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Biomedical subjects

J Gillquist

Publications and source records attributed to J Gillquist.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: a prospective study.

In order to study the incidence and mechanisms of injury in soccer and to recommend prophylactic measures, 180 players in a senior male soccer division were followed prospectively for 1 yr. Attendance records for games and practice sessions were kept, and all injuries were examined and treated by the same orthopaedic surgeon. One hundred twenty-four players incurred 256 injuries, mostly sprains and strains of the lower extremities. Of these, 62% were considered minor with ankle sprains being the most common (17%), while 11% were considered major with knee ligament sprains being the most frequent (32%). Overuse injuries were most frequent in the preseason training period. Traumatic leg injuries involved players with inadequate or no shin guards. Of the traumatic knee injuries, 11 of 18 (61%) occurred during a collision; non-contact knee injuries were frequently seen in those players with a history of knee injury and existing instability. Study of injury sequence disclosed that a minor injury was often followed within two months by a major one. In addition, with severe injuries incurred during fouls, the individual causing the penalty was injured. This prospective study suggested that those with knee instability and those allowed to resume play with poorly rehabilitated or clinically unhealed injuries are more apt to sustain further injury. Some injuries can be avoided by using better equipment and by observance of the rules.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Suture of new and old peripheral meniscus tears.

A prospective study of repaired vertical peripheral tears of the meniscus in fifty patients (nine women and forty-one men) was carried out from January 1977 to June 1980. All tears were confirmed preoperatively by arthroscopy. Forty-three medial and seven lateral menisci were repaired. Fifteen tears were treated within two weeks and thirty-five were operated on as long as seven years after injury. Only eight patients had a meniscal tear that was not accompanied by injuries of either the anterior cruciate ligament or the collateral ligaments, or both. At a mean follow-up of eighteen months (range, six to thirty-nine months), forty-two patients (84 per cent) had clinically apparent healing of the sutured meniscal tear. Repeat arthroscopy was done in twenty-seven (64 per cent) of these patients, four to twenty-nine months (mean, twelve months) after the operation. The arthroscopy proved that all of these repaired tears had healed. Eight patients had a second tear after the initial repair: four were reruptures at the sutured area and four were new ruptures in another area of the meniscus and were associated with fresh trauma. All of these patients subsequently had an arthroscopic meniscectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Knee function and muscle strength following distal ileotibial band transfer for antero-lateral rotatory instability.

In a prospective study, 60 consecutive patients underwent a distal iliotibial band transfer for anterolateral knee instability. Knee function was evaluated with a score system, static stability tests and a standardized test including thigh muscle measurements, a one-leg-jump-test and a figure-of-8 running test. At the 40-month follow-up there was a significant increase in the mean knee score. The quadriceps in the treated leg was significantly weaker than in the non-operated leg, and the quadriceps strength was significantly correlated to the knee score. The functional outcome after operation was generally unsatisfactory. Few patients attained normal values in all tests, primarily because of poor restoration of stability.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Long-term follow-up study of a distal iliotibial band transfer (DIT) for anterolateral knee instability.

In a prospective study 60 consecutive patients underwent a distal iliotibial band transfer for anterolateral rotatory instability. A knee function score was obtained prior to operation and 17 and 40 months after operation. The maximum score possible was 100 points. Patients with scores greater than 77 were rated as good/excellent. The mean preoperative score was 59.3 points. At 17 months the score was 88.0, a significant improvement, and at 40 months it had dropped significantly, to 73.1. The decrease in score was due mainly to increasing symptoms of instability and pain. At the 17-month follow-up examination, 80% of the patients were stable, but at 40 months only 42% remained stable. The initial results were encouraging, but at 40 months the distal iliotibial band transfer did not function satisfactorily. The best results were obtained in patients in whom symptoms of instability were initially moderate.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Arthroscopic knee surgery].

Endoscopic knee operations have become increasingly accepted during the last years. Meniscectomy is the most important of the endoscopic operations. The technique, developed in Linköping/Sweden, makes it possible to perform partial, subtotal or total meniscectomy according to what is needed to treat the patient appropriately. The technique involves the use of a pump system to distend the joint with saline, a mechanical assistant, a special knife with retractable blades, a grasping and a basket forceps. This very simple and inexpensive equipment makes all kinds of endoscopic meniscus surgery possible. The results of endoscopic meniscectomy have been rewarding. The time for sick leave is very short and the operation can be done on out-patients. Athletes ae back to sport usually within 4 weeks. There have been no complications.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1982

Secretion rates of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and reverse triiodothyronine in man during surgery.

