Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Glassroth

Publications and source records attributed to J Glassroth.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pulmonary dysfunction in 'freebase' cocaine users.

Of 19 consecutive smokers of cocaine, "freebase" cocaine users, admitted to a chemical dependence program, 12 (63%) had respiratory symptoms and ten (58%) noted dyspnea. Abnormalities of carbon monoxide diffusing capacity were also seen in ten of the subjects, although responses to steady-state exercise testing were normal in subjects undergoing exercise. We believe that freebase cocaine use frequently produces pulmonary gas exchange abnormalities that appear after relatively brief periods of abuse. These abnormalities may persist after cessation of freebase cocaine use. A history of this form of drug abuse should be sought when evaluating patients with appropriate symptoms or abnormalities of diffusing capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous pneumothorax in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

A new roentgenographic finding of spontaneous pneumothorax occurred in a patient with well-advanced (stage V) allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The pneumothorax responded to chest tube evacuation. Patients with well-advanced ABPA and severe chest pain should be carefully examined and treated for pneumothorax, to maintain as much functioning lung as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Endobronchial polyposis following smoke inhalation.

A 50-year-old fireman was found to have multiple endobronchial polyps when investigated for hemoptysis two months after acute thermal inhalation injury. Biopsy was obtained and the histology demonstrated benign granulation tissue. The polyps spontaneously regressed, without specific treatment, six months after the accident. Tracheal bronchial polyposis appears to be another complication of heat and smoke inhalation.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Influence of asbestos fibers on collagen and prostaglandin production in fibroblast and macrophage co-cultures.

The interaction of fibroblasts, macrophages, and crocidolite asbestos fibers was studied in cell culture. We determined the effects of co-cultivation and asbestos fibers on collagen, total protein, and PG production. The co-cultivation of guinea pig alveolar macrophages and fetal lung fibroblasts resulted in a 155% increase in protein and a 31% increase in collagen production above fibroblast controls. The collagen was derived exclusively from the fibroblasts. Although total protein production was derived predominantly from the fibroblasts, the macrophages in co-culture also contributed to the protein levels. The addition of asbestos fibers to fibroblast cultures resulted in a decrease in collagen and total protein production. The addition of asbestos fibers to fibroblast and macrophage co-cultures prevented the enhancement of collagen production and limited the increase in protein production above fibroblast controls. PGE2, PGI2, and TXA2 were measured in macrophage and fibroblast cultures. Very low, almost undetectable PG production was observed under basal conditions by either cell type alone or in co-culture. Bradykinin induced release of these PGs in fibroblast but not macrophage cultures. This release was enhanced in co-cultures. Asbestos fibers, when added to the co-cultures caused a significant increase in the release of PGs, particularly PGE2. PGE2 is known to inhibit collagen and total protein production by fibroblasts. The increased release of PGs in asbestos-treated co-cultures may have contributed to the described asbestos suppression of collagen production

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of preventive interventions by persons infected with type-1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The Pulmonary Complications of HIV Study Group.

Measures aimed at preventing complications and slowing progression of type-1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) can potentially reduce morbidity. Although little is known about the use of such measures, such data are critical for program planning. This study was performed to quantify the frequency and patterns of use for such interventions. We enrolled 1,171 persons infected with HIV, but without an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining diagnosis, in a multicenter prospective study of the pulmonary complications of HIV infection. Participants were homosexual/bisexual men, injection drug users (IDUs), or female sexual contacts of HIV-infected men. Centers were university-based and geographically dispersed across the United States. Standardized questionnaires were administered on entry and at three-month or six-month intervals; we correlated use of general and HIV-related preventive measures before entry and during the first three years in study with clinical/epidemiologic characteristics. Overall use of preventive interventions was low; only one third of study entrants had used such measures. Use was greatest among those with advanced HIV infection, but only half used preventive measures on entry; IDUs were less likely than homosexuals to use these services. Although use of interventions such as anti-Pneumocystis and antiretroviral agents increased during study participation, general measures such as pneumococcal vaccine and tuberculosis prophylaxis were used by less than 30% of those eligible for use. Among IDUs, cumulative use of these measures remained below 20% during the first three years of this study. We conclude that HIV-infected persons underuse preventive interventions, particularly general measures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