Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Galante

Publications and source records attributed to J Galante.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cementless Gustilo-Kyle and BIAS total hip arthroplasty: 2- to 5-year results.

We conducted extensive radiographic and clinical examination of 58 cementless total hip arthroplasties. Forty BIAS femoral stems had heads made of Co-base F 75 alloy and 18 Gustilo-Kyle femoral stems had Ti6A14V alloy heads. The cross-sectional geometry and location of the porous coating pads of the two stem types was identical, the BIAS component being slightly shorter. At the last follow-up, 27.8% of the Gustilo-Kyle femoral components and 2.5% of the BIAS femoral components were unstable. None of the acetabular components in the BIAS group as against 38.9% of the acetabular components in the Gustilo-Kyle group demonstrated wear of more than 1 mm. All unstable components which did not suffer intraoperative fracture had also acetabular wear of more than 1 mm. The only case with endosteal erosion was seen in a patient with an unstable implant displaying the most extensive wear. Nonparametric statistical analysis showed that the patients with Ti6A14V/polyethylene bearing surfaces had a statistically significantly higher extent of wear and a statistically significant higher incidence of femoral component loosening than patients with CrCoMo/polyethylene bearing surfaces.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nocturnal bruxing events in healthy geriatric subjects.

Thirty healthy geriatric subjects were studied during a single night of sleep in a sleep laboratory. Unilateral masseter muscle activity was recorded in addition to the standard polysomnographic study. The geriatric subjects in this study exhibited fewer bruxing events than other subjects reported in the literature. Certain conditions that have not been previously investigated, such as sleep position, type of bruxing event, and relationship to the state of the dentition, are reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Surface structures and bone ingrowth in cement-free fixed prostheses].

Non-cemented implants are used primarily for hip and knee arthroplasties. Bone ingrowth into porous surfaces of different materials is required. Criteria of long-term success are primary stable fixation and the achievement of intimate bone contact by press-fit. However, animal experiments show that interdigitation with porous coating induces osteoporosis of the surrounding cortex. It appears that bony fixation gives rise to fewer problems in the acetabulum than in the femur. The results of animal experiments and follow-up studies in humans are used to compare potential problems of fixation without cement with the results obtained with bone cement.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Factors influencing walking and stairclimbing following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

The authors quantitatively evaluated the relationship between component placement, limb alignment, and function following unicompartmental knee replacement surgery. It was found that anatomic alignment, prosthetic positioning, and prosthetic design influence the patients' ability to walk and climb stairs. There was wide variation in the placement of the tibial and femoral component among patients. The placement of the femoral component corresponded directly to function during stairclimbing and level walking. Anterior malpositioning of the femoral component resulted in reduced ability to climb stairs. The tibial component position varied primarily in varus-valgus position. Varus-valgus alignment in the frontal plane correlated directly with the magnitude of the adduction moment during level walking. A varus alignment produced a twofold increase in the magnitude of the adduction moment at the knee during walking. Given the potential advantages of the unicompartmental knee, improved precision in component placement should improve the long-term results of hemiarthroplasty knee surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Total surface hip arthroplasty in dogs using a fiber metal composite as a fixation method.

A total hip surface replacement was performed on 13 adult mongrel dogs using a porous fiber metal composite for fixation to bone. Titanium fiber composite rings were molded onto cylindrical acetabular prostheses, and cobalt-chrome fiber inserts were sintered onto the cast cobalt-chrome femoral components. The animals were allowed unrestricted walking. Four dogs were sacrificed between 3 and 5 weeks, five at 7 weeks, one with a femoral neck fracture at 12 weeks, and three at 26 weeks. Bone ingrowth was accomplished in 20 of the 26 prosthetic components. This included 12 femoral components and eight acetabular. The main reason for failure appeared to be inadequate primary fixation, secondary to either poor design or technical difficulties experienced during the surgical procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A canine cementless total hip prosthesis model.

