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Biomedical subjects

J Gardner

Publications and source records attributed to J Gardner.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical identification of proliferating cells in organ culture using bromodeoxyuridine and a monoclonal antibody.

The ability to measure cell proliferation is important in the study of cancer biology. The usual technique for quantitating proliferating cells in tissue explant and organ culture by detection of [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA by autoradiography is tedious and time-consuming. We have developed a technique for identification and quantitation of bromodeoxyuridine (an analogue of thymidine) in cultured tissue explants. Fetal mouse colon explants were exposed in vitro to bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) or [3H]-thymidine for 3 to 72 hr and then for various periods to unlabeled thymidine. The tissues were stained with a monoclonal anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibody and in parallel [3H]-thymidine incorporation was detected by autoradiography. Incorporation of BUdR was measured by quantitating the amount of pigment deposited over nuclei after immunohistochemical staining, using an optical data digitizer. It was found that both techniques identified proliferating cells. Dividing cells were present both in crypts and in the surrounding stroma in Day 14 fetal mouse colon cultures. The immunohistochemical technique was more rapid and less cumbersome than autoradiography.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Linkage of cystic fibrosis locus and polymorphic DNA markers in 14 families.

Linkage relationships between the cystic fibrosis (CF) locus and three polymorphic DNA markers were examined in 14 families, five of which were of Hispanic origin. Tight linkage was found between the CF locus and MET (maximum lod score = 7.16 at theta = .001), and between CF and pJ3.11 (maximum lod score = 3.87 at theta = .001). We observed two recombinations between CF and collagen, yielding a maximum lod score of 0.359 at theta = .125, and one recombination in the cluster CF-MET-pJ3.11. Analysis by the seriation method indicates the order COL-pJ3.11-CF-MET.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1984

Heartfelt thanks.

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Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1984

Tolerance following the repeated administration of high doses of phencyclidine: no relation to central catecholamine depletion.

The tolerance which develops following the repeated administration of phencyclidine has been attributed to both pharmacological and behavioral adaptations. In the present study, the possibility that neurochemical alterations induced by the repeated administration of phencyclidine might account for some portion of the observed tolerance was examined. Specifically, it was postulated that the repeated administration of high doses of phencyclidine might result in long lasting depletion of central catecholamine stores and that this neurochemical perturbation might result in tolerance to the drug's effects. It was observed that phencyclidine disrupted the performance of rats on a fixed-interval schedule maintained by water presentation. The repeated administration of high doses of phencyclidine (but not of a comparable volume of saline) during a period when subjects were not engaged in the fixed-interval task resulted in the development of a long lasting tolerance, but this tolerance could not be accounted for in terms of a depletion of central catecholamine stores.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

HLA associations in sarcoidosis: a study of two ethnic groups.

We report results of HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing in groups of white Caucasians of English descent and black West Indians of African descent with sarcoidosis. In the English patients we found a significantly increased frequency of Cw7, which was not found in the West Indian patients. Our results also suggest that DR3 and, in particular, inheritance of the B8/Cw7/DR3 haplotype is associated with good prognosis in English patients with sarcoidosis. There was no association between any HLA antigen and prognosis in the West Indian patients in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Long term care facilities: the benefits of having a dietitian.

This article describes the improvements made by a dietitian in two long term care facilities. Neither facility had previously employed a dietitian. Nutritional status of residents was improved by menu revisions that included more dairy products. Accurate serving of calculated diets was instigated. Administrative tools such as policy and procedure manuals and standardized recipes were introduced. It is to be hoped that the positive experiences of these long term care facilities in employing dietitians will encourage other facilities to follow suit.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1980

Solid-phase synthesis of porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide.

The 28-residue sequence of porcine vasoactive peptide (VIP) was assembled on a benzhydrylamine resin support, cleaved by HF treatment, and purified by ion-exchange and partition chromatography. In addition to the normal criteria, the homogeneity of the final material, obtained in 16% yield, was assessed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography and the isolation and examination of cyanogen bromide cleavage fragments by the same technique. The purified VIP possessed characteristic inhibitory effects on pentagastrin-induced gastric acid release in the dog. Upon storage, even as the lyophilized powder in vacuo, HPLC revealed the slow formation of a contaminant possibly representing deamidated peptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Hormonal responses during intense exercise preceded by glucose ingestion.

In this study the metabolic and endocrine responses during and after intense exercise (80% VO2max) were investigated under a) normal conditions b) diminished intra-muscular carbohydrate supplies, and c) an augmented supply of blood glucose. For this purpose four experimental conditions were employed, rest (R), rest with glucose ingestion (RG), exercise (E), and exercise with glucose ingestion (EG). On the exercise days the subjects exercised twice for 30 min with 2 hour rest between each bout. When glucose was ingested 15 min prior to exercise an accelerated glucose decrease occurred in the first 15 min of exercise (-35 mg/100 ml) (P less than 0.05). Insulin concentrations also decreased sharply throughout this exercise period (EG) (P less than 0.05). After exercise, an insulin rebound occurred in EG that was not observed after exercise in E. In EG, min (180-210) the exercise-induced GH increase was diminished (P less than 0.05) in comparison to the response observed during E. No differences were found in the cortisol responses during or after E and EG. (P greater than 0.05). It is concluded that moderate muscle and hepatic glycogen loss, induced several hours prior to exercise, does not alter the responses of cortisol, GH and insulin during exercise. Increasing the available glucose prior to exercise does not alter the cortisol or insulin responses during exercise but the diminished GH concentrations suggest that the release of this hormone is attenuated directly or indirectly by glucose and/or insulin.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lateral differences and head-turning responses to somesthetic stimulation in premature human infants.

Head-turning responses to somesthetic stimulation of the perioral region were studied at weekly intervals in 25 prematurely born infants. No regular changes associated with age were evident. The premature infants were more likely to turn towards than away from a stimulus; however, they were less so than are full-term infants. The infants were as likely to turn towards the stimulus when it was on the left as when it was on the right; however, they were more likely to turn away from a stimulus on the left than on the right. Comparisons with full-term infants indicated reduced lateral differences in responding. Such a reduction is in sharp contrast with the previous finding of marked postural asymmetry in a comparable sample of prematurely born infants. These data indicate a possible sequence in the development of head-turning responses to somesthetic stimulation and the assumption and maintenance of an asymmetrical head posture which consists of (1) a right-turning postural bias, (2) contralateral responding to somesthetic stimulation, (3) lateral differentiation of contralateral responding, (4) ipsilateral responding, and (5) lateral differentiation of ipsilateral responding.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Preparation of 125iodine-labelled methotrexate and its use in a magnetisable particle solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

Two techniques for the iodination of methotrexate are describes, involving covalent linkage to the drug of 125I-labelled N-succinimidyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (Bolton and Hunter reagent), or to 125I-labelled histamine. A rapid highly specific radioimmunoassay for methotrexate was developed, employing a specific antiserum covalently linked to magnetisable particles, and 125I-labelled methotrexate as tracer. Incubation times for the assays were 60 and 10 min for the Bolton and Hunter reagent-linked methotrexate and 125I-labelled histamine-linked methotrexate respectively. Separation of bound from free antigen was achieved by a rapid magnetic separation system. Results obtained for serum samples correlated closely with those using an enzymatic (dihydrofolate reductase) competitive protein binding assay for methotrexate. A major advantage of the assay is its potential for processing large numbers of samples rapidly, making it highly suitable for routine clinical use.

Animals↗