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Biomedical subjects

J G Twomey

Publications and source records attributed to J G Twomey.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Ethical voices of pediatric mental health nurses.

Ethical issues in pediatric mental health care have undergone little theoretical consideration and empirical study. In this exploratory ethnographic study, 20 Pediatric Mental Health Registered Nurses (PMHRNs) describe the ethical issues they believe arise from the care they deliver to children in school-age and adolescent age groups. Three major themes emerge from the interviews. These themes, the PMHRNs' relational roles, their role as advocate facilitator, and their view of the milieu as an extension of the family, are analyzed for ethical content using several ethical theories. These ethical theories are evaluated for adequacy, and an argument for the use of relational ethical theories in examining pediatric mental health ethical issues, as well as general pediatric nursing practice, is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Investigating pediatric HIV research ethics in the field.

Physician and nurse researchers, Institutional Review Board members, and parents of children with HIV were asked, during interviews, to describe their views on the ethical issues involved in the conduct of clinical drug research that uses as subjects children who are seropositive for HIV. Twenty-eight interviews at four clinical sites were completed. Two significant ethical topic issues were identified. The study presents and analyzes, using bioethical perspectives, (1) factors that affect access of seropositive children to care and (2) concerns that the respondents presented about the amount of risk appropriate for the afflicted children.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of the claim to distinct nursing ethics: normative and nonnormative approaches.

Nursing ethics has been declared to exist only as a subset of medical ethics. If this statement is to be refuted, any defense of a claim to a discrete nursing ethic must clarify what type of moral theory is being held as distinctly a nursing ethic. Several examples of nursing ethical theory are used to challenge Veatch's view that nursing ethics is a subset of medical ethics. The methodology used to provide the analysis is to group the ethical theories studied under the topics of normative and nonnormative ethics to provide for appropriate inquiry.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1989

The ethics of in utero fetal surgery. A possible threat to the autonomy of pregnant women?

Nurses caring for pregnant women must be aware of the developing capabilities of pediatric surgery to intervene in utero to attempt to correct fetal deformities once thought treatable only after birth. This technology may prove to be a source of ethical dilemmas for families and caretakers if some mothers refuse to consent to such beneficial surgery. Nurses caring for families in such a scenario must be aware not only of the rights and interests of both fetus and mother, but of the responsibilities of all of those interested--the family, the caregivers, and society. Full ethical analysis must include consideration of the effects of any decision on the overall health of the involved clients. While individual nurses will evaluate singular situations using different ethical guidelines, the primary ethical principle to be considered is how the autonomy of the individual pregnant woman is weighted vis a vis the interests of her fetus. Nurses are urged both in clinical practice and in the role of advocate regarding health policy to do their utmost to preserve the status of the individual as a respected, autonomous member of society.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Associations between adult and child bicycle helmet use.

PURPOSE: To observe the incidence of proper and improper use or non-use of bicycle helmets by children and adults when riding bicycles in groups. STUDY DESIGN: An observational survey of bicycle riders on a recreational bicycle path. METHODS: In eight half-day sessions, two observers independently rated all riders in groups that consisted of adults and children either wearing or not wearing helmets. Those who wore helmets were then rated as wearing them properly or improperly. RESULTS: Two-thirds of children wore helmets, but less than one-half wore them properly. One third of the adults wore helmets, and one-half of those wore them properly. Adult helmet use affected child helmet negatively. The strongest correlations were between adult helmet use or non-use and improper or no helmet use in accompanying children. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Primary care nurses who work with healthy populations should collaborate with other groups involved with families to not only exhort them to wear helmets when riding bicycles but also to instruct those riders how to wear their helmets properly.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

AIDS activism.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Varicella exposure in a child at risk of being immunosuppressed.

The child with asthma and other atopic symptoms presents many management problems to the pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) responsible for his or her care. When such a child has an exacerbation of asthma while concomitantly being at risk for contracting varicella after having received parenteral corticosteroids, the consequences can be devastating. The many decisions the PNP must make include modifications to current medications to keep the primary illnesses under control while considering prophylactic and other therapeutic measures to make certain that the threats to the health of the child and the family from varicella are minimized. A case example is used to illustrate the decision-making process in such a situation. Guidelines are drawn from the recent literature, including the recent guidelines on asthma management from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute/National Asthma Education and Prevention Program.

Algorithms↗