To evaluate a porous fiber titanium composite as a fixation method, total hip arthroplasty was performed in 13 large male mongrel dogs. In seven both acetabular and femoral composites were fixed with a porous titanium fiber composite, and in the other six the acetabulum was fixed with acrylic cement. The animals were killed one, three, and six months following implantation. At autopsy all components were fixed by bony ingrowth. There was progressive remodeling of the ingrown bone and of the bone trabeculae surrounding the prosthesis in the three- and six-month animals, with gradual thickening and development of haversian structures. Cortical osteoporosis, which did not appear to be progressive, was detected in both the one- and six-month specimens.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1980

Prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement by high-dose aspirin or intermittent calf and thigh compression.

A prospective study of patients undergoing total knee replacement was carried out by using a combination of 125I-fibrinogen scanning and phlebography, and showed a high incidence of venous thromboembolic disease (TE). Ventilation-perfusion lung scanning was performed to detect pulmonary emboli in most patients. High doses of aspirin and an intermittent low-pressure pneumatic compression device (IPCD) were effective, even in women, in preventing TE. Low doses of aspirin and placebo were equally ineffective in preventing TE. Lung-scan abnormalities compatible with pulmonary emboli were found in six out of 10 patients with isolated calf-vein thrombi. Conventional tests of platelet function did not predict the development of TE. No significant differences were found between the patients receiving low and high doses of aspirin with respect to the mean template bleeding time or platelet aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate, collagen, and epinephrine, although these variables were significantly abnormal in the two groups receiving aspirin compared with those treated with placebo and the IPCD. Thus high doses of aspirin and a new low-pressure IPCD were effective in preventing venous TE in patients (predominantly women) undergoing total knee replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The influence of grain size on the fatigue behavior of annealed 316 LVM stainless steel.

Experimental tests demonstrate that there is a sharp drop in resistance to fatigue fracture when the grain size is increased from 75 to 150 micrometers. This is at least a partial explanation for fatigue fractures of the stems of total hip-joint prostheses reported in the literature. It is also shown that plastic strains associated with fatigue stressing increase with increasing grain size so that loosening of the bone cement embedment may also be part of the premature failure process.

Hip Joint↗
PubMed1977

Metal carcinogenesis: a study of the carcinogenic activity of solid metal alloys in rats.

The carcinogenic activity of seven metallic alloys was studied by implanting solid rods of each alloy in the gluteal muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats which were killed after twenty-four months. When the number of tumors in these rats was compared with the numbers in rats not operated on, in rats which had a sham operation, and in rats implanted with Silastic rods, no statistically significant differences in the incidences of the tumors in the several groups were found.

Alloys↗
PubMed1976

Biocompatibility of materials for total joint replacement.

The clinical use of total joint prostheses demands absolute biocompatibility of the materials employed. The purpose of this experiment was the bioassay of some materials considered as possible candidates for use in total joint prostheses as load-bearing members or as wear-resistant surfaces. Some materials already in use were also tested. 316L stainless steel was used as a control. The materials were implanted as a standardized rod and in particulate form. An average of 12 samples per material were implanted in soft tissue for six months and a total of 145 rabbits were used in this study. Twenty-five materials including metals, polymers, and ceramics were tested in solid and powdered form. A semiquantitative evaluation of local tissue reaction and a study of organs was performed. Polymers and metallic materials showed in general a mild tissue reaction. Ceramics, which some authors describe as the best tolerated materials, elicited variable tissue responses. Some of these (glass-ceramics) presented very poor tissue tolerance. The least reactive, titanium oxide, titanium aluminate, and aluminum oxide, presented a degree of tissue reaction comparable to that of corrosion resistant metals, but not superior to them. Moderate reactivity was the general rule for particulate materials except for the Pyroceram glass-ceramics, polymides, and Teflon. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene in particulate form elicited a rather cellular tissue response, a fact to be considered when projecting long-term results in total joint arthroplasty. No pathological changes compatible with systemic toxicity by materials tested were observed in the study of the organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

MP35N: a corrosion resistant, high strength alloy for orthopedic surgical impants: bio-assay results.

A cobalt based alloy, MP35N, with excellent mechanical properties has been recently introduced as a material for surgical orthopedic implants. A study was made of local and systemic host response to this material in two different mammal species. The implantation time ranged from one to 12 months. The result of this study indicated: MP35N produces a degree of local tissue response comparable to that of 316L stainless steel. No systemic side effects were observed during the implantation times included in this study.

Alloys↗