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J Gerdes

Publications and source records attributed to J Gerdes.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Quantification of estrogen- and progesterone receptors from cryostat sectioned human tumor tissue: comparison of ligand binding and immunocytochemical assays.

We have recently described an assay procedure to measure estrogen and progesterone receptors in extracts from frozen sections by a ligand binding assay. With this methodological approach it is now possible to perform comparative experiments not only to DCC/Scatchard analyses from different tissue blocks, but also to immunocytochemical determinations in identical tissue blocks: (1) When receptor quantities measured by the two biochemical methods were compared, a high correlation of estrogen receptor content was found between determinations in supernatants from frozen sections and DCC/Scatchard analyses. A slightly poorer correlation in the comparison of the ligand binding assays was obtained for the progesterone receptor. (2) The percentage of tumor cells stainable by immunocytochemistry for estrogen and progesterone receptors could hardly be correlated to the receptor concentrations (fmol/mg) measured quantitatively by the two ligand binding assays. (3) As the final result tumor specimen could be grouped into classes of receptor status according to the presence or absence of a nuclear stain in immunocytochemical assays or according to receptor concentrations above or below distinct threshold which were fixed at 20 fmol/mg for Scatchard analyses of both receptor species, 20 fmol/mg for estrogen- and 40 fmol/mg for progestin receptors for the assay with sections. In this diagnostical consideration the concordance of both biochemical methods to the immunocytochemical assessment was high for estrogen and less pronounced for progesterone receptors. (4) In some breast cancer specimen analyzed biochemically an unspecific progestin binding component could be detected superimposed on the progesterone receptor peak after isoelectric focusing.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements in Hodgkin's disease and Ki-1-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: dissociation between phenotype and genotype.

We have determined the tumor cell immunophenotype and the rearrangement configuration of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes in 39 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), six HD-derived cell lines and 22 cases of Ki-1-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas (Ki-1-ALC). Rearrangements were observed in 11/39 HD cases, 15/22 Ki-1-ALC, and all cell lines. Epstein-Barr virus DNA was found in five HD cases, one cell line, and one Ki-1-ALC. Both HD and Ki-1-ALC frequently displayed a dissociated genotypic and phenotypic maturation status, i.e. an immature genotype in association with late activation markers. We postulate that the tumor cells in many cases of HD and some cases of Ki-1-ALC may be derived from immature lymphoid cells by a transformation process that superimposes characteristics of mature activated lymphocytes on these cells.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1989

Leiomyosarcoma of the kidney. Immunohistological and ultrastructural findings with special emphasis on the growth fraction.

This report deals with a case of renal smooth muscle tumour. Considering the low mitotic rate, this neoplasm would have been classified as leiomyoma. However, it displayed a relatively large growth fraction by immunostaining with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. This led us to the diagnosis "leiomyosarcoma", which is in line with the unfavourable clinical course. We suggest that assessment of the growth fraction with Ki-67 seems to be more objective than the conventional criteria for determining the malignant potential of smooth muscle tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

BER-H2: a new anti-Ki-1 (CD30) monoclonal antibody directed at a formol-resistant epitope.

