Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Garcia

Publications and source records attributed to J Garcia.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Cues: their relative effectiveness as a function of the reinforcer.

Two cues, either size or flavor of food pellet, were conditionally paired with either malaise induced by x-ray or pain induced by shock in four groups of rats. The combination of flavor and illness produced as conditioned decrement in consumption, but that of size and illness did not. Conversely, the combination of size and pain produced an inhibition of eating, but flavor and pain did not. Apparently, effective associative learning depends on central neural convergence of the paired afferent input.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

Conditioning with delayed vitamin injections.

Rats deficient in thiamine were allowed to drink saccharin-fla vored water. They were then given an injection of thiamine which caused their intake of the nonnutritive fluid to increase. Delay of the intramuscular injection up to 30 minutes had no effect upon the acquisition of this condi tioning. Presumably, this delay reflects specialization in the central integrative mechanisms which serve these afferent modalities.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose benzodiazepine therapy in hospitalized anxious patients.

Severely anxious hospitalized patients were treated with rapidly increasing doses of two benzodiazepine compounds to test the feasibility of rapid pharmacotherapy of the condition. Twenty-one subjects completing the study all obtained substantial relief from symptoms; in only three subjects were symptoms completely eliminated. No serious side effects were encountered.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased phosphatidyl choline content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a preliminary investigation.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 12 infants who had recovered from neonatal acute respiratory failure and on 12 patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in order to evaluate the concentration of phosphatidyl choline (PC) in BAL fluid. These two groups were similar at birth (mean birth weight: 1,980 and 1,750 g, respectively; mean gestational age: 33.4 and 32.1 weeks respectively). Mechanical ventilation based on oxygen requirement lasted longer in the group with BPD. BAL was performed at the end of the first year of life (at 8.5 and 10.3 months, respectively) and the results were compared to control values (from infants of the same age without neonatal disease). Whereas the protein concentration in BAL fluid was similar in the two groups, a dramatic decrease of the BAL PC was found in BPD: The mean values of BAL-PC over protein ratio were 0.9 in the group without pulmonary sequelae and 0.3 in the group with BPD. These preliminary results suggest an impairment of the pulmonary surfactant metabolism in this chronic lung disease following neonatal acute respiratory failure.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neural and behavioral responsivity to ethyl alcohol as a tastant.

Three experiments were designed to study the sensory properties of ethyl alcohol (EtOH) in the rat. In Experiment 1, a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) was produced to 3%, 6% or 9% EtOH. None of these aversions generalized to any of the 4 basic tastants. However, rats in the 6% and 9% EtOH groups did generalize the CTA to a mixture of sucrose-QHCl but not to a mixture of NaCl-HCl. In Experiment 2, a CTA was produced to 6% EtOH and animals were then tested with all 6 combinations of the basic tastants. The CTA was found to generalize significantly to sucrose-QHCl and marginally to sucrose-HCl. In Experiment 3, single unit responses to gustatory stimuli were recorded in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius. Solutions of NaCl, HCl, sucrose, QHCl, 6% and 9% EtOH were bathed over the rostral tongue through a plastic flow chamber. Approximately half of the units responded to 9% EtOH. Analysis of the across-unit patterns of response revealed a weak relationship between responses to EtOh and sucrose in the first 1.0 sec of response.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acoustic neuroma presenting as sudden hearing loss.

Sudden hearing loss occurs as the initial symptom in 1 to 9 per cent of all acoustic neuromas. A case of an acoustic neuroma presenting with sudden hearing loss is described. In this case, the hearing thresholds returned to normal. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case in which an acoustic neuroma presenting with sudden hearing loss exhibited a return to normal thresholds. This suggests that such tumors may have an initial reversible effect on hearing thresholds.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of a sulfahydantoin library.

A five-step solid-phase synthesis of sulfahydantoins from alpha-amino acids and aldehydes was developed. The synthetic method allows the use of hindered amino acids, including Val, Phg, and Aib, and use of aromatic aldehydes substituted with electron-withdrawing and -donating groups. Some limitations were encountered with amino acids with reactive side chains. A small but diverse library of compounds was produced for biological testing.

Aldehydes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[MRI evaluation of carpal tunnel morphology after carpal tunnel release by a retinaculum lengthening technique].

AIM: The benefits of maintaining the pulley function of the flexor retinaculum in carpal tunnel release by lengthening or reconstructing it have been described. Quantitative MR imaging was used to investigate the morphological changes after open carpal tunnel release by such a retinaculum lengthening technique. METHOD: Ten patients had bilateral carpal tunnel MRI pre- and postoperatively. The MRI examinations were performed with a 1.5 Tesla imaging system and wrist coils. Carpal tunnel volume, carpal arch width, median nerve position and flexor tendon position in relation to the hamate-trapezial axis were recorded . RESULTS: Like other methods of carpal tunnel release with complete division of the flexor retinaculum, the retinaculum lengthening technique showed a significant postoperative increase of carpal tunnel volume. Carpal arch width increased only slightly. There was a significant palmar displacement of the median nerve but not of the flexor tendons. CONCLUSION: The findings support the hypothesis that maintenance of the pulley function of the retinaculum may lead to an early postoperative recovery of grip strength. In spite of some difficulties in application quantitative MR imaging may be a useful tool in evaluating the carpal tunnel morphology.

Adult↗