Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Godoy

Publications and source records attributed to J Godoy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Self-regulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia.

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)--the peak-to-peak variations in heart rate caused by respiration--can be used as a noninvasive measure of parasympathetic cardiac control. In the present study four strategies to increase RSA amplitude are investigated: (1) biofeedback of RSA amplitude, (2) biofeedback of RSA amplitude plus respiratory instructions, (3) respiratory biofeedback, and (4) respiratory instructions only. All four procedures produce a significant increase of RSA amplitude from the first physiological control trial compared to baseline. This increase is faster for the groups that received respiratory biofeedback and respiratory instructions only than for the two groups that received biofeedback of RSA amplitude, the increases being equivalent for the four groups in the third session. All subjects of the group that received biofeedback of RSA amplitude only reported respiratory strategies in order to achieve the increase in RSA. Possible clinical implications of these results for parasympathetic cardiac control and cardiovascular disorders are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Delayed cyanide induced dystonia.

A 16 year old man ingested 1 g potassium cyanide in 1969. A few days after an apparently full recovery he developed a severe dystonia syndrome. He had a positive response to an apomorphine test and showed improvement with levodopa treatment. A 21 year follow up showed minimal neurological sequelae; CT showed bilateral putaminal lucencies. Visual and brain stem auditory evoked potentials were normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Foramen ovale electrodes in the study of temporal lobe epilepsy].

Corticograms of the mesial structures of the temporal lobe may be obtained with the recently developed foramen ovale electrodes. Since their installation is easy and of low risk, they will probably displace other invasive techniques routinely used up to the moment for the localization and lateralization of epileptic foci originated in the temporal lobe. For the first time in our country, we have used this technique in 7 patients with medically intractable complex partial epilepsy. In all the patients, the study allowed to clear doubts about the laterality of the start of ictal activity and to define irritative foci not found with conventional continuous superficial electroencephalographic recordings. The procedure was uneventful and the implanted electrodes were optimally tolerated. Foramen ovale electrodes are an effective diagnostic method for temporal lobe epilepsies and their features are specially appropriate for our milieu.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Basal temporal language area.

Language interference was elicited by electrical stimulation of the dominant basal temporal region in 8 out of 22 cases and in none of 7 cases with subdural electrodes implanted over the nondominant temporal lobe. Language interference was elicited by stimulation of electrodes placed over the fusiform gyrus 3-7 cm from the tip of the temporal lobe. Electrical stimulation of the basal temporal language area produced a global receptive and expressive aphasia with speech arrest at high stimulus intensities. Other higher cortical function, for example copying complex designs or memory of nonverbal information was intact, in spite of the total inability to process verbal information. At lower stimulus intensities partial aphasias with a predominant receptive component occurred. Surgical resection of the basal temporal language area produces no lasting language deficit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Ambulatory ergometric and pressurometric results with a daily dose of 240 mg of diltiazem in labile hypertensive patients with threshold ergometry].

The pharmacological treatment of hypertension raises not only the dilemma of the election of the most suitable drugs given to each patient, but also that of an effective control of the antihypertensive effect as well as undesirable reactions, including an accentuated hypotension. Continuous ambulatory monitoring (CAM) is an effective form of diagnosis and therapeutic control of hypertension. In order to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of a new concentration of diltiazem (240 mg) in tablets of sustained release, for a single daily intake, a double blind, randomized, crossed study with placebo, was performed in 20 patients with mild to moderate hypertension and a positive ergometric test. Clinical, electrocardiographic, ergometric and CAM controls were carried out. A significant difference was observed for diltiazem monodosis 240 mg in relation to placebo with respect to the reduction of systolic and diastolic pressures, not only in clinical controls but also during the CAM, in both diurnal and nocturnal periods during 24 hours. In ergometric studies, a significant difference was also noted in the following parameters: total time of exercise, burden in kilos, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the underlevel of ST. It is concluded that diltiazem monodosis, 240 mg, led to a sustained antihypertensive action throughout the 24 hours, with good clinical tolerance, improving ergometry and CAM. We suggest that diltiazem is a first choice drug for there patients in whom the exclusive treatment of hypertension has not prevented, up to now, the occurrence of ischemic cardiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Association of oral contraceptive use and human papillomaviruses in invasive cervical cancers.

In a study of 197 cases of histologically confirmed invasive cervical cancer, 61% of biopsies were positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by Southern or dot-blot hybridization. An association between detection of HPV DNA and oral contraceptive use was observed when HPV-positive and -negative cases were compared. Women reporting recent or long-term (greater than 4 yrs) oral contraceptive use were at 2.3 and 2.9-fold increased risks of HPV positivity, respectively. An increased risk of HPV positivity was also associated with formal education and with urban residence, while long-term smoking was negatively associated with HPV detection. A non-significant trend of increasing risk of HPV positivity with increasing number of sexual partners of the women and of the male partners of monogamous women was observed. Detection of HPV DNA was not associated with other cervical cancer risk factors examined, including age at first coitus, number of pregnancies, and Pap smear screening history. Our findings suggest either an interaction between HPV infection and oral contraceptive use in the genesis of cervical cancer or an increased expression of HPV genome in neoplasms of oral contraceptive users. These observations also support a multifactorial model of cervical cancer causation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Versive eye movements elicited by cortical stimulation of the human brain.

We studied the eye movements (EM) elicited by electrical stimulation of the frontal lobe in 19 awake patients evaluated with subdural electrodes for epilepsy surgery. All patients had only contralateral conjugated EM. They were saccadic in 16 patients (84%). Head version, always following the eye deviation, occurred in 11 patients (58%). We also determined the eye field somatotopic distribution analyzing the responses obtained from the electrodes adjacent to the eye fields. All patients had motor cortex contiguous to the eye fields. In 17 patients (90%) the eye fields were located in front or at the level of the motor representation. There was no silent cortex between the motor strip and the eye fields.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Regional distribution of human papillomavirus DNA and other risk factors for invasive cervical cancer in Panama.

