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Biomedical subjects

J G Temple

Publications and source records attributed to J G Temple.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The Angelchik prosthesis for gastro-oesophageal reflux: symptomatic and objective assessment.

Twenty-three patients with intractable gastro-oesophageal reflux were treated by insertion of the Angelchik antireflux prosthesis. Good symptomatic relief was achieved in over 80% of patients reviewed up to 28 months after operation and there was marked resolution of oesophagitis as seen on endoscopy. Oesophageal manometry and pH studies performed preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months after operation, showed a significant increase in lower oesophageal sphincter pressure with decreased acid reflux. Some technical problems were encountered, but the prosthesis is potentially a simple and effective means of controlling gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Gastro-oesophageal reflux in pregnancy. Altered function of the barrier to reflux in asymptomatic women during early pregnancy.

The object of this study was to investigate the effect of early pregnancy on the competence of the barrier to gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR). Oesophageal manometry and prolonged intra-oesophageal pH monitoring were carried out in 12 asymptomatic pregnant women and in 7 non-pregnant women. There was no significant difference in mean intragastric pressure between these two groups. However, both mean lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) pressure and mean barrier pressure (LOS pressure minus intragastric pressure) were significantly lower in the pregnant subjects (16.9 +/- 0.79 mm Hg; 8.69 +/- 0.73 mm Hg) than in the controls (21.5 +/- 1.93 mm Hg; 14.1 +/- 1.22 mm Hg) (p less than 0.01 and less than 0.001, respectively). No significant difference could be demonstrated between the two groups with regard to degree of GOR, although the pregnant women did exhibit a tendency towards more marked reflux. The results indicate a diminution in the barrier to reflux in early pregnancy due to a reduction in LOS pressure, which may be the basis of symptomatic GOR in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Palliative percutaneous transhepatic drainage for inoperable obstructive jaundice.

A technique of percutaneous transhepatic drainage under local anaesthesia is described for the relief of intractable pruritus in patients with obstructive jaundice due to inoperable carcinoma. After standard percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography a polyethylene catheter is introduced into one of the large dilated bile ducts and left in situ, thereby establishing external retrograde biliary drainage. The technique has been used successfully in 6 cases with reduction in serum bilirubin levels and relief of pruritus.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Benign thyroid inclusions within cervical lymph nodes: an alarming incidental finding.

Small clusters of microscopically normal thyroid follicles within cervical lymph nodes are very occasionally encountered during histological examination. We support the view that provided the thyroid gland is not palpable and a technetium thyroid scan is normal, these should be regarded as benign thyroid inclusions and do not represent small metastatic lesions from thyroid carcinoma. We report an example of these inclusions in a cervical lymph node which was removed incidentally during the excision of a branchial cyst in a 25-year-old woman. The inclusion was too small to be noticed macroscopically and consisted of a small aggregation of histologically normal thyroid follicles situated in the subcapsular region of the lymph node.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effective of highly selective vagotomy upon the lower oesophageal sphincter.

Recently highly selective vagotomy has been suggested as both a cause of gastro-oesophageal reflux and a potential cure. This study was designed to investigate whether this operation produced any change in the resting pressure or the length of the lower oesophageal sphincter in patients undergoing highly selective vagotomy. A group of patients undergoing truncal vagotomy and drainage were also studied for comparison. No alteration in the resting pressure or length of the lower oesophageal sphincter was noted after either operation. It is therefore unlikely that interference with the sphincter is responsible for post-vagotomy reflux.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Twenty patients with bronchial asthma who also had gastro-oesophageal reflux were investigated. The severity of their reflux was graded using symptom score of heartburn and regurgitation and by the following investigations: barium swallow and meal, fibreoptic endoscopy and biopsy, manometry and pH monitoring of the distal oesophagus, and an acid infusion test. Full lung function studies were performed and patients were entered into a double-blind crossover study using cimetidine to control their reflux in order to assess beneficial effects with respect to their respiratory problems. Eighteen patients completed the study. Significant improvements were seen in reflux and night time asthmatic symptoms, both these indices being measured on a scoring system. Home monitoring of peak flow values showed a statistical improvement for th last peak flow reading of the day. Fourteen patients felt that their chest symptoms had significantly improved during the cimetidine period.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Assessment of the rapid pullthrough technique in oesophageal manometry.

The lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was measured by infusion manometry using the rapid pullthrough technique in two studies designed to evaluate this technique. The first study performed was an assessment of its reproducibility in individual subjects on separate occasions. We conclude that the rapid pullthrough technique does not give reproducible results. The second study compared the lower oesophageal sphincter pressure obtained by this technique with that by the standard station pullthrough technique. We conclude that the results are not comparable.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1980

Effect of Nissen fundoplication on competence of the gastro-oesophageal junction.

The changes produced by the Nissen fundoplication were measured in 12 patients, who required surgery to control their reflux oesophagitis. The gastro-oesophageal junction of each patient was studied before and three months after operation by station pullthrough manometry and prolonged pH monitoring of the distal oesophagus. All patients were free from reflux symptoms post-operatively. The Nissen fundoplication resulted in a significant increase in the pressure, but not the length, of the lower oesophageal high pressure zone. A greater proportion of this zone was situated in the abdomen postoperatively. Prolonged pH monitoring showed a significant improvement in all the measured indices of acid reflux. Nissen fundoplication restores competence to the gastro-oesophageal junction as judged by manometry and pH monitoring. This kind of study should be performed to document the efficiency of other anti-relfux procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The reproducibility of the station pullthrough technique for measuring lower oesophageal sphincter pressure.

The results are presented of two studies of the station pullthrough technique for lower oesophageal manometry. The first part of the work is an assessment of the reproducibility of this technique using both an infused tube system and a system of subminiature, intraluminal strain gauge transducers. The second part of this report describes a study into the effect that the position of the recording hole on the probe may have in relation to the measured pressure for the lower oesophageal sphincter.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Abdominal apoplexy.

Two cases of the rare condition of abdominal apoplexy are described. The two main clincial presentations of this condition are discussed as is the aetiology. It is suggested that selective visceral angiography might prove helpful in preoperative diagnosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

The role of IgA in the prevention of bacterial colonization of the jejunum in the vagotomized subject.

The efficacy of three mechanisms of defence against jejunal bacterial colonization (i.e. gastric acid, vagal and pyloric integrity and intestinal IgA) has been investigated. Only in subjects with disturbance of all three mechanisms did significant jejunal colonization occur, and this was invariably associated with severe diarrhoea. Clearly normal intestinal IgA is of critical importance in the prevention of jejunal bacterial colonization in the vagotomized subject.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1977

The place of transthoracic vagotomy in the management of recurrent peptic ulceration.

For the successful treatment of recurrent peptic ulceration confirmation of the presence of the ulcer by fibreoptic endoscopy is essential. Further investigation by barium meal and gastric acid secretion studies allows a rational surgical approach to be formulated. This process is illustrated by discussion of the investigative findings and the results of treatment in a series of 20 patients with recurrent peptic ulcer over a 5-year period. In one-half of these patients a second abdominal operation was necessary, but in the other half a transthoracic vagotomy alone gave equally good results.

Adult↗