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Biomedical subjects

J Gil

Publications and source records attributed to J Gil.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Alveolar wall relations.

We have presented a highly dynamic view of the alveolar septum and its main enclosed structure, the dense capillary network. The septal or perimicrovascular interstitium is the space between alveolar epithelial sheets after exclusion of the capillary network. It contains cells, fibers, and a viscous matrix. Capillaries form a very complex network, which closely follows the geometry of the terminal airways and participates in functional adaptations of the wall, particularly septal pleating. The level of filling and configuration of different capillaries ranging from collapse to full distension are variable, depending on factors such as transmural balance of forces but also on tissular configuration. Alveolar flooding of any cause will produce an immediate change of capillary configuration and volume.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Early tissue damage in ethchlorvynol-induced alveolar edema in rabbit lung.

The purpose of this study was to examine the morphologic changes that occur in the early stages of intraalveolar edema. Anesthetized rabbits were intravenously administered a bolus of 40 mg/kg of ethchlorvynol, a mild hypnotic known to induce respiratory distress syndrome in humans and laboratory animals when given intravenously. After 15 min their lungs were fixed for transmission electron microscopy. Examination revealed variable amounts of irregularly distributed intraalveolar edema with erythrocytes and fibrin strands that coexisted with modest or nonexisting interstitial edema suggesting that primary hemorrhagic alveolar flooding had taken place. Most alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells appeared normal except in localized areas. In lungs fixed by vascular perfusion, in which normal capillaries were flushed, obstructions were noticed in alveolar corner capillaries. These areas were identified by light microscopy and selectively sectioned for electron microscopy. They contained intravascular cell-fibrin aggregates consisting of plugs of degranulated platelets, fibrin, erythrocytes, and leukocytes. Endothelial and epithelial cells in the vicinity of the plugs showed variable degrees of injury. In places the damage was so severe that vascular and alveolar spaces were separated only by the basal lamina. Our work shows the previously unnoticed existence of capillary microemboli or microthrombi in a well-known experimental model of respiratory distress syndrome and suggests extravasation of blood elements through discrete sites of cell injury associated with the fibrin-platelet aggregates rather than diffuse increase of permeability as cause of early alveolar flooding.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Apropos of cutaneous tuberculosis].

A revision of in and out patients' cases of cutaneous tuberculosis is made, joining them in typical forms and tuberculids. From a total of 70 patients, 49 corresponded to typical forms and the rest to tuberculids. They are joining by sex, middle age and nationality remarking if there was any association or no to another envolvement sides and at last, 9 cases with some peculiar characteristics are mentioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Local immunomodulation in advanced Crohn disease with a cell-wall preparation of Propionibacterium granulosum KP-45].

Four patients aged 30-34 years with Crohn's disease in and advanced stage, having lasted 2 or 3 years, were treated by several injections of 10mg lyophilized cell wall material of P. granulosum strain KP-45 locally into the lesion. In all 4 cases a preceding conventional therapy with Salazopyrine and Prednisone or surgery had been unsuccessful. This local immunomodulatory treatment led to decisive improvement of the disease in all 4 cases, in 3 cases inflammatory symptoms disappeared completely. For this reason a local immunomodulation with P. granulosum KP-45 is recommended as an additional therapeutic procedure in patients who are otherwise resistant to therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of vesicles in cells of air-blood barrier in the rabbit.

Vesicular transport has been proposed as a pressure-independent shuttle mechanism for transport of macromolecules across thin cells. The vesicular populations of cells found in the gas-exchanging parenchyma were quantitated by morphometric means. We found that the numerical densities (number of vesicles/unit of volume) were comparable in endothelial (131/micrometer 3) and epithelial (145/microm3) type I cells but much smaller for interstitial cells. The vesicular loads or numbers of vesicles/unit of surface area were computed separately for each cell front (luminal and abluminal) and found to be similar for all surfaces, ranging from 150 to 196/micrometer 2 except for the interstitial front of epithelial cells where the load was higher (230/micrometer 2). Although this represents a very high transport potential, little can be said about vesicular effective performance because of insufficient knowledge of vesicular biology and biophysics. A frequent observation in the capillary network is attenuations of endothelial cells, which are thinner than the vesicular diameter and devoid of vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Morphometric study of rat lung cells. I. Numerical and dimensional characteristics of parenchymal cell population.

Four normal rat lungs were positive-pressure inflated (7 mm Hg downslope) and perfusion-fixed for electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis yielded estimates for compartmental volume densities in alveolar septal lung tissue excluding capillaries: type I cells, 0.126; type II cells, 0.097; endothelium, 0.264; interstitial cells, 0.358; interstitial space, 0.116; macrophages, 0.039. Numerically, the largest cell population of the parenchymal tissue was the endothelial cells (43%) followed by interstitial (31.8%), type II (14.5%), and type I (7.5%) epithelial cells; 3.2% were macrophages. Individual type I cells possessed the largest cell volume (915 micron3) as well as th largest luminal surface (4,518 micron3), covering 97.5% of the alveolar surface. Type II cells (volume, 366 micron3; surface, 62 micron2) line only 2.5% of the alveolus. Total endothelial surface is 16% larger than the alveolar surface, although individual endothelial cells are much smaller (volume, 336 micron3; luminal surface, 946 micron 2) than type I cells. Macrophages and interstitial cells (cell volume, 665 and 615 micron3, respectively) are of an intermediate size. By restricting the reference frame to alveolar septal tissue, surface and volume estimates agree well in most cases with instillation-fixed lungs. Caution is nevertheless indicated in interpreting such comparisons because differing fixation/inflation techniques generate unequal osmotic and oncotic pressure gradients.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Immunostimulation by systemic administration of Propionibacterium granulosum in patients with primary or secondary lung tumours.

The effect of a cell suspension of Propionibacterium granulosum strain KP-45 given intravenously to patients with advanced primary or secondary lung carcinoma, and simultaneously treated with cytostatic drugs, was estimated. The control group consisted of patients treated with cytostatics only. The clinical state of patients treated with the KP-45 preparation and with this immunostimulant plus cytostatics, was compared by evaluation of tumour size by X-ray examination, peripheral blood picture, and biochemical and immunological parameters. Treatment with P. granulosum KP-45 did not cause any serious adverse reaction or complication. No evident inhibitory effect on primary or secondary lung tumour development was observed. However, injections of the KP-45 preparation in cytostatics-treated patients resulted in decreased adverse effect of these drugs on the haemopoietic system and absence of bacterial infections, in contrast to patients treated with cytostatics only.

Adult↗