The production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) designated Ber-H2, directed against a new epitope of the Ki-1 (CD30) antigen, are described. In comparison with the formerly reported Ki-1 MoAb whose reactivity with Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells in frozen tissue sections is well-documented, the Ber-H2 MoAb showed new, important features: the labeling intensity of the Ber-H2 MoAb was much stronger, and the number of positively labeled cells was higher. Most important, however, was that the Ber-H2 MoAb could be applied in routinely processed, formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Therefore, it was possible to investigate an unprecedented number of tumors received as frozen or formaldehyde-fixed material for expression of the CD30 antigen. Beside Hodgkin's disease, the Ber-H2 MoAb labeled a variable number of cells in lymphomatoid papulosis, peripheral T-cell lymphomas, and angoimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Among B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), some cases containing large centroblast-like or immunoblast-like cells or displaying plasma-cellular differentiation were positive. This finding was in keeping with the reactivity of the Ber-H2 MoAb with activated B-cell blasts and a subpopulation of plasma cells in paraffin sections of normal lymphoid tissue. The diagnostic value of the Ber-H2 MoAb was most significant for a group of anaplastic large-cell (ALC) lymphomas (formerly frequently referred to as malignant histiocytosis or regressive atypical histiocytosis), of which more than 50 cases could be investigated, owing to applicability in paraffin sections. Although about one third of these ALC lymphomas did not express the leukocyte common (CD45) antigen, they were consistently reactive with the Ber-H2 MoAb in both frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Using the Ber-H2 MoAb, these Ki-1 lymphomas could be easily distinguished from other nonlymphoid anaplastic large-cell tumors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Immunoenzymatic assessment of IL-1 beta mRNA by in situ hybridization using sulphonated probes.

An immunoenzymatic detection method of in-situ hybridization reactions for interleukin 1 (IL-1) beta was established, using sulphonated probes. As model system we used unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). After hybridization, sulphone groups were targeted with a monoclonal antibody, and bound antibody was visualized by the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. In unstimulated PBMNC both the control and the IL-1 beta specific c-DNA probes were negative, whilst a large proportion of LPS treated PBMNC was positive with the sulphonated IL-1 beta plasmid only. This method may be a powerful alternative to radio-isotopic labeling. Since the entire procedure can be performed within one day, it may be applied for routine diagnostic purposes.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed1989

Tumor cell growth fractions in human malignant melanomas and the correlation to histopathologic tumor grading.

The growth fraction (GF) of 72 human malignant melanomas was determined by immunostaining with monoclonal antibody Ki-67. A positive correlation of GF and histopathologically-assessed prognostic variables, such as tumor thickness, mitotic rate, and prognostic index, was found. Individual Ki-67 values were considerably scattered in all histologically defined groups of malignancy. Thus, GF as determined by Ki-67 was used to calculate a modified prognostic index. In contrast to the histologically defined prognostic index, the Ki-67 based prognostic index allows further subdivision of thin malignant melanomas with no or few mitotic figures. This may be of help in identifying tumors with a high recurrence potential.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Phenotypical characterization of the cells invading pancreatic islets of diabetic BB/OK rats: effect of interleukin 2 receptor-targeted immunotherapy.

We investigated immunohistochemically the phenotypes of mononucleated cells invading pancreatic islets of diabetic BB/OK rats in comparison to the diabetes-resistant parental strain, and 12 and 120 days after a temporary treatment (10 days) with a monoclonal antibody (1 mg/kg b.w.) directed against interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R) combined with a subtherapeutic dose of cyclosporin A (1.5 mg/kg b.w.). Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (OX-19, OX-8, W3/25, KI-M2R, OX-6, OX-17, ART-18) and the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase system to visualize the bound primary antibodies, we observed an even distribution of mononucleated cells across the endocrine pancreas at a "background" level when obtained from diabetes-resistant parental rat strain. Diabetic BB/OK rats, characterized by a moderate hyperglycemia and a marked decrease of pancreatic insulin content, displayed a remarkable accumulation of mononucleated cells in the endocrine pancreas. Morphometric studies revealed an increase of all phenotypes investigated, nearly all mononucleated cells expressed class II histocompatibility antigens (OX-6+, OX-17+) and the number of cells expressing the IL 2R (ART-18+) was markedly enhanced. Sixty-seven percent of the immunotherapeutically treated BB/OK rats normalized plasma glucose and enhanced pancreatic insulin content. The successfully treated animals are characterized by a decrease of cells invading pancreatic islets (OX-19+, OX-8+, W3/25+, KI-M2R+), a decrease of class II histocompatibility antigen and IL 2R expression. The number of IL 2R cells is also diminished in the endocrine pancreas of unsuccessfully treated BB rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Investigations of the estrogen (ER-ICA-test) and the progesterone receptor in the prostate and prostatic carcinoma on immunohistochemical basis.

