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Biomedical subjects

J Garvey

Publications and source records attributed to J Garvey.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Metallothionein and occupational exposure to cadmium.

The relationship between metallothionein (MT), chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd), and renal function was investigated in 53 men who were occupationally exposed to Cd. The aim was to determine if MT is a potential biological monitor for chronic exposure to Cd which would be useful for preventing Cd nephropathy. In this study MT excretion, serum MT, and serum creatinine concentrations were significantly higher in subjects with abnormal renal function who had been exposed to Cd. MT excretion was also linearly related on an individual basis to protein excretion, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) excretion, and cumulative time weighted exposure (dose). MT excretion was also a better predictor of dose than either beta 2-M excretion or Cd excretion. The findings suggest that MT is a potential biological monitor for chronic Cd exposure that would be useful for preventing Cd-induced nephropathy. Further studies of non-specific nephropathies and MT are needed to determine if MT is a specific indicator of proximal tubule function secondary to chronic exposure to Cd.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

An alternative baccalaureate curriculum plan for RNs.

It is a need of our times to improve the quality of baccalaureate programs for RN students. Professional pressures to secure the degree must be accompanied by the availability of appropriate programs. The yardstick of measure should not differ between generic or RN student. Care should be taken to assure that the competencies commensurate with a baccalaureate degree are attained by any graduate. It is inappropriate to extend the learning requirements for RNs beyond the basic degree requirements. In developing an alternative program for RNs, care should be taken to provide a program congruent with the philosophy, conceptual framework and objectives of the parallel program. Since the entering competencies of RNs differ from those of the basic student, curricular alternatives and course modification should address only that portion of knowledge that is unique. Clinical experiences should be planned to facilitate skill development in those areas that are needed. Registered nurse students should not be placed in clinical sections which fail to foster new skill development. Hopefully, as schools develop more appropriate BS(N) educational programs we will enjoy the success of assisting in the learning process and find the graduates not merely pleased by the degree obtained as a route to better employment opportunities but pleased with the knowledge and skills they have obtained by way of the degree.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed1981

Uncomplicated sinus of Valsalva aneurysm detected by echocardiography in an asymptomatic patient: case report.

Echocardiography was extremely useful in detecting a distinctive echographic pattern with uncomplicated right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. The patient was clinically asymptomatic. The chest x-ray showed a normal cardiac silhouette. Electrocardiographic abnormalities including first degree atrio-ventricular block, right bundle branch block, and left anterior hemiblock observed during a routine cardiac clinic visit led to the echocardiographic investigation. The right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm protruded high into the septum and into the left ventricular chamber adjacent to the interventricular septum. At surgery, the aneurysm was closed by the placement of a Dacron elastic patch.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Clinical evaluation of bronchopulmonary lavage using the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Thirty-three patients had segmental and lobar bronchopulmonary lavage using three types of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes. A maximum volume of 300 ml of normal saline solution at room temperature was used. Lavage was effective for removing large numbers of alveolar macrophages (mean, 17 million) and proteinaceous material (mean, 0.18 mg per milliliter) that helped enhance the antibacterial properties of the macrophages. Transient shunting (mean fall in partial pressure of arterial oxygen, 65 mm Hg) and alveolar filling that reverted to normal in 3 hours were noted. The procedure averaged 45 minutes and was as simple as bronchoscopy. The larger the internal diameter of the bronchoscope (> 2.6 mm) the better suited it was for lavage. Sequential segmental lavage seems to offer the advantages of simplicity and technical ease over isolated lobar lavage with a balloon-tipped bronchoscope. It also has the advantage of simplicity over whole-lung lavage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Combined valve and coronary artery surgery.

From 1970 to 1978, 79 patients (Group 1) underwent combined valve replacement and coronary bypass operation. They were compared with 79 consecutive subsequent patients (Group 2) undergoing similar valve replacement. In Group 1, 73% were men compared with 48% in Group 2. The average age in Group 1 was 60 years (range, 42 to 84 years) and in Group 2, 57 years (range, 29 to 74 years). When the patients were first seen, angina was present in 49% in Group 1 and only 24% in Group 2. More than 95% of the patients in both groups were in New York Heart Association Functional Class III or IV. Areas of abnormal contraction were twice as frequent in the angiograms of patients in Group 1 (43%). Thirty-three mitral, 44 aortic, and 2 aortic plus mitral valve replacements were performed in each group. One to 4 grafts were placed in each patient group. One to 4 grafts were placed in each patient in Group 1, and most had single or double grafts. Early morbidity was more frequent in Group 1. Early mortality was 5 to 6% in each group. Late mortality (average, 3.5 years after operation) was 16 to 17% in each group. The working status and Functional Classification at follow-up were similar for patients in both groups. Combined valve and coronary operation carried a similar operation risk and had similar late results as valve replacement alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Atrial septal defect due to blunt thoracic trauma.

The case report of an atrial septal defect with right-to-left shunting in an adult following blunt chest trauma is presented. To our knowledge a successfully repaired traumatic atrial septal defect has not been previously reported in the English-language literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The surgical treatment of pulmonary aspergillomas.

During a 4 year period 11 patients underwent 12 operations for pulmonary aspergillomas. The usual reason for operation was hemoptysis--massive or moderate. There was one death after operation and two complications. One patient since has an aspergilloma on the opposite side and has recurrent hemoptysis. There may be an increasing incidence of aspergillomas secondary to a larger number of open negative tuberculosis patients in the population. The mortality rate from operation is under 10 percent, and the complications in the saprophytic infestation are few. Surgery is the preferred treatment for the good-risk patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

How many tastes are there for low concentration "sweet" and "sour" stimuli? - Threshold implications.

Ascending series of solutions of sucrose, glucose, and citric acid were tasted and detection and recognition thresholds were noted; subjects were also required to determine the number of taste sensations that occurred and their sequence of occurrence. It was found that subjects varied in their reports of the number of taste changes and hence potential criteria for detection and recognition. Even among those subjects who reported the same number of criteria there was little consistency as to which were actually chosen for detection and recognition. Some subjects even used an intensity change rather than a quality change to signal a threshold. They criterion can thus be seen to be a potential variable in threshold measurement, and criterion-free measures of sensitivity are recommended. Taste quality descriptions were also studied and a high proportion of novel descriptions was noted; it was hypothesised that this was due to the fact that subjects were not primed with traditional descriptive terms during the instructions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Pulse duration variation and electrode size as factors in pacemaker longevity.

For the past 4 years, we have used highly efficient Medtronic electrodes (Nos. 6901 and 6907), with small surface areas, for cardiac pacemakers. We have found that chronic thresholds average 1.6 Ma. at a 1 msec. pulse duration, compared to 4.9 Ma. for the conventional Medtronic No. 5816 electrodes. These electrodes have been used in association with Medtronic Models 5961 and 5931, ventricular-inhibited and asynchronous pulse generators in which output current and voltage are fixed and pulse duration is variable. Drain from the generator battery is directly related to impulse duration and is reduced at shorter durations. The strength-duration curve of cardiac stimulation suggests and actual long-term pacing has been achieved at an average of 0.2 to 0.3 msec., rather than the conventional 1.0 msec. Drain from the battery is one fourth that of pacemakers of 1970 and one half that of present day, conventional units. This fact suggests that a realistic average life of the pulse generator is 4 years or more.

Differential Threshold↗