A population-based national cancer registry has documented strikingly different regional incidence rates of cervical cancer in the Republic of Panama. Such regional differences in disease rates could represent regional differences in the occurrence of risk factors, in particular, human genital papillomaviruses (HPV). This study enrolled newly diagnosed invasive cancer patients in the Republic of Panama over an 18-mo period. Behavioral risk factors were measured by interviewing cases and matched controls. In addition, DNA extracted from biopsies of the cancers was tested for HPV sequences. Early age at first coitus, multiple pregnancies, and nonparticipation in Pap smear screening programs were significant risk factors for cervical cancer in this population. These factors and low levels of education occurred more frequently among women residing in regions with higher cancer rates than women residing in the region with lower cancer rates. HPV DNA was detected most frequently (70%) among cases from the region with the lowest cancer rate (30 of 100,000) and least frequent (54%) among cases where the cancer rate was the highest (51 of 100,000). The observations suggest that risk factors other than HPV contribute to the differences in cervical cancer rates among women residing in various regions of Panama.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Dystonic posturing in complex partial seizures of temporal lobe onset: a new lateralizing sign.

We observed unilateral dystonic posturing of an arm or leg in 41 complex partial seizures (CPS) from 18 patients. In all cases this was contralateral to the ictal discharge. Unilateral automatisms occurred in 39 of 41 seizures on the side opposite the dystonic limb. Version occurred in 11 of the 41 CPS to the same side as the dystonic posturing and always followed the posturing. Subdural recordings of seven seizures showed ictal onset from the mesial basal temporal lobe. At the onset of dystonic posturing, maximum ictal activity was in the basal temporal lobe with minimal involvement of the cerebral convexity. Unilateral dystonic posturing occurs frequently in CPS of temporal lobe onset and is a lateralizing sign with a high degree of specificity. It probably reflects spread of the ictal discharge to basal ganglia structures.

Dystonia↗
PubMed1988

Localization of cortical function: new information from extraoperative monitoring of patients with epilepsy.

Intraoperative cortical stimulation for evaluation of cortical function has been used extensively to define the extent of cortical excisions for surgical treatment of epilepsy. With chronic implantation of subdural electrodes, extraoperative cortical stimulation becomes possible, and these favorable testing conditions permit more precise mapping of the cortex. This assists the surgeon in planning details of the surgical removal and also provides additional data about the function of the human cortex. Four aspects in which detailed extraoperative studies have provided information complementing the pioneer studies of Foerster, Penfield, and others will be discussed here: (1) Frontal eye field: In the human, this is always an integral part of the motor strip (most probably located in Brodman's area 4 and/or 6) and elicits only conjugate eye movements to the contralateral side with a variable upward component. (2) Negative motor area: Stimulation of the inferior frontal gyrus immediately in front of the face area and of the supplementary motor area of the dominant and nondominant hemisphere produces "inhibition" of voluntary fine movements. (3) The movement related potentials (bereitschaftpotential, negative slope, and motor potential) are strictly localized to the portion of the sensorimotor strip where the movement is represented. Lower amplitude bereitschaftpotentials can also be detected in the homotopic ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex and in the supplementary motor cortex. (4) Three language areas can be distinguished by electrical stimulation: Broca's, Wernicke's, and the basal temporal language area. Electrical stimulation in all these areas produces a similar deficit, but Broca's area tends to overlap with the inferior frontal negative motor area. This may explain the predominant motor deficit of Broca's aphasia.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1986

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the larynx.

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas of the upper respiratory tract are rare, aggressive, mesenchymal neoplasms. There have been sporadic cases reported in the English language literature. This paper reports the case of a subglottic malignant fibrous histiocytoma in a 26-year-old female. A review of the important clinical-pathological features of this type of tumor is presented. The treatment of choice appears to be wide surgical resection of the tumor. Although the published experience is small, it appears that tumors of the subglottic space are characterized by a younger patient population and a better prognosis than those of the larynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Herpes simplex virus type 2 and human papillomavirus type 16 in cervicitis, dysplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma.

Sera and biopsies of cervical lesions from 55 women with benign or malignant disease were analyzed for evidence of infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) or human papillomavirus (HPV). In addition, information regarding known risk factors for cervical cancer was obtained by interview. The sera were tested for HSV-2 antibodies and the biopsies were tested for HPV or HSV DNA sequences by Southern blot hybridization. HSV-2 sequences were detected in 2/13 (15%) invasive neoplasms and in 1/12 (7%) benign lesions. Under non-stringent conditions of hybridization, reactions with HPV DNA were detected in biopsies of 2/17 (12%) inflammatory lesions, 6/12 (50%) intraepithelial neoplasms and 13/20 (65%) invasive neoplasms. All but one of the positive biopsies of invasive cancer, but only 4/11 biopsies of non-invasive lesions, contained HPV-16 DNA as determined by stringent hybridization conditions. Women with cervical cancer possessed the risk factors associated with the disease. Cigarette smoking and the presence of HPV-16 DNA were the most prominent risk factors. No evidence of an interaction between HSV-2 and HPV-16 was found among the cases of invasive cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Malar fractures associated with exophthalmos.

Although fracture of the malar bone is often associated with enlargement of the orbit and subsequent development of enophthalmos, occasionally, a blowin type of orbital floor fracture and exophthalmos occurs. The causes of the injury and the differential diagnosis of the blowin fracture are reviewed. An explanation is offered for the development of the symptoms. Early recognition, open reduction and fixation of the malar bone, and repair of the floor of the orbit defect are important for successful management of the injury.

Adolescent↗