Estrogen (ER) and Progesterone receptors (PR) were demonstrated immunohistochemically on frozen sections from 11 prostatectomy and 7 cystoprostatectomy specimens in the nuclei of various cell types. The periglandular fibrocytes and smooth muscle cells were extensively positive, the interglandular stromal cells were only partly so. Normal basal cells stained focally positive, hyperplastic basal cells stained extensively. The glandular secretory epithelium and atrophic glands were negative. The same findings were obtained in hyperplastic nodules. Both ER and PR also occurred in the urothelium of central prostatic ducts and of the prostatic urethra. The fibrous stroma around the ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles was extensively positive while the epithelium was negative. The smooth musculature of the seminal vesicles was only partly positive. On large field sections, the ER as well as the PR were numerically equally distributed throughout the inner zone of the prostate and the prostate proper. 12 prostatic carcinomas (G I-G III) were ER- and PR-negative. Estrogens may contribute to nodular hyperplasia by triggering a stromal proliferation with a secondary inductive epithelial growth. Obviously they do not act directly on prostatic carcinoma but inhibit growth via the hypophyseal-testicular axis. The biological significance of the PR in the prostate is unknown.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. The search for a rational panel.

A novel, comprehensive panel of monoclonal antibodies was tested in a large series of routinely processed lymph node biopsy specimens from patients with Hodgkin's disease (69 cases), with the object of developing either definitive or adjunctive diagnostic criteria. B- and T-cell lymphomas and reactive states that could mimic Hodgkin's disease were also assessed with the same monoclonal antibody panel. In addition to the popularly used anti-Leu-M1 (CD15), the panel included the recently produced Ber-H2 (CD30) antibody, which detects a formalin-resistant epitope of the Ki-1 antigen. The other monoclonal antibodies were directed against epithelial membrane antigen (Dako-EMA) and leukocyte common antigen (Dako-LC) (CD45), as well as B-cell (LN-1 and LN-2) and T-cell (MT1) associated antigens. The results showed clear phenotypic separation of nodular lymphocyte predominant subtype of Hodgkin's disease from other subtypes. The lymphocytic and histiocytic cells of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease were reactive for LN-1 (all cases) and anti-EMA (most cases) but negative for anti-Leu-M1 and Ber-H2. Within the other subtypes--i.e. nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity--nearly all Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin's cells were positive for both anti-Leu-M1 and Ber-H2. Ber-H2 monoclonal antibody was observed to react more frequently with Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin's cells in Bouin's- or formalin-fixed tissues. Pleomorphic T-cell lymphomas, which could mimic Hodgkin's disease on morphology, created the same problem on phenotypic analysis. However, MT1 identified a significant proportion of T-cell lymphomas with Reed-Sternberg-like cells, having proven negative for Reed-Sternberg cells and Hodgkin's cells in Hodgkin's disease. Thus, a combination of anti-Leu-M1, Ber-H2, anti-EMA, LN-1, and MT1 monoclonal antibodies appears at present to be the most useful panel for the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Immunocytochemical evaluation of the percentage of proliferating cells in pathological bone marrow and peripheral blood samples with the Ki-67 and anti-bromo-deoxyuridine monoclonal antibodies.

The monoclonal antibody Ki-67, directed against a nuclear antigen expressed by dividing cells in all the phases of cell cycle except G0 and early G1, was used in combination with an anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody, reacting selectively with cells in S-phase, for assessing the percentage of proliferating cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from patients with lymphoma, leukaemia and multiple myeloma. Immunocytochemical labelling of proliferating cells was performed on marrow frozen sections and/or cytospins using an immunoalkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique that made it possible to obtain proliferative index measurements in a few hours in contrast to the 3-7 d needed with tritiated thymidine. In the 54 marrow lymphoma cases studied a highly significant correlation was observed between the proportion of Ki-67 (+) cells and the separation into low- and high-grade malignant lymphomas according to the Kiel classification. In patients with multiple myeloma at the first diagnosis, the percentage of Ki-67 (+) cells was low (6-10%). In contrast, a high percentage of Ki-67 (+) cells (40-50%) was observed in a young adult with multiple myeloma, in a patient who first presented at the clinical observation with an extradural mass and in three patients who developed extramedullary masses several years after the initial diagnosis of myeloma. In acute lymphoblastic leukaemias of common type the mean value of Ki-67 labelling was 31.3%. Because of their simplicity and rapidity, immunocytochemical techniques may be expected to replace autoradiography and flow cytometry for the detection of proliferating cells in haematological samples.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Determination of the growth fraction in monoclonal gammopathy with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67.

