spine, severe impaired swallowing (choking), sore throat with referred right-sided otalgia, mild voice disorder and dysphagia due to extrinsic bone compression of the posterior hypopharyngeal wall and oesophagus is presented. Radiographic investigation demonstrated the underlying condition to be a diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis with prominent and bumpy alteration of the anterior longitudinal ligament impinging the hypopharynx. Via an anterolateral approach towards the cervical spine the anterior irregular part of the ossification was removed and the surface of the spine flattened. The postoperative evolution was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prominent dural enhancement adjacent to nonmeningiomatous malignant lesions on contrast-enhanced MR images.

Prominent dural enhancement was noted in 10 (16%) of 61 superficial malignant intracranial tumors studied with contrast-enhanced MR imaging during a 2-year period. Included were six glioblastomas, three parenchymal metastases, and one case of dural metastasis. Seven patients had surgery. In four, there was extensive leptomeningeal invasion in the center of the lesion. In two of these lesions there was firm attachment of the center of the tumor to the dura, but without dural invasion despite extensive external carotid artery supply to the tumor in one case. In two cases the overlying dura was normal, and there was no leptomeningeal tumoral invasion. In the case of dural metastasis, huge nodular lesions were present along the inner aspect of the dura. In none of the cases did prominent dural enhancement adjacent to the tumor correspond with tumoral invasion or extension to the dura. Prominent dural enhancement on contrast-enhanced MR images appears to be much less frequent in malignant tumor than in meningioma, where it is seen in up to 60% of the cases. We believe this finding is more likely to represent reactive changes of the dura than tumoral invasion.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteosynthesis of the dens axis fracture].

Fractures of the dens axis are very rare and their treatment has always been conservative. But in many fractures, principally in those of the fracture type II, a pseudarthrosis develops. The instability, which results from this pseudarthrosis is a dangerous situation, that can be responsible for late neurological complications such as quadriplegia or sudden death, even years after the primary accident. A series of 5 patients with a fracture of the dens axis, which are stabilized by a direct screw osteosynthesis, is presented. The operation technique is discussed in detail. The results of the technique are compared with other series in the recent literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracranial meningiomas: correlation between MR imaging and histology in fifty patients.

The magnetic resonance (MR) findings in 50 surgically verified intracranial meningiomas were reviewed. An attempt was made to correlate their signal intensity on spin echo (SE) T1-weighted, proton density [N(H)], and T2-weighted images with the different histologic subtypes. The T1-weighted images were nonspecific in differentiating the subtypes of meningiomas. On proton density and T2-weighted images, more information was available, but there remained large group (46%) of meningiomas that were not classifiable. The average signal intensity scores on T1-weighted, proton density, and T2-weighted images in the different histologic subtypes were correlated with each other using the Student t test. Only one significant correlation (psammomatous-anaplastic) and three almost significant correlations (syncytial-transitional or psammomatous and transitional-psammomatous) were found. Different histologic subtypes may have a different MR appearance, but this does not suffice to reach a histologic diagnosis by MR imaging.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MR in infants with pericerebral collections and macrocephaly: benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces versus subdural collections.

PURPOSE: To compare CT and MR in the differentiation of benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces and subdural collections in infants with macrocephaly. METHODS: MR was performed in 19 infants with macrocephaly, showing bifrontal enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces on CT. RESULTS: In 11 patients, a single fluid layer could be distinguished on MR of the pericerebral collections, suggesting benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces. In eight patients, two separate layers were clearly differentiated, an outer layer that was hyperintense on all sequences and an inner layer with the same intensity as the cerebrospinal fluid. This indicated the presence of subdural collections. These collections were mainly frontal in six and extended over the entire hemisphere in two patients. On CT, these separate lesions were seen only in three patients and missed in three others. In two final patients, CT findings were equivocal with evidence of membrane formation within the hypodense collections. In seven patients with a subdural collection, subdural-external drainage was performed. In three patients, the collection was hemorrhagic. The protein content of the fluid showed a mean of 1381.7 +/- 785.6 mg/dL. The MR and surgical findings of a subdural collection correlated with the absence of a family history of macrocrania, an age under 5 months, and acute clinical signs of vomiting, somnolence, and hypotonia. CONCLUSION: MR appears essential in the differential diagnosis between benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces and subdural collections in infants.

Brain Diseases↗