The secretion rates of T4, T3, and rT3 were studied in experiments of short duration by a new method based on determinations of the hormone difference across the thyroid combined with simultaneous electromagnetic thyroid blood flowmetry during surgery in 70 euthyroid patients. The secretion rate of T3 was similar in normal thyroid tissue and nodular goitre, but those of T4 and rT3 were lower in nodular goitre and solitary adenoma (P less than 0.05). In 61 patients with normal thyroid tissue or nodular goitre the secretion rates during surgery (mean +/- SEM) were for T4 222 +/- 28 nmol/day, for T3 27.4 +/- 3.1 nmol/day, and for rT3 3.5 +/- 0.5 nmol/day. In relation to the individual T4 secretion rate, the secretion rate of T3 was 12.5 +/- 3.0% and that of rT3 1.2 +/- 0.9%. In these short-term experiments we found a secretion rate for T4 during operation about 50% greater than in earlier long-term kinetic studies, but which tallied with a recent report using a 4-compartment model. For T3 and rT3 it was 2-3 times greater than earlier estimates. The secretion was estimated to be 50% of the total production rate for T3 and 6% for rT3. If proportional adjustment were performed to yield a T4 secretion of about 130 nmol/day. T3 and rT3 secretion rates would still be greater than earlier reported.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Long-term results after early treatment of knee injuries.

A total of 175 patients were reviewed 1 to 8 years (average 42 months) after treatment of knee ligament injury in the acute stage. Two-thirds were treated operatively because of total ligament tears and the remainder, with minor injuries, were treated non-operatively. In two-thirds of the patients with total substance tear of the anterior cruciate early repair was successful. Repair of the posterior cruciate was generally successful. Functional loss was correlated to the presence of a pivot shift sign and with abduction or adduction instability in extension. An important reason for a poor result was either medial meniscectomy or some component of the injury being missed in the primary diagnosis. Diagnosis based on arthroscopic and clinical findings was more reliable when selecting patients for operative or non-operative treatment than was diagnosis based on clinical examination alone. There was no difference in the results of non-operative treatment between patients immobilized in plaster and those treated with early mobilization without weight-bearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Endoscopic total one-piece medial meniscectomy: its effect on the medial collateral ligament.

Meniscus specimens from 10 patients subjected to endoscopic total medial meniscectomy were examined for remnants of the collateral ligament. Very small amounts were found in the postero-medial area of the specimens. None exceeded 2 mm in length or breadth and could be formed in only one of the sections. With our technique for endoscopic total meniscectomy the integrity of the medial collateral ligament is not violated and ligamentous instability can be avoided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Endoscopic partial and total meniscectomy. A comparative study with a short term follow up.

The results of partial endoscopic meniscectomy in 89 patients were compared with the results of total endoscopic meniscectomy in 78 patients. Total meniscectomy was the more time consuming and there were intraoperative technical problems in 16 patients, the most common being rupture of the meniscus during extraction. All complications were, however, successfully handled and did not affect the end result. There were nine reoperations after partial and only one after total meniscectomy. The patients were followed up on the average 16 months after operation with a special knee function questionnaire. There was no difference between the groups in score distribution, indicating similar knee function. However, patients in the total meniscectomy group with a follow up longer than 1 year had significantly higher scores than those with a shorter follow up. No such difference was noted in the partial group, possibly indicating that the final level of knee function is reached earlier after partial than after total meniscectomy.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1982

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Technique and long-term results.

The functional results in 125 patients treated by arthroscopic meniscectomy were reviewed two to four years after operation. Arthrotomy was necessary to complete the procedure in 15 cases and done at the same session. The other 110 cases were evaluated in a follow-up questionnaire study, which included a knee function rating system. The postoperative rehabilitation period was very short, with the majority of patients returning to work within two weeks. Most athletic patients returned to their preinjury level within four weeks. The best functional results were obtained in cases with an isolated meniscal lesion. The presence of osteoarthritis or chondromalacia had a negative effect on the results, although 50% of affected patients who were rated fair or poor stated that their knee function was improved after the procedure. Of the patients, 20% had associated instability of the knee primarily owing to cruciate insufficiency. These patients often noted no improvement after treatment of the meniscal lesion alone. Of these patients, 28% were eventually treated by open knee surgery to correct the instability. The results of arthroscopic meniscectomy are best in knees with isolated meniscal tears, but subjectively improved knee function can also be expected in some patients who have degenerative joint disease. In unstable knees, endoscopic meniscectomy is often not the treatment of choice, except in selected cases where a stabilizing operation is contraindicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Lower extremity goniometric measurements: a study to determine their reliability.