The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 reacts with a nuclear antigen that is present only in proliferating cells. The proportion of Ki-67 positive cells may therefore serve as a reliable measurement for the growth fraction in normal and neoplasmic cell populations. We have tested the significance of the MoAb Ki-67 in the classification of monoclonal gammopathy and compared the results with the plasma cell labelling index. In benign monoclonal gammopathy the percentage of Ki-67 positive plasma cells (median 1.6%) was significantly lower than in untreated multiple myeloma (median 9.6). Among the patients with more than 10% Ki-67 positive plasma cells there were some very short survivors. The largest growth fractions (median 41.8%) were found in patients with relapsing multiple myeloma indicating here a different growth pattern more resembling the high-grade lymphomas. A linear correlation between the proportion of Ki-67 positive plasma cells and the labelling index was not found. Determination of the plasma cell growth fraction with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 in monoclonal gammopathy may help to discriminate benign monoclonal gammopathy from multiple myeloma and will probably identify a subgroup of multiple myeloma patients with a poor prognosis, including those with relapsing multiple myeloma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Detection of cytomegalovirus by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry using new monoclonal antibody CCH2: a comparison of methods.

In situ hybridisation, immunohistochemistry, and morphological analysis for the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) were compared in routinely processed tissue sections from a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and widespread CMV infection. Both in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibody CCH2 labelled all "owl's eye" cells intensely and, in addition, nuclei of some morphologically normal cells. Quantitative evaluation of the results showed that in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry with CCH2 were considerably more sensitive than purely morphological analysis, particularly in tissues with only a few cells infected by CMV. It is further shown that immunohistochemistry with CCH2 detected a higher figure of CMV infected cells than in situ hybridisation. In conclusion, both in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry are rapid, sensitive, and specific methods for CMV detection. For routine purposes, however, immunohistochemistry seems to be more suitable.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Coexpression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), Ki-1, and interleukin-2 receptor by anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Diagnostic value in so-called malignant histiocytosis.

A group of 63 cases of anaplastic large cell lymphomas (variants of diffuse large cell lymphomas often diagnosed as "malignant histiocytosis") was characterized on both morphologic criteria and expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and Ki-1 antigen (CD30). On the basis of the reactivity of these tumors with anti-EMA and anti-Ki-1 antibodies, four subtypes could be distinguished. In the majority of cases (n = 49), neoplastic cells coexpressed EMA and Ki-1 antigens. Nineteen of these cases were tested for IL-2R, and all were positive (Type I, EMA+, Ki-1+, IL-2R+). In the second group (n = 5), the neoplastic cells expressed EMA but not the Ki-1 antigen. These cases were not tested for the presence of IL-2R (Type II, EMA+, Ki-1-, IL-2R?). There were tumors with similar morphology expressing only Ki-1 antigen (Type III, EMA-, Ki-1+, IL-2R-) or negative for both EMA and Ki-1 antigens (Type IV, EMA-, Ki-1-, IL-2R-). EMA appeared to occur predominantly on activated cells, as has been previously shown for Ki-1 antigen. Analysis using monoclonal antibodies to T-cell, B-cell, or macrophage-associated differentiation antigens showed that these tumors were heterogeneous in terms of cell lineage. Tumors coexpressing EMA, Ki-1, and IL-2R (Type I), were most commonly of T-cell origin (n = 12); the remainder in this type expressed B-cell markers (n = 4), a mixed B/T phenotype (n = 2), or no clear phenotype (n = 9). By contrast, tumors of Types II, III, and IV were mainly from B-cell origin (n = 6) or showed a mixed B/T phenotype (n = 1). Despite the fact that a significant proportion of these cases were initially classified morphologically as "malignant histiocytosis," only 3 of the 63 cases were possibly of histiocytic origin. These results confirm that true malignant histiocytosis is rare and that most tumors with histologic features currently regarded as being consistent with this diagnosis are lymphocytic in origin and express activation antigens such as EMA, Ki-1 antigen, and IL-2R.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

