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Biomedical subjects

J Garau

Publications and source records attributed to J Garau.

120 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Spontaneous cytomegalovirus mononucleosis with conjunctivitis.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was isolated from the conjunctiva of a patient with mild unilateral catarrhal conjunctivitis associated with the typical clinical features of CMV mononucleosis syndrome in a previously healthy adult. The diagnosis was confirmed by a marked rise in the complement fixation antibody titers. Prospective studies are needed to determine the frequency of conjunctival involvement in CMV mononucleosis and the relation, if any, to sporadic cases of conjunctivitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hub colonization as the initial step in an outbreak of catheter-related sepsis due to coagulase negative staphylococci during parenteral nutrition.

A prospective study was carried out to determine the pathogenesis of coagulase negative staphylococci catheter-related sepsis during parenteral nutrition. Forty-three catheters were cultured by semiquantitative and quantitative methods. The skin around the puncture site was cultured at the time of catheter removal and three segments of the catheter were cultured apart: the hub, the proximal subcutaneous segment, and the tip. Skin cultures were negative (89%) or yielded different coagulase negative staphylococci from those recovered in catheter and/or blood. Seventeen catheters were the source of sepsis. In 15 cases an infected hub was associated with an infected tip. In two cases the hub was negative (one sepsis due to mixture contamination and the other due to hematogenous seeding of the catheter tip). Sixteen cases of sepsis were due to coagulase negative staphylococci. Staphylococcus epidermidis has been the species most commonly isolated, followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus hominis. In our patients most catheter sepsis have their origin in an infected hub and are not due to migration of skin bacteria along catheter subcutaneous tunnel.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical implications of resistance in the management of respiratory tract infections.

Antibiotic resistance among the three major respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis) has increased dramatically over the past 15 years, around the world. With S pneumoniae, penicillin resistance is reported in almost a quarter of isolates, with multiple resistance an increasing problem. The major concern with H influenzae is ampicillin resistance, mediated through two different mechanisms. In the case of M catarrhalis, beta-lactamase production is almost universal, although resistance to other antibiotics is rare. The increasing prevalence of resistance underscores the need for new effective antibiotics. The new quinolones have a spectrum of activity that parallels the range of common respiratory pathogens.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Penicillin-resistant pneumococci and the empirical use of penicillins in the treatment of community-acquired acute pneumonia].

The prevalence of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in our environment has raised questions about the effectiveness of penicillin as empiric treatment for community-acquired pneumonia cases. We followed prospectively all patients with community-acquired pneumonia from February 1989 through January 1990. We also reviewed retrospectively the treatment and evolution of all patients with confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia diagnosed between January 1988 and January 1990. A total of 115 patients with probable pneumococcal pneumonia were prospectively followed-up. Seventy-nine were treated with penicillin (benzyl- and aminopenicillin), and the remaining patients with macrolides, cephalosporin drugs or both. Five patients died (4%). There is no significant differences between mortality in penicillin-treated patients (2 cases) when compared to patients with other treatments (3 cases). Twenty-three patients have confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia. Among them, 8 (24%) had penicillin-resistant pneumococci (5 strains with MIC: 0.12-1 microgram/ml; 3 strains with MIC: 2 micrograms/ml). No differences were recorded regarding demographic data, predisposing conditions, underlying diseases, severity of pneumonia or the outcome of treatment between penicillin and non-penicillin treatment groups. Also, no differences were seen in clinical response and mortality when patients with pneumonia due to penicillin-resistant pneumococci treated with penicillin were compared to the ones treated with other drugs. In two patients, initially treated with erythromycin, progression of the pneumonia was recorded. Erythromycin resistant pneumococci (MIC greater than 8 micrograms/ml) were recovered from transthoracic needle biopsy. Both patients recovered well when beta-lactam antibiotics were prescribed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Metronidazole and angina caused by infectious mononucleosis].

Four patients presenting the severe tonsillar form of mononucleosis are reported. Three were male and their age ranged 16 to 19 years. They showed purulent pharyngo-tonsillitis which appeared 7 to 21 days before. Pharyngeal culture failed to show beta hemolytic streptococci in all cases. The patients were treated with metronidazole 250-500 mg/every 8 hours and all experienced a rapid clinical improvement of the oral infection within 36-48 hours with a rapid decrease of the fever. Although the reasons by which metronidazole produces a rapid clinical improvement are not known, administration of this drug in patients with severe tonsillar involvement appears to be useful in the treatment of infectious mononucleosis.

Adolescent↗