Two series of healthy men were measured for range of passive motion of hip flexion, hip extension, hip abduction, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion with the knee extended and flexed. Hip abduction was measured with a specially constructed double protractor goniometer, and the other movements were gauged with a flexometer. In series A measurements were based upon a commonly used clinical method. The intratester interassay coefficient of variation in series A was 7.5 +/- 2.9%, which corresponded well with other reports. In series B posture and measuring procedures were rigidly standardized by better fixation and by identification and marking of anatomical landmarks. The interassay coefficient of variation in series B was reduced to 1.9 +/- 0.7%. Range of motion measurement was repeated accurately by the same tester with methods requiring careful measurement technique but no elaborate equipment.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1981

The blind spots in arthroscopic approaches.

Fifty-six knees from preserved cadavers were examined in order to compare the blind spots in different approaches in the knee during arthroscopy . After dissection of the skin pins were placed to define the main ligamentous structures of the knee, and arthroscopic examination was then carried out using a 30 degree Storz telescope. The blind spots were defined for each approach. The central approach gives a wide visualisation of the posterior compartment and has a smaller blind area than other approaches.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1981

Endoscopic meniscectomy.

A series of 264 endoscopic meniscectomies has been analysed. In 8% the endoscopic operation failed, and arthrotomy was performed at the same session. During the latter part of the study, this figure decreased to 4% owing to improved skill and instrument design. 92% of the patients were followed up by scoring-scale evaluation 13.8 +/- 7.7 (2-51) months after treatment. Treatment of bucket handle tears gave better results than treatment of degenerative tears. The results were less successful after lateral than after medial meniscectomy. Other pathological findings in the joint including cartilage degeneration or an anterior cruciate tear with anterolateral instability unfavourably affected the result of meniscectomy. The post operative rehabilitation period was short and most patients returned to work within two weeks and to athletic activities within four weeks. The operation can be performed as an out-patient procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Protein composition in single follicles, homogenates and fine-needle aspiration biopsies from normal and diseased human thyroid.

The protein composition of the thyroid colloid was analysed by microgel electrophoresis and densitometry in 41 euthyroid patients. The colloid samples were obtained from single follicles by micropuncture, from homogenates of microbiopsies or from aspiration biopsies. Fourteen of the patients had morphologically normal thyroid tissue, 18 had atoxic nodular goitre and 19 of the patients had atoxic adenoma. Ten of the patients with nodular goitre had prior to the investigation received lithium therapy for psychiatric disorders. The main component of the thyroid colloid was 19S thyroglobulin (TG), but larger iodoproteins (S-TG) and smaller protein fractions, an albumin-like protein and a pre-albumin fraction, were also present in varying relative amounts. Analyses of homogenates of microbiopsies from normal thyroid tissue demonstrated the same protein composition as observed in single follicles. In colloid samples from atoxic nodular goitre the lighter protein fractions were absent in most of the samples. Analyses of homogenates or aspiration biopsies could not demonstrate this alteration in the protein composition in nodular goitre. Lithium therapy resulted in a significantly lower amount of the lighter protein fractions but unchanged amounts of the globulin fractions in atoxic nodular goitre.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Human thyroid blood flow response to endogenous, exogenous human, and bovine thyrotrophin measured by electromagnetic flowmetry.

Human thyroid blood flow (TBF) was studied with electromagnetic flowmetry during operation. Measurements were made of the effect on TBF of injections of bovine TSH into one inferior thyroid artery in 6 patients; 6 other patients were given human TSH, and in 10 patients measurements were made both of TBF and endogenous TSH released after administration of TRH in a peripheral vein. The TBF increased after all three types of injection. The mean of the TBF maxima after bovine TSH was 2.26 +/- 0.35 (mean +/- SEM) relative to basal TBF, after human TSH 1.97 +/- 0.28, and after TRH 1.64 +/- 0.20. In the three groups combined it was 1.92 +/- 0.16. The TBF was often increased already during the first recording period 1-10 min after TSH or TRH administration. The mean TBF was approximately doubled at 30-50 min. There were considerable inter-individual variations in the latent time and maximum response of TBF, especially after human TSH, but we found no correlation between the response and the TSH serum concentration in any group. A prompt, but inter-individually varying, increase in TBF was confirmed. This increase is suggested to be secondary to an increased intrafollicular metabolic activity and not primarily regulating thyroid function.

Adult↗