Detection of viral DNA by in situ hybridization using bromodeoxyuridine-labeled DNA probes.

Detection of viral DNA in infected tissues is demonstrated by in situ nucleic acid hybridization employing bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd)-labeled probes. BrdUrd is used alternatively to biotinylated nucleotides in the preparation of DNA probes and, after hybridization, developed with a monoclonal anti-BrdUrd antibody and the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase technique. The sensitivity using both BrdUrd- and biotin-labeled probes is similar. Furthermore, the simultaneous detection of viral coinfections will be possible by means of this technique in conjunction with biotin-labeled DNA probes.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1988

Nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of cellular myb protein in human haematopoietic cells evidenced by monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal antibody was used for analysing the expression of the cellular myb (c-myb) protein in a variety of established human tumor cell lines and its decrease after induction of differentiation. Differentiated resting human T-cells and B-cells do not express detectable amounts of c-myb protein. However, upon mitogenic stimulation in vitro T-cells exhibit strong expression of the c-myb protein as demonstrated by immunocytochemical staining and indirect immunoprecipitation. In contrast to the transformed T-lymphoblastic cell line Molt-4, where c-myb protein is a nuclear antigen, it was found in proliferating normal T-cells almost exclusively distributed in the cytoplasm. Screening of a total of 70 fresh human malignant lymphomas by immunohistochemical staining indicates the presence of the c-myb protein primarily in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a large growth fraction, i.e. precursor cell-derived lymphoblastic lymphomas of B-cell type and T-cell type (9/10, 3/4, respectively) and anaplastic large cell Ki-1 lymphomas (5/9), which originate from activated lymphoid cells. The c-myb protein was located predominantly in the nucleus and in some cases additionally in the cytoplasm. The different subcellular locations suggest a dual functional role. While nuclear localisation is exhibited by transformed haematopoietic cells, cytoplasmic localisation appears to be characteristic for proliferating normal T-cells and points to a second property of the c-myb protein other than interaction with DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Determination of the growth fraction using monoclonal antibody Ki-67 in breast cancers].

In 329 breast tissues (120 benign lesions and 209 invasive breast carcinomas) the growth fraction was determined using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells or the Ki-67 growth fraction was determined on histologic and cytologic specimens after immunoperoxidase staining. In benign breast lesions, the Ki-67 growth fraction never exceeded 11%, whereas in breast cancer 14.4 +/- 9.9% of cells were Ki-67 positive ranging from 1 to 48%. Breast carcinomas were classified according to the histologic grading system of Bloom and Richardson (G1-G3). Poorly differentiated carcinomas. (G3) had significantly higher Ki-67 growth fractions than well differentiated tumors (G1). Ki-67 was also correlated with axillary lymph node status. Growth fractions of N+ carcinomas were significantly higher than those of N0 tumors (16.4 +/- 10.4% versus 12.4 +/- 9.4%; p = 0.006). Thus, this new method yields similar results to those obtained by other researchers through the use of flow cytometry and thymidine labelling. As determination of Ki-67 growth fractions is an easy and rapid technique, it is ideal for routine clinical use. Ki-67 may be useful in prognosis and in the selection of patients for various treatment modalities such as adjuvant therapy. A wide-spread use of Ki-67 would be helpful to gain further experience.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