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Biomedical subjects

J Gartmann

Publications and source records attributed to J Gartmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Pneumococcal pneumonia: epidemiology, therapy, immunoprophylaxis].

Despite modern antibiotic therapies, pneumococcal pneumonia still remains a serious epidemiologic problem. Some 25% of pneumococcal pneumonias are accompanied by bacteremia. The mortality rate in these forms is some 17%, and in patients above 50 it is as high as 28%. Early toxic injury is responsible for the high mortality rate, which is as high as 13,000-60,000 deaths every year in the USA. Several resistant strains of pneumococci have recently been discovered, and for all these reasons research into active immunization against pneumococci has been resumed. A vaccine is now available which consists of polysaccharide antigens of the 14 most important serotypes and confers a protection rate of some 80% against pneumococcal pneumonia. Vaccination is recommended for elderly and debilitated persons in particular.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia].

In Switzerland, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia occurs in subjects who have stayed in endemic areas of lymphatic filariasis (mainly India and South East Asia) and in adopted children from these countries. Clinically, the disease manifests itself as asthmatic bronchitis or pneumonia. Blood eosinophilia is regularly present and chest X-ray shows various types of infiltrate. Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is distinguished from Loeffler's syndrome by (a) the severe and protracted course, (b) measurable antibodies against filarial antigens, and (c) the therapeutic response to diethylcarbamazine. The pathogenesis of both syndromes may be explicable by the fact that soluble parasitic allergens bind to cellules of the respiratory tract and induce hypersensitivity reactions under the influence of reagins. Both syndromes must be differentiated from parasitoses of the lung tissue, from side effects of drugs, and from allergic, non-parasitic bronchial asthma. The clinical aspects of both syndromes are illustrated by three cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Glomerulonephritis in sarcoidosis].

A case of lung sarcoidosis and proliferative glomerulonephritis is reported. The medical literature includes several descriptions of coincidence of sarcoidosis and glomerulonephritis, but only three times is complete documentation by standard microscopy, immunofluorescence and electronic microscopy available. In view of the augmented humoral immunity in sarcoidosis, the authors believe that the association of sarcoidosis and glomerulonephritis is more than a fortuitous coincidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Pipoxizin, a new bronchodilator].

Pipoxizin is a new bronchodilator with the chemical name chlorhydrate-4-diphenyl-methylene-1-(2-/2-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy/-ethyl/-ethyl)-piperidine. This substance exhibits powerful antihistaminic and antiserotonin properties but no parasympathetic or beta-adrenergic properties. The effects of Pipoxizin have been compared with those of the wellknown product hexoprenalin (Ipradol). Twelve male patients, each with bronchial obstruction, took part in the trials. Plethysmography before and after Alupent inhalation was carried out to determine the reversibility or irreversibility of the bronchial obstruction. On the following day, the plethysmorgraphic tests were repeated before and after intravenous injection of Pipoxizin, and on the third day, the tests were repeated again after intravenous injection of hexoprenalin. Pulse and blood pressure were monitored. Following the use of Pipoxizin, there was a significant decrease in the following parameters: RT, RE, RV, ITGV, pulse rate, and systolic blood pressure. A significant increase was found in FEV1. After hexoprenalin injection, there was a significant decrease only in RV and an increase in FEV1. A comparison of Pipoxizin and hexoprenalin shows a significant difference between the two products, Pipoxizin having the more favourable effect.

Bronchial Spasm↗
PubMed1975

[Therapeutic procedure in acute pulmonary and pleuropulmonary diseases].

The treatment of acute infections of the lung tissue, of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and of large pleural effusions and pneumothorax is discused. At the onset of these acute situations, the therapeutic decision has sometimes to be made before a definite diagnosis is available. Clinical, radiological and statistical factors often condition the first steps of treatment. Once the definite diagnosis has been established it is usually possible to adapt the treatment to accepted principles, which are dwelt on in detail.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1975

Doxycycline concentrations in lung tissue, bronchial wall, and bronchial secretions.

Doxycycline levels were measured in 44 patients undergoing lung surgery; 44 determinations were made on serum, 37 on resected lung tissue, 11 on bronchial wall, and 8 on bronchial secretions. The concentrations in lung tissue were, with few exceptions, higher than the serum concentrations, while those in homogenized bronchial wall specimens were slightly lower than the serum readings. All these concentrations were on average considerably higher than the minimum inhibitory concentrations for the pneumococcus and Haemophilus influenzae. The comparatively low bronchial secretion concentrations were accounted for by the surgical circumstances. All patients had been intensively trated pre-operatively, and showed no florid mucosal inflammation at the time of the operation: as inflammation subsides, so the antibiotic concentration in the bronchial secretion declines rapidly. The lung and bronchial wall tissue levels indicate that doxycycline has great promise in the treatment of pulmonary and bronchial disorders.

Biopsy↗