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Biomedical subjects

J García Puig

Publications and source records attributed to J García Puig.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Preclinical diagnosis of the familial nephropathy associated to hyperuricemia].

We describe one patient with the pre-symptomatic diagnosis of the disease named afamilial nephropathy associated to hyperuricemia)) (OMIM 162000; FJHN). This is a hereditary disease, autosomic dominant, characterized by its progression to renal insufficiency. Several mutations in the gene that codifies uromodulin or Tannn-Horsfall protein (UMOD) have been identified in some families. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous. In some cases the disease appears as juvenile hyperuricemia due to a diminished renal urate excretion, with or without gout, but in some other cases the first manifestation is renal insuffciency. The study of the UMOD gene shows that patient is heterozygous for the mutation C869 --> A, which results in C255Y change, and enabled to establish the diagnosis of FJHN. This patient shows the possibility to identify the genetic alteration associated to FJHN in early stages. This fact implies a clinical follow-up and eventual treatment to reduce the inexorable progression to renal insuffciency.

Child↗
PubMed2003

[Multiple paraganglioma: careful with surgery!].

INTRODUCTION: Extraadrenal paragangliomas are exceptional tumors. They prevail the carotid, jugulotympanic, and vagal ones. They are frequently multiple and its treatment is controversial in view of the fact that bilateral removal can go with severe morbidity. The case of a patient with bilateral paraganglioma and postoperative baroreflex dysfunction with severe arterial hypertension and hypotension episodes is presented. CLINICAL OBSERVATION: A 23-year-old woman with a diagnosis of left carotid and right vagal paraganglioma by TC and angiography. In January 1999 the left carotid paraganglioma was operated. The patient showed dysphonia, dysphagia, and lingual dysmotility in the postoperative course, with spontaneous improvement after some months. In December 1999, after the removal of the right vagal paraganglioma, the same complications appeared and hypertension crises (230/140), associated with headache, dizziness, and rash, and alternating with severe hypotension episodes (70/50). Blood biochemistry and the levels of cortisol, thyroid hormones, catecholamines, and metabolites were normal. Imaging techniques discarded tumor at another level and the registry of the ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure (AMBP) confirmed an important pressure lability. The neurophysiological study of the autonomous nervous system demonstrated the failure of the fast regulation mechanisms of the blood pressure. With the diagnosis of baroreceptors dysfunction and paralyses of cranial nerves IX, X and XII a treatment with clonidine was started with poor tolerability and incomplete response. DISCUSSION: This case illustrates the treatment difficulties of paragangliomas, especially when they are bilateral, and in which the surgery can go with severe morbidity. Baroreflex dysfunction should be entertained in the differential diagnosis of the extreme pressure lability.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Cost savings derived from the participation in clinical trials].

BACKGROUND: Medical care of patients with essential hypertension implies considerable expenses for the National Health System (NHS). During the performance of clinical trials (CT), the promoter (usually the pharmaceutical industry) covers the expenses of patient care, which implies savings for the NHS. In this work, we quantitated cost savings derived from the participation of patients in clinical trials on essential hypertension in a tertiary care level Insalud hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Savings were defined as the difference between the economical expenses of a patient before being enrolled in a clinical trial (CT) and that generated during his/her participation in the CT. Expenses of a given patient to the NHS were calculated from his/her clinical record during a time period equal to CT length in which the patient participated. Three financial allottments in four CT were analyzed (three with a 52-week duration and one of 14 weeks) that meant cost savings (total or partial): a) antihypertensive drugs; b) complementary tests, and c) medical visits. RESULTS: Seventy-three patients with essential hypertension were enrolled in the 4 CT; 59 (81%) patients were randomly assigned and 57 patients concluded the CT. The overall savings derived from the participation of the 57 patients was 2,950,423 pesetas. Most of these savings corresponded to drugs (70.7%). Savings derived from laboratory tests (14.1%) and medical visits (15.1%) were similar. The mean savings derived from the participation of one patient in a CT for 12 months was, at least, 70,564 pesetas (5,880 pesetas/patient/month). CONCLUSIONS: The participation of patients with essential AH implies considerable savings for the NHS.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2002

Efficacy of very low dose perindopril 2 mg/indapamide 0.625 mg combination on left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients: the P.I.C.X.E.L. study rationale and design.

The PICXEL study is designed to evaluate the effects of long-term administration of very low-dose combination perindopril 2 mg/indapamide 0.625 mg (Per/Ind) vs enalapril in reducing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive patients. This multicentre, controlled, randomised, double-blind, parallel group study is carried-out to assess the variation of left ventricular mass index (LVMI) after treatment, using a centralised control of M-mode echocardiography determinations, and a dedicated software for semi-automatic measurement. Following a 4-week placebo run-in period, hypertensive outpatients aged >/=18 years, with LVH (LVMI >120 and 100 g/m(2) for men and women, respectively), are randomised to receive once daily, over 52 weeks, either Per/Ind or enalapril. According to blood pressure levels, the dose may be adjusted. In addition to clinical examinations, ECG, blood pressure, heart rate and laboratory assessments echocardiographic determinations are performed for selection, at baseline, after 24 weeks and at the end of the study. The main outcome criteria is the change from baseline in LVMI which is considered the primary efficacy criterion; changes in blood pressure and echo-Doppler parameters constitute secondary criteria. Two-sided Student's t-test for independent samples will be used to differentiate the effects of the treatment between groups with alpha = 5%, and the inter-group difference of LVMI variation will be analysed with a power of 90%. A sample size of 500 patients is required making it necessary to randomise at least 550 patients, based on a 10% proportion of potentially non-assessable patients. The results of this study, obtained after applying strict methodological procedures and requirements, are expected to provide valuable and reliable information on the effects of long-term administration of Per/Ind on LVH, and on its potential superiority over enalapril.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2001

[Relationship between severity of essential arterial hypertension and the prevalence hyperuricemia].

BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients. However, the relation between serum urate and severity of hypertension has not been conclusively defined as yet. We aimed at finding out whether there exists an independent relationship between changes in the prevalence of hyperuricemia and severity of hypertension. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We studied 3 cohorts of patients aged 35 to 60 years with essential hypertension diagnosed at a university hospital in Madrid, Spain. The first cohort (before 1981) included 325 patients, the second (from 1981 to 1989) comprised 271 patients and the third cohort (from 1990 to 1999) included 545 patients. Disease severity ranged from 1 to 6 according to blood pressure levels at diagnosis (WHO/ISH grades 1, 2 or 3 were assigned 1, 2 or 3 points, respectively) and target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertensive retinal vascular changes, and proteinuria above 300 mg/day; one point each). RESULTS: Mean serum urate concentrations in the 3 cohorts were 6.6, 5.8 and 5.5 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). 39% of patients in the first cohort had a serum urate concentration > 7.0 mg/dL whereas only 18.1% patients in the third group showed hyperuricemia (difference: 20.9%; 95% CI, 10.1 to 32.3; p < 0.05). Severity of hypertension was higher in the first cohort (mean SD, 2.50 1.31 points) than in the third group (1.96 1.06 points; p < 0.05), with the second cohort showing an intermediate severity (2.23 1.01 points). Serum urate levels were directly related to the severity of hypertension in the 3 groups (r = 0.08, p < 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, after adjustment for confounding variables, serum urate had no significant association with severity of hypertension. However, target organ damage, systolic blood pressure and serum creatinine were all independent predictors of severity. CONCLUSIONS: Favourable changes in the severity of hypertension for a time period significantly correlate with decreases in hyperuricemia prevalence in the same period. On the other hand, hyperuricemia appears to be an indirect marker of hypertensive renal damage.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Nocturnal drop of arterial blood pressure: determinant factors and relationship with organic damage secondary to hypertension].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the night-time drop in blood pressure in patients with light hypertension and to determine its possible relationship with damage in key organs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Eight urban health centres. PATIENTS: Four hundred and eighteen adults with light-moderate hypertension. INTERVENTIONS: a) Blood pressure reading on three visits; b) ambulatory monitoring of pressure for 24 hours; c) echocardiograph (in 219 patients); d) albuminuria determination (in 134 patients). A night-time drop in blood pressure was defined as the difference between day and night ambulatory pressures; and relative drop, as the night-time pressure drop as a percentage of the day-time pressure. RESULTS: Night-time drop in systolic and diastolic pressures was 13.6 (10.7) and 12.1 (8.6) mmHg, respectively. The predictive factors of night-time drop in blood pressure were, directly, daily ambulatory blood pressure (p < 0.05) and female gender (p < 0.05) and, inversely, age (p < 0.05). No association was observed between night-time drop in blood pressure and left ventricular mass. Only in women was an independent relationship found, inversely, between night-time drop in blood pressure and urinary excretion of albumin (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Relative night-time drop in blood pressure is greater in women than in men, diminishes with age and depends on the day-time ambulatory pressure. In women a minor night-time drop in blood pressure is associated with greater organic damage.

Age